全文获取类型
收费全文 | 31203篇 |
免费 | 519篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
31725篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 139篇 |
2019年 | 152篇 |
2018年 | 3709篇 |
2017年 | 3008篇 |
2016年 | 2458篇 |
2015年 | 359篇 |
2014年 | 266篇 |
2013年 | 861篇 |
2012年 | 880篇 |
2011年 | 2753篇 |
2010年 | 2731篇 |
2009年 | 1664篇 |
2008年 | 2003篇 |
2007年 | 2450篇 |
2006年 | 278篇 |
2005年 | 426篇 |
2004年 | 367篇 |
2003年 | 288篇 |
2002年 | 252篇 |
2001年 | 442篇 |
2000年 | 436篇 |
1999年 | 280篇 |
1998年 | 123篇 |
1997年 | 94篇 |
1996年 | 101篇 |
1992年 | 208篇 |
1991年 | 215篇 |
1990年 | 209篇 |
1989年 | 201篇 |
1988年 | 205篇 |
1987年 | 183篇 |
1986年 | 172篇 |
1985年 | 172篇 |
1984年 | 158篇 |
1983年 | 114篇 |
1982年 | 114篇 |
1979年 | 149篇 |
1978年 | 94篇 |
1977年 | 95篇 |
1976年 | 92篇 |
1975年 | 138篇 |
1974年 | 157篇 |
1973年 | 181篇 |
1972年 | 155篇 |
1971年 | 141篇 |
1970年 | 124篇 |
1969年 | 134篇 |
1968年 | 176篇 |
1967年 | 132篇 |
1966年 | 141篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
981.
Philip Kremer 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2010,39(4):345-367
In The Revision Theory of Truth (MIT Press), Gupta and Belnap (1993) claim as an advantage of their approach to truth “its consequence that truth behaves like an ordinary classical concept
under certain conditions—conditions that can roughly be characterized as those in which there is no vicious reference in the
language.” To clarify this remark, they define Thomason models, nonpathological models in which truth behaves like a classical concept, and investigate conditions under which a
model is Thomason: they argue that a model is Thomason when there is no vicious reference in it. We extend their investigation,
considering notions of nonpathologicality and senses of “no vicious reference” generated both by revision theories of truth
and by fixed-point theories of truth. We show that some of the fixed-point theories have an advantage analogous to that which
Gupta and Belnap claim for their approach, and that at least one revision theory does not. This calls into question the claim
that the revision theories have a distinctive advantage in this regard. 相似文献
982.
Shireen L. Rizvi 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(3):438-447
Research on the emotion of shame has increased significantly in recent years. However, there remains a need for more psychometrically
sound measures of shame, including measures of shame in response to specific, idiographic experiences. The Shame Inventory
was developed in order to assess both global feelings of shame as well as shame in response to specific life events or personal
characteristics. Two studies were conducted to determine the preliminary psychometric properties of the Shame Inventory. Across
both studies, results indicate that the inventory has high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity,
and predictive validity. The Shame Inventory holds promise as a new measure designed to assess both global feelings of shame
as well as specific shame-eliciting cues. 相似文献
983.
An important question is whether monetary reward can increase attentional effort in order to improve performance. Up to now,
evidence for a positive answer is weak. Therefore, in the present study, the flanker task was used to examine this question
further. Participants had to respond sooner than a certain deadline in a flanker task. One group of participants received
a performance-contingent monetary reward, whereas the other group earned a fixed amount of money. As a result, monetary reward
significantly improved performance in comparison with the control group. The analysis of speed-accuracy trade-off functions
revealed that monetary reward increased attentional effort, leading to an enhanced quality of stimulus coding. Little evidence
was found that reward also improved selective spatial attention. 相似文献
984.
James Mensch 《Continental Philosophy Review》2010,42(4):449-463
In his last work, The Visible and the Invisible, Merleau-Ponty explored the fact that we believe that perception occurs in our heads (“in the recesses of a body”) and, hence,
assert that the perceptual world is “in” us, while also believing that we are “in” the world we perceive. In this article,
I examine how this intertwining of self and world justifies the faith we have in perception. I shall do so by considering
a number of examples. In each case, the object “in itself” will turn out to be neither within us nor outside of us, but rather
at the intersection set by the intertwining. I will then turn to what this disclosure of this object reveals about human temporality
and, indeed, about human being as a place (or “clearing”) that permits disclosure. 相似文献
985.
Monica Hartzell Jaakko Seikkula Anne-Liis von Knorring 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2010,32(3):273-289
Parents who came with their child to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) for the first time were interviewed 1–2 weeks afterwards
in the presence of the child and the therapists. In a grounded theory analysis they revealed uncertainty about their role
in the first meeting as well as of future planning. What had been important to them were aspects like communication, sharing
perspectives, and the reformulation of problems. 相似文献
986.
Riem Spielhaus 《Contemporary Islam》2010,4(1):11-27
This article focuses on the ways in which Muslims actively participate in media debates about Islam and Muslims in Germany,
and how they challenge or reinforce representations of themselves. It questions the narrative of powerlessness versus dominant
actors in media and politics. Even though they were already perceived as part of a Muslim community, several prominent individuals
in the German cultural and political sphere took an explicit position as Muslims—some insisting on their distance to religion.
This paper aims at describing the various reasons and reflections accompanying this decision and argues that media images
of Muslims steered individuals, who are not members of Islamic organizations let alone representatives of them, to become
active or change their self-representation and act as Muslims. By demanding recognition as active members of German society,
prominent Muslim individuals are creating new images of Muslims beyond an imaginary that is reducing them to their (alleged)
religiosity and positioning them outside German national identity. 相似文献
987.
Joseph A. Baltimore 《Synthese》2010,175(2):151-168
Jaegwon Kim’s supervenience/exclusion argument attempts to show that non-reductive physicalism is incompatible with mental
causation. This influential argument can be seen as relying on the following principle, which I call “the piggyback principle”:
If, with respect to an effect, E, an instance of a supervenient property, A, has no causal powers over and above, or in addition
to, those had by its supervenience base, B, then the instance of A does not cause E (unless A is identical with B). In their
“Epiphenomenalism: The Dos and the Don’ts,” Larry Shapiro and Elliott Sober employ a novel empirical approach to challenge
the piggyback principle. Their empirical approach pulls from the experiments of August Weismann regarding the inheritance
of acquired characteristics. Through an examination of Weismann’s experiments, Shapiro and Sober extract lessons in reasoning
about the epiphenomenalism of a property. And according to these empirically drawn lessons, the piggyback principle is a don’t.
My primary aim in this paper is to defend the piggyback principle against Shapiro and Sober’s empirical approach. 相似文献
988.
Jai B. P. Sinha Shailendra Singh Parvinder Gupta Kailash B. L. Srivastava R. B. N. Sinha Sanjay Srivastava Anjali Ghosh Roomana N. Siddiqui Nachiketa Tripathi Meenakshi Gupta Sweta Srivastava Zubin Mulla C. Vijayalakshmi Ashish Pandey 《Psychological studies》2010,55(1):3-17
Eight hundred and twenty-nine adults, drawn from 12 locations in all four parts of India, participated in a study that explored the joint effects of Indians’ discrepant mindset, context sensitivity, and quality of environment on their modes of behavior. Respondents also predicted how a person is likely to change his behavior when the conditions in which he works change from disabling to enabling. The findings showed that the two most dominant modes of behavior-self-serving calculative and achieving high positive goal — coexisted, but were differently caused. Context sensitivity facilitated both modes of behavior; but adequate infrastructure and friendly and helpful people in the neighborhood encouraged only achieving high positive goal behavior. On the contrary, duplicity in professing desirable but acting under realistic compulsions, poor quality of environment, and low levels of development were conducive to self-serving calculative behavior. As a situation changed from disabling to enabling, a person was likely to shift towards more positive behavior. 相似文献
989.
In this communication, some issues related to the old but still open question, on how far the development of cognitive processing in artificial machines can go, are discussed. A selected gallery of images derived from laboratory experiments are presented. The incompleteness of the gallery is as that in the definition of what we mean as cognitive processing. 相似文献
990.
Amanda Christine Wallace Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell Sara LeGrand John James Robin Swift David Toole Matthew Toth 《Pastoral Psychology》2012,61(1):113-143
The health of clergy is important, and clergy may find health programming tailored to them more effective. Little is known
about existing clergy health programs. We contacted Protestant denominational headquarters and searched academic databases
and the Internet. We identified 56 clergy health programs and categorized them into prevention and personal enrichment; counseling;
marriage and family enrichment; peer support; congregational health; congregational effectiveness; denominational enrichment;
insurance/strategic pension plans; and referral-based programs. Only 13 of the programs engaged in outcomes evaluation. Using
the Socioecological Framework, we found that many programs support individual-level and institutional-level changes, but few
programs support congregational-level changes. Outcome evaluation strategies and a central repository for information on clergy
health programs are needed. 相似文献