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儿童对有关心理特质的自我报告信息的评价 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本研究通过对63名儿童的访谈来调查儿童对他人有关心理特质的自我报告信息的评价。研究发现,10、11岁儿童比6、7岁儿童对高评价性特质“诚实”、“聪明”、“善良”、“友善”自我报告的信息抱有更大的怀疑;但是在中性特质“忧虑”、“喜欢热闹”、“喜欢红色”、“喜欢咸食”上没有显著差异。结果表明,把自我报告作为有关高评价性特质的信息来源时,高年龄组比低年龄组表现出更大的怀疑,而且这种变化是与儿童自我表现能力的提高有关。 相似文献
183.
Liu Yanping Yu Lili Fu Le Li Wenwen Duan Ziyi Reichle Erik D. 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2019,26(4):1367-1376
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - Two eye-movement experiments are reported in which a boundary paradigm was used to manipulate the presence versus absence of boundaries for high-frequency and... 相似文献
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Hong YY Coleman J Chan G Wong RY Chiu CY Hansen IG Lee SL Tong YY Fu HY 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2004,30(8):1035-1047
This research sought to integrate the implicit theory approach and the social identity approach to understanding biases in intergroup judgment. The authors hypothesized that a belief in fixed human character would be associated with negative bias and prejudice against a maligned group regardless of the perceiver's social identity. By contrast, a belief in malleable human character would allow the perceiver's social identity to guide intergroup perception, such that a common ingroup identity that includes the maligned group would be associated with less negative bias and prejudice against the maligned group than would an exclusive identity. To test these hypotheses, a correlational study was conducted in the context of the Hong Kong 1997 political transition to examine Hong Kong Chinese's perceptions of Chinese Mainlanders, and an experimental study was conducted in the United States to examine Asian Americans' perception of African Americans. Results from both studies supported the authors' predictions. 相似文献
186.
幼儿面子谎行为与面子意识研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文研究了幼儿的面子谎行为和面子意识。被试为幼儿园大班幼儿60名(平均年龄5.72岁),中班60名(平均年龄4.74岁),小班40名(平均年龄3.75岁),面子谎行为通过幼儿评画行为测得,而面子意识则通过评价说面子谎故事获得。实验结果表明:大班、中班幼儿明显具有面子谎行为,但两年龄组的幼儿面子谎行为的发生率没有显著差异,小班幼儿没有面子谎行为;幼儿面子意识基本上不存在。说明幼儿面子谎行为的发展远远先于面子意识的形成。 相似文献
187.
The Effects of Choice Between Nonpreferred Foods on the Food Consumption of Individuals with Food Selectivity 下载免费PDF全文
Jonathan K. Fernand Becky Penrod Sherrene Brice Fu Colleen M. Whelan Shannon Medved 《Behavioral Interventions》2016,31(1):87-101
Previous research has concluded that presenting individuals with the opportunity to choose is a viable treatment for escape‐maintained behavior. Considering that food refusal behavior has been generally described as avoidant behavior, the present study aimed to evaluate the role of choice between nonpreferred foods on the food consumption and problematic mealtime behavior of two children with food selectivity. Each participant was allowed to choose between four nonpreferred foods in the choice condition and was not allowed to choose in the no‐choice condition. Further, the role of choice as an antecedent manipulation in mediating extinction‐induced responding was evaluated when choice alone was demonstrated to be ineffective in increasing consumption and a nonremoval of the spoon procedure was introduced. Results indicated that providing choices was effective in increasing the food consumption of one participant and was advantageous in decreasing emotional responding when a nonremoval of the spoon procedure was introduced for the second participant. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
189.
This study examined cross-cultural differences and similarities in children's moral understanding of individual- or collective-oriented lies and truths. Seven-, 9-, and 11-year-old Canadian and Chinese children were read stories about story characters facing moral dilemmas about whether to lie or tell the truth to help a group but harm an individual or vice versa. Participants chose to lie or to tell the truth as if they were the character (Experiments 1 and 2) and categorized and evaluated the story characters' truthful and untruthful statements (Experiments 3 and 4). Most children in both cultures labeled lies as lies and truths as truths. The major cultural differences lay in choices and moral evaluations. Chinese children chose lying to help a collective but harm an individual, and they rated it less negatively than lying with opposite consequences. Chinese children rated truth telling to help an individual but harm a group less positively than the alternative. Canadian children did the opposite. These findings suggest that cross-cultural differences in emphasis on groups versus individuals affect children's choices and moral judgments about truth and deception. 相似文献
190.