全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1180篇 |
免费 | 63篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 47篇 |
2019年 | 54篇 |
2018年 | 67篇 |
2017年 | 65篇 |
2016年 | 54篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 59篇 |
2013年 | 142篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 65篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 62篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 32篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
1948年 | 2篇 |
1933年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1244条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
921.
Longitudinal stability of pre‐reading skill profiles of kindergarten children: implications for early screening and theories of reading
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Developmental science》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Ola Ozernov‐Palchik Elizabeth S. Norton Georgios Sideridis Sara D. Beach Maryanne Wolf John D.E. Gabrieli Nadine Gaab 《Developmental science》2017,20(5)
Research suggests that early identification of developmental dyslexia is important for mitigating the negative effects of dyslexia, including reduced educational attainment and increased socioemotional difficulties. The strongest pre‐literacy predictors of dyslexia are rapid automatized naming (RAN), phonological awareness (PA), letter knowledge, and verbal short‐term memory. The relationship among these constructs has been debated, and several theories have emerged to explain the unique role of each in reading ability/disability. Furthermore, the stability of identification of risk based on these measures varies widely across studies, due in part to the different cut‐offs employed to designate risk. We applied a latent profile analysis technique with a diverse sample of 1215 kindergarten and pre‐kindergarten students from 20 schools, to investigate whether PA, RAN, letter knowledge, and verbal short‐term memory measures differentiated between homogenous profiles of performance on these measures. Six profiles of performance emerged from the data: average performers, below average performers, high performers, PA risk, RAN risk, and double‐deficit risk (both PA and RAN). A latent class regression model was employed to investigate the longitudinal stability of these groups in a representative subset of children (n = 95) nearly two years later, at the end of 1st grade. Profile membership in the spring semester of pre‐kindergarten or fall semester of kindergarten was significantly predictive of later reading performance, with the specific patterns of performance on the different constructs remaining stable across the years. There was a higher frequency of PA and RAN deficits in children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. There was no evidence for the IQ–achievement discrepancy criterion traditionally used to diagnose dyslexia. Our results support the feasibility of early identification of dyslexia risk and point to the heterogeneity of risk profiles. These findings carry important implications for improving outcomes for children with dyslexia, based on more targeted interventions. 相似文献
922.
Many studies have found that a majority of boys and girls prefer to play with toys that are typed to their own gender but there is still uncertainty about the age at which such sex differences first appear, and under what conditions. Applying a standardized research protocol and using a selection of gender‐typed toys, we observed the toy preferences of boys and girls engaged in independent play in UK nurseries, without the presence of a parent. The 101 boys and girls fell into three age groups: 9 to 17 months, when infants can first demonstrate toy preferences in independent play (N = 40); 18 to 23 months, when critical advances in gender knowledge occur (N = 29); and 24 to 32 months, when knowledge becomes further established (N = 32). Stereotypical toy preferences were found for boys and girls in each of the age groups, demonstrating that sex differences in toy preference appear early in development. Both boys and girls showed a trend for an increasing preference with age for toys stereotyped for boys. Theoretical implications of the findings are discussed with regard to biological predispositions, cognitive development and environmental influences on toy preference. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
923.
Philosophia - Can we love and envy the same person at the same time? There is an overwhelming, cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary, consensus that love and envy are deeply incompatible. In this... 相似文献
924.
Miscarriage is a devastating yet common experience shared by women and their partners. Doctors often recommend that couples attempt to conceive again after the experience of a miscarriage, yet little is known about the emotional toll of conception following miscarriage. In the current study, we addressed two primary research questions: (a) How does experiencing a miscarriage relate to recalled emotional experiences of uncertainty surrounding efforts to conceive again? and (b) does gender moderate the association between miscarriage and retrospective accounts of emotions surrounding efforts to conceive? An online sample of parents from across the U.S. (N?=?429; 84.4 % married or cohabiting) reported their number of prior miscarriages and completed online questionnaires assessing recalled psychological adjustment (anxiety, rumination, positive and negative emotions) during their efforts to conceive their youngest child. In addition, they provided written responses regarding their experiences during this time. Participants’ responses were quantitatively analyzed for word use using LIWC, a text-analysis software program, to obtain an observational indicator of emotions. For women but not men, miscarriage was associated with recalled anxiety, rumination, and negative emotions surrounding efforts to conceive a child, as well as the use of more negative emotion, sadness, and anxiety words when describing efforts to conceive. Thus, miscarriage seemed to taint the emotional experience of trying to conceive again, and this consequence seemed particularly poignant for women. 相似文献
925.
Sara D Youngwirth Elizabeth A Harvey Elizabeth C Gates Rebecca L Hashim Julie L Friedman-Weieneth 《Child neuropsychology》2007,13(5):422-443
This study focused on gaining a better understanding of the neuropsychological abilities of preschool-aged children who show elevated levels of hyperactivity and oppositional-defiance. It examined the performance of children aged 48 to 67 months on tests of attention/executive function, language, memory, and sensorimotor abilities, as measured by the NEPSY and Conners' K-CPT. Two hundred thirty-seven children were divided into four subgroups based on mothers' report of behavior using rating scales and a diagnostic interview: hyperactive only (HYP), oppositional-defiant only (OD), hyperactive and oppositional-defiant (HYP/OD), and nonproblem. Children in the HYP/OD group scored significantly worse than nonproblem children on four of nine subtests on the NEPSY, including one test of executive function, one test of language comprehension, and both tests of short-term verbal memory. However, only the test of executive function (Statue) showed significant predictive power, and, while specificity of this subtest was good, sensitivity was poor. On the K-CPT, a continuous performance test, children in both the HYP and HYP/OD groups performed worse than children in the OD and nonproblem groups. When the NEPSY Statue subtest and the K-CPT were used together, overall predictive power was .74. Results suggest that neuropsychological deficits can be observed among preschool children with hyperactivity, particularly when comorbid oppositional-defiance is present; however, moderate predictive power suggests that these tests should be used in conjunction with other methods of assessment. 相似文献
926.
We argue that conceptual analyses of collective action should be informed by game-theoretic analyses of collective action.
In particular, we argue that Ariel Rubenstein’s so-called ‘Electronic Mail Game’ provides a useful model of collective action,
and of the formation of collective intentions. 相似文献
927.
Examined self-handicapping prior to academic-oriented tasks in children with and without ADHD and examined whether stimulant
medication influenced self-handicapping. Participants were 61 children ages 6 to 13, including 22 children with ADHD tested
after taking a placebo, 21 children with ADHD tested after taking stimulant medication, and 18 non-ADHD controls. Participants
completed three measures of self handicapping and also completed self-evaluations of their performance. Results showed greater
self handicapping and more positive self-evaluations in children with ADHD than in controls regardless of medication condition.
Findings suggest children with ADHD may use self handicapping to ameliorate the effects of experiencing high rates of academic
failure. 相似文献
928.
Alcohol consumption increases aggression, but only in some drinkers. This study extends previous work to show how expectancies for alcohol-induced aggression and dispositional rumination moderate the link between alcohol consumption and alcohol-related aggression and hostility in a sample of 285 men and women. Alcohol-aggression expectancies and quantity of alcohol interacted to predict alcohol-related hostility and aggression. Trait rumination moderated the effect of alcohol consumption on aggressive acts. Finally, women who ruminated were more likely to report alcohol-related aggression than were men who ruminated. These results suggest that alcohol expectancies for aggression and rumination constitute two important cognitive facilitators of alcohol-related aggression and hostility, and that gender plays an important role in these relations. 相似文献
929.
Bonato M Fabbri S Umiltà C Zorzi M 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2007,33(6):1410-1419
Numerical fractions are commonly used to express ratios and proportions (i.e., real numbers), but little is known about how they are mentally represented and processed by skilled adults. Four experiments employed comparison tasks to investigate the distance effect and the effect of the spatial numerical association of response codes (SNARC) for fractions. Results showed that fractions were processed componentially and that the real numerical value of the fraction was not accessed, indicating that processing the fraction's magnitude is not automatic. In contrast, responses were influenced by the numerical magnitude of the components and reflected the simple comparison between numerators, denominators, and reference, depending on the strategy adopted. Strategies were used even by highly skilled participants and were flexibly adapted to the specific experimental context. In line with results on the whole number bias in children, these findings suggest that the understanding of fractions is rooted in the ability to represent discrete numerosities (i.e., integers) rather than real numbers and that the well-known difficulties of children in mastering fractions are circumvented by skilled adults through a flexible use of strategies based on the integer components. 相似文献
930.
Animal and human data suggest the existence of a cross-species system of analog number representation (e.g., Cordes, Gelman, Gallistel, & Whalen, 2001; Meeck & Church, 1983), which may mediate the computation of statistical regularities in the environment (Gallistel, Gelman, & Cordes, 2006). However, evidence of arithmetic manipulation of these nonverbal magnitude representations is sparse and lacking in depth. This study uses the analysis of variability as a tool for understanding properties of these combinatorial processes. Human subjects participated in tasks requiring responses dependent upon the addition, subtraction, or reproduction of nonverbal counts. Variance analyses revealed that the magnitude of both inputs and answer contributed to the variability in the arithmetic responses, with operand variability dominating. Other contributing factors to the observed variability and implications for logarithmic versus scalar models of magnitude representation are discussed in light of these results. 相似文献