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31.
Daniel Liechty Curtis W. Hart Shalom Gorewitz Jill Kirby Barbre Brian Peterson 《Journal of religion and health》2003,42(4):355-363
PSYCHOANALYSIS AND BUDDHISM: AN UNFOLDING DIALOGUE. Edited by Jeremy D. Safran. 443 pp. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2003. 19.95 (paperback). THE HOUSE OF JOSHUA. By Mindy Thompson Fullilove. 160 pp. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1999. $. MAGIC OF THE ORDINARY: RECOVERING THE SHAMANIC IN JUDAISM. By Gershon Winkler. Pp Place: North Atlantic Books, 2003. $. RAISING AMERICA: EXPERTS, PARENTS AND A CENTURY OF ADVICE ABOUT CHILDREN, by Ann Hulbert. 450 pp. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003. $27.50.. HONKY. By Dalton Conley. 207 pp. New York: Vintage Books, 2001. $12.00. 相似文献
32.
Carson J. Sandy Samuel D. Gosling Shalom H. Schwartz Tim Koelkebeck 《Journal of personality assessment》2017,99(5):545-555
Values are a central personality construct and the importance of studying them has been well established. To encourage researchers to integrate measures of values into their studies, brief and ultrabrief instruments were developed to recapture the 10 values measured by the 40-item Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ; Schwartz, 2003). Rigorous psychometric procedures based on separate derivation (N = 38,049) and evaluation (N = 29,143) samples yielded 10- and 20-item measures of values, which proved to be successful at capturing the patterns and magnitude of correlations associated with the original PVQ. These instruments should be useful to researchers who would like to incorporate a values scale into their study but do not have the space to administer a longer measure. 相似文献
33.
Value tradeoffs propel and inhibit behavior: Validating the 19 refined values in four countries 下载免费PDF全文
Shalom H. Schwartz Jan Cieciuch Michele Vecchione Claudio Torres Ozlem Dirilen‐Gumus Tania Butenko 《European journal of social psychology》2017,47(3):241-258
We assess the predictive and discriminant validity of the basic values in the refined Schwartz value theory by examining how value tradeoffs predict behavior in Italy, Poland, Russia, and the USA. One thousand eight hundred and fifty‐seven respondents reported their values and rated their own and a partner's behavior. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the distinctiveness of the 19 values and the 19 self‐rated and other‐rated behaviors. Multidimensional scaling analyses supported the circular motivational order of the 19 values. Findings affirmed the theorizing that behavior depends upon tradeoffs between values that propel and values that inhibit it. Across four countries, value importance, behavior frequency, and gender failed to moderate the strength of value–behavior relations. This raises the question of the conditions under which the widely cited assumption that normative pressure weakens value–behavior relations holds. 相似文献
34.
Lakshminarayanan K Ben Shalom D van Wassenhove V Orbelo D Houde J Poeppel D 《Brain and language》2003,84(2):250-263
We investigated the effect of various spectral manipulations on the identification of sentential prosody. Two main categories of prosody--affective (happy, angry, sad) and linguistic (statement, question, continuation)--were studied. Thirty-six subjects were presented with stimuli that were recorded by a female native speaker of American English. The stimuli were digitally manipulated to create synthesized, band-pass filtered (F0-range and F2/F3-range) and re-entrant (pitch only version of stimulus is convolved with a steady-state signal) conditions. Results of a forced-choice discrimination paradigm showed that, in general, performance is remarkably robust despite spectral manipulation, even when there is relatively little spectral information. However, performance was significantly degraded in the low band-pass and re-entrant conditions. These observations are discussed in light of the relevance of the fundamental frequency as well as syllabification for the analysis of prosodic information. 相似文献
35.
Sonia Roccas Gabriel Horenczyk Shalom H. Schwartz 《European journal of social psychology》2000,30(3):323-334
This study examines associations of immigrants' well‐being with the discrepancies they perceive between their own acculturation attitudes and the acculturation expectations of members of the host society. A hundred immigrants to Israel from the former Soviet Union reported their personal value priorities, their satisfaction with life, their attitudes towards acculturation, and their beliefs about what members of the dominant society require of them. The immigrants believed that Israelis want them to relinquish their distinctive identity and to assimilate more than they themselves wish to do. As hypothesized, perceived pressure to assimilate correlated negatively with life satisfaction only among those who value conformity, but not among others. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
36.
Personality and Politics: Values, Traits, and Political Choice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Gian Vittorio Caprara Shalom Schwartz Cristina Capanna Michele Vecchione Claudio Barbaranelli 《Political psychology》2006,27(1):1-28
Voters' political choices have presumably come to depend more on their personal preferences and less on their social characteristics in Western democracies. We examine two aspects of personality that may influence political choice, traits and personal values, using the Five Factor Model of personality traits and the Schwartz (1992 ) theory of basic personal values. Data from 3044 voters for the major coalitions in the Italian national election of 2001 showed that supporters of the two coalitions differed in traits and values, largely as hypothesized. Center-left voters were higher than center-right voters in the traits of friendliness and openness and lower in energy and conscientiousness. Regarding values, center-left voters were higher than center-right voters in universalism, benevolence, and self-direction and lower in security, power, achievement, conformity, and tradition. Logistic regressions revealed that values explained substantial variance in past and future voting and in change of political choice, trumping personality traits. We discuss explanations for the primacy of values and implications for the social cognitive view of personality. 相似文献
37.
Claude Barbre Ann M. Akers Lynne Hirschman Shalom Gorewitz Frederick A. Drobin Beverly A. Musgrave Daniel Liechty Bruce G. Epperly Clayton Crockett April S. Katherine Lynch Brenda Shaw Gregory Downey Marsha Tucker Hutchinson Nick Humez Norman Brandenstein Carolyn Bouchard Tracy Maureen Ross Barry Ulanov 《Journal of religion and health》1999,38(4):347-374
38.
Findings that members of minorities are more ready for social contact with members of dominant groups than vice versa have been attributed to a motivation of minorities to integrate into the larger society. We theorize that minorities hold opposing motivations—to integrate vs. to maintain unique group identity—the balance of which determines readiness for out-group contact. Study 1 examined readiness for out-group contact among three groups of Israeli teachers—Jews (dominant group), Muslim Arabs, and Christian Arabs (minorities). According to sociohistorical analyses, Muslim Arabs are more activated to maintain uniqueness and less motivated to integrate than are Christian Arabs. Study 2 examined recent Russian immigrants to Israel (minority) and veteran Israelis (dominant). Individual differences in motivation to integrate vs. maintain minority group identity were measured among immigrants. In both studies, the balance of motivations predicted minority group readiness for contact with the dominant group. 相似文献
39.
The basic value priorities prevalent in Eastern Europe are studied in a cross-national comparison. Analyses of the implications of adaptation to life circumstances under communist regimes lead to the hypotheses that East European samples are likely to attribute especially high importance to conservatism and hierarchy values and low importance to egalitarianism, intellectual and affective autonomy, and mastery values. The same hypotheses apply to differences between countries within Eastern Europe in which there was greater or lesser communist penetration. These hypotheses are largely supported with data both from samples of school teachers and of university students from nine Eastern European and 12 Western European countries. Various possible alternative explanations are discussed: national economic level, religion, earlier shared history, effects of totalitarianism, and distinctiveness of Western Europe. 相似文献
40.
Shalom H Schwartz 《Journal of experimental social psychology》1973,9(4):349-364
Criticisms of normative explanations of helping behavior are examined, and an explanation responsive to these criticisms is proposed. This explanation specifies conditions which affect the activation of personal norms and hence their influence on behavior. One hypothesis based on the explanation was tested: the impact of norms on behavior is a function of the tendency to deny or to ascribe responsibility to the self (AR). AR and personal norms toward donating bone marrow to a stranger were measured in a mailed questionnaire. Three months later, 132 women received mailed appeals to join a pool of potential donors from an unrelated source. As predicted, volunteering was a function of the AR × personal norm interaction (p < .0001). Personal norms had no impact on volunteering among those low on AR (deniers), but a substantial impact among those high on AR. Neither intentions to donate, attitudes toward transplants, nor various sociodemographic variables added to the variance in volunteering accounted for by the AR × personal norm interaction. 相似文献