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AbstractThis article considers the impact of census data on British Muslims, as well as the potential consequences of changes to the UK census beyond 2011 for minority religions. Focusing on the Muslim case, it reflects on data generated in previous censuses and the ways in which they have been used. The discussion explores the perceived need for social statistics on religion, particularly in relation to the increased identification of ‘Muslim’ as a religious rather than ethnic classification. It gives an overview of insights gained as a result of having data on religion in addition to ethnicity, notably: the high levels of socioeconomic disadvantage experienced by British Muslims and the ability to access information on Muslims that was hitherto hidden. Finally, the article provides a brief summary of proposed changes to the new census format and considers the likely outcomes for British Muslims if the scope of data collected on religion is reduced. 相似文献
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Serena Bezdjian Danielle Burchett Kristin G. Schneider Monty T. Baker Howard N. Garb 《Military psychology》2015,27(6):325-334
Suicide and suicidal ideation are serious public health concerns. Accurate detection and assessment are critical first steps in addressing this challenging issue. The present study examined self-reported suicidal ideation in a sample of United States Air Force enlisted active duty basic trainees (N = 470) using the Multidimensional Suicide Inventory (MSI-28). Exploratory factor analyses revealed a 4-factor structure for the MSI-28 in this sample. Together, these 4 factors explained approximately 72% of the variance in the MSI-28. The MSI-28 evidenced moderate to strong associations with measures of resilience (Dispositional Resilience Scale-15; DRS-15) and psychological distress (Outcome Questionnaire; OQ-30.2). These findings demonstrate that the MSI-28 is a promising tool for clinical measurement of self-reported suicidality. Future directions for further validation of the MSI-28 are discussed. 相似文献
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Functional mapping of left parietal areas involved in simple addition and multiplication. A single‐case study of qualitative analysis of errors
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Alessandro Della Puppa Serena De Pellegrin Elena Salillas Alberto Grego Anna Lazzarini Antonino Vallesi Marina Saladini Carlo Semenza 《Journal of Neuropsychology》2015,9(2):330-335
All electrostimulation studies on arithmetic have so far solely reported general errors. Nonetheless, a classification of the errors during stimulation can inform us about underlying arithmetic processes. The present electrostimulation study was performed in a case of left parietal glioma. The patient's erroneous responses suggested that calculation was mainly applied for addition and a combination of retrieval and calculation was mainly applied for multiplication. The findings of the present single‐case study encourage follow up with further data collection with the same paradigm. 相似文献
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Ken J. Rotenberg Serena Petrocchi Flavia Lecciso Antonella Marchetti 《Infant and child development》2015,24(2):206-214
The study examined the relation between children's trust beliefs and Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities. A sample of 168 Italian children (M = 9 years–6 months, SD = 7 months) were administered the Italian Children's Generalized Trust Beliefs (ICGTB) Scale, two Second‐Order False Belief ToM measures, and an Advanced ToM measure. As expected, the ICGTB scale demonstrated: (1) validity by its three factor structure and (2) reliability by exhibiting acceptable internal consistency and test–retest stability. As expected, the children's emotional trust beliefs in others were associated with both second‐order false belief ToM ability and advanced ToM ability. These relations were not attributable to verbal ability. The findings are discussed with respect to the relations among children's emotional trust beliefs, personal disclosure, and quality of attachment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Mother and father socially desirable responding in nine countries: Two kinds of agreement and relations to parenting self‐reports
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Marc H. Bornstein Diane L. Putnick Jennifer E. Lansford Concetta Pastorelli Ann T. Skinner Emma Sorbring Sombat Tapanya Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado Arnaldo Zelli Liane Peña Alampay Suha M. Al‐Hassan Dario Bacchini Anna Silvia Bombi Lei Chang Kirby Deater‐Deckard Laura Di Giunta Kenneth A. Dodge Patrick S. Malone Paul Oburu 《International journal of psychology》2015,50(3):174-185
We assessed 2 forms of agreement between mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding in China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand and the United States (N = 1110 families). Mothers and fathers in all 9 countries reported socially desirable responding in the upper half of the distribution, and countries varied minimally (but China was higher than the cross‐country grand mean and Sweden lower). Mothers and fathers did not differ in reported levels of socially desirable responding, and mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding were largely uncorrelated. With one exception, mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding were similarly correlated with self‐perceptions of parenting, and correlations varied somewhat across countries. These findings are set in a discussion of socially desirable responding, cultural psychology and family systems. 相似文献
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We investigated whether stronger religious fundamentalism predicted negative attitudes toward church–state separation as a consequence of perceiving low in-group prototypicality (IGP). Across two studies (N = 635), Christians from the United States reported their religious orientations (intrinsic, extrinsic-personal, extrinsic-social, fundamentalism) before we measured (or manipulated) their perceptions of IGP. The dependent variables were attitudes toward church–state separation (S1, S2) and attitudes toward religious–national integration (S2). Results showed that stronger religious fundamentalism predicted negative attitudes toward church–state separation. Results also showed that fundamentalists’ negativity toward church–state separation was stronger when Christianity was not perceived as prototypical of America's identity. Religious fundamentalism did not predict attitudes toward church–state separation when perceiving high IGP. Religious fundamentalism predicted support of religious–national integration irrespective of IGP. The results suggest that fundamentalists will oppose the separation of church and state when they perceive their religion is not prototypical of their national identity. 相似文献
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Jais Adam-Troian Pascal Wagner-Egger Matt Motyl Thomas Arciszewski Roland Imhoff Felix Zimmer Olivier Klein Maria Babinska Adrian Bangerter Michal Bilewicz Nebojša Blanuša Kosta Bovan Rumena Bužarovska Aleksandra Cichocka Elif Çelebi Sylvain Delouvée Karen M. Douglas Asbjørn Dyrendal Biljana Gjoneska Sylvie Graf Estrella Gualda Gilad Hirschberger Anna Kende Peter Krekó Andre Krouwel Pia Lamberty Silvia Mari Jasna Milosevic Maria Serena Panasiti Myrto Pantazi Ljupcho Petkovski Giuseppina Porciello J. P. Prims André Rabelo Michael Schepisi Robbie M. Sutton Viren Swami Hulda Thórisdóttir Vladimir Turjačanin Iris Zezelj Jan-Willem van Prooijen 《Political psychology》2021,42(4):597-618
Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g., religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research, we tested, based on a situated cultural cognition perspective, the extent to which culture predicts CT beliefs. Using Hofstede's model of cultural values, three nation-level analyses of data from 25, 19, and 18 countries using different measures of CT beliefs (Study 1, N = 5323; Study 2a, N = 12,255; Study 2b, N = 30,994) revealed positive associations between masculinity, collectivism, and CT beliefs. A cross-sectional study among U.S. citizens (Study 3, N = 350), using individual-level measures of Hofstede's values, replicated these findings. A meta-analysis of correlations across studies corroborated the presence of positive links between CT beliefs, collectivism, r = .31, 95% CI = [.15; .47], and masculinity, r = .39, 95% CI = [.18; .59]. Our results suggest that in addition to individual differences and contextual variables, cultural factors also play an important role in shaping CT beliefs. 相似文献