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41.
对实践问题的思考贯穿了伽达默尔整个学术生涯,构成了他哲学思想的起点和归宿。实践哲学不仅影响了他的哲学解释学思想的形成,而且他还将哲学解释学应用于实践问题,发展出解释学的实践哲学。实践哲学和解释学在他的思想发展中是一种互动的、相互启发的关系。他对实践哲学和解释学的融合,可分为三个阶段。早期他通过对柏拉图的政治思想研究关注到理解和相互理解问题,此外海德格尔对《尼各马可伦理学》的阐释使其注意到实践智慧概念。在中期的代表作《真理与方法》中他通过实践智慧概念阐明解释学的应用问题。后期他通过将哲学解释学应用于对现代社会的反思,寻求对实践合理性的理解,希望以此来引导人们的生活,避免技术文明对人造成的异化。对实践哲学和解释学的融合体现伽达默尔作为一个人文知识分子的现实关怀,对于我们思考现代人的生存处境具有重要启发意义。 相似文献
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道德外语效应(Moral Foreign Language effect)是指人们的道德判断在外语条件下发生改变的现象,自该效应提出以来,其背后的机制一直都是研究的热点。道德外语效应的解释机制主要有审慎加工增强、情绪反应减少和道德规范联结的减弱等。本文对三种影响机制进行了探讨,发现情绪、道德规范和外语水平对道德判断可能会产生影响。同时,本文指出未来可以从自我控制、认知启动效应、消极情绪启动效应及道德规范与外语水平之间的关系进行研究和探讨。 相似文献
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Yijie Zhang Yuzhu Zhai Xingmei Zhou Zhixin Zhang Ruolei Gu Yue-jia Luo Chunliang Feng 《European journal of social psychology》2023,53(1):183-194
The current literature has revealed mixed evidence on whether loss (vs. gain) context promotes or curtails human prosociality. The current study (N=96) aimed to address this issue by examining whether gain/loss context has distinct effects on different prosocial preferences combining computational modelling with Dictator Game and Message Game. These interactive games allow for dissociating preferences for generosity and honesty, which have been respectively associated with intuitive and deliberative systems. Our behavioural and computational modelling results indicate that loss context enhances concerns for generosity but reduces concerns for honesty. These findings support an account under the framework of dual process model asserting that loss facilitates intuitive responses during social decision-making, regardless of whether they are prosocial or proself. The current findings reconcile previous debates on the relationship between loss-gain context and human prosociality and shed light on the design of institutions to promote human prosocial behaviours. 相似文献
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电击信号应激对大鼠体液免疫及内分泌功能的影响 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18
研究了足电击及以电击装置为信号刺激所诱发的情绪应激对大鼠原发性体液免疫反应及内分泌的影响。 结果表明每天10分钟,共6天的足电击对大鼠抗特异性抗原OVA的原发性体液免疫反应无明显作用,而此电击作 用结合每天10分钟,共8天的情绪应激则可显著降低大鼠体液免疫反应及脾脏指数。同时该应激可显著提高大鼠 血儿茶酚胶和皮质酮水平。该研究证明了情绪应激对大鼠体液免疫功能的调节作用,并对交感神经系统和下丘脑- 垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴在其中所起的作用进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
45.
Alejandra Zaragoza Scherman Sinué Salgado Zhifang Shao Dorthe Berntsen 《Applied cognitive psychology》2020,34(5):1180-1196
The extent to which highly emotional autobiographical memories become central to one's identity and life story influences mental health. Young adults report higher distress and lower well-being, compared with middle-aged and/or older adults; whether this replicates across cultures is still unclear. First, we provide a review of the literature that examines age-differences in depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and life satisfaction in adulthood across cultures. Second, we report findings from a cross-cultural study that examined event centrality of highly positive and negative autobiographical memories along with symptoms of depression and PTSD, and levels of life satisfaction in approximately 1000 young and middle-aged adults from Mexico, Greenland, China and Denmark. Both age groups provided higher centrality ratings to the positive life event; however, the relative difference between the ratings for the positive and negative event was smaller in the young adults. Young adults reported significantly more distress and less well-being across cultures. 相似文献
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早期应激对抑郁相关行为及神经内分泌反应的长期影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
临床研究发现,早期创伤性经历是导致成年抑郁症易感性增加的高风险因素之一。但早期应激通过何种途径对抑郁发病产生长期的影响,目前尚不清楚。本文综述了近年来有关的实验动物研究,从早期应激的动物模型建立、早期应激对成年动物抑郁相关行为及神经内分泌反应的长期影响等方面进行了系统论述和分析,进而提出了早期应激并不影响动物的本能行为,但早期应激影响与行为动机和应激应对等认知相关的行为的观点,进一步论证了早期应激是通过增加个体潜在的易患病素质对抑郁症发病产生影响 相似文献
49.
The present study provides Dutch norms for age of acquisition, familiarity, imageability, image agreement, visual complexity, word frequency, and word length (in syllables) for 124 line drawings of actions. Ratings were obtained from 117 Dutch participants. Word frequency was determined on the basis of the SUBTLEX-NL corpus (Keuleers, Brysbaert, & New, Behavior Research Methods, 42, 643–650, 2010). For 104 of the pictures, naming latencies and name agreement were determined in a separate naming experiment with 74 native speakers of Dutch. The Dutch norms closely corresponded to the norms for British English. Multiple regression analysis showed that age of acquisition, imageability, image agreement, visual complexity, and name agreement were significant predictors of naming latencies, whereas word frequency and word length were not. Combined with the results of a principal-component analysis, these findings suggest that variables influencing the processes of conceptual preparation and lexical selection affect latencies more strongly than do variables influencing word-form encoding. 相似文献
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