The “ventriloquist effect”: Visual dominance or response bias?

The interaction between vision and audition was investigated using a signal detection method. A light and tone were presented either in the same location or in different locations along the horizontal plane, and the subjects responded with same-different judgments of stimulus location. Three modes of stimulus presentation were used: simultaneous presentation of the light and tone, tone first, and light first. For the latter two conditions, the interstimulus interval was either 0.7 or 2.0 sec. A statistical decision model was developed which distinguished between the perceptual and decision processes. The results analyzed within the framework of this model suggested that the apparent interaction between vision and audition is due to shifts in decision criteria rather than perceptual change.     

上海公众心理健康观的初步调查研究

本研究初步调查了上海公众的心理健康观,发现①上海公众对心理健康的认识总体上与生物心理社会医学模式一致,多数人认识到心理健康的重要性;②公众对心理健康内容及心理异常表现的认识与心理学家的标准近似;③“早期教育和家庭环境”、“生活事件与环境变迁”及“心理冲突”等三项是影响上海公众心理健康的主要因素;④公众对目前心理医生的认可率不高;⑤约三分之二的公众认为自己的心理健康状况良好;⑥提出广泛开展心理健康教育和咨询工作的迫切性。     

RELIGION AND SCIENCE IN DIALOGUE: AN ASIAN CHRISTIAN VIEW

We may understand natural science as part of the attempt by human beings to understand themselves and their place in the world in which they find themselves. In this sense, as Karl Rahner has suggested, natural science flows naturally into anthropology. Consciously or unconsciously, science is always part of the drive to self‐understanding. In an age of religious pluralism like ours, Christian faith in Asia is also brought face to face with the living reality of other religions, and that, too, cannot but affect how we understand our shared humanity.     

想象膨胀范式下错误记忆的老化效应

通过2个实验探究想象膨胀范式下老年人的错误记忆特点及其认知机制。实验1采用经典想象膨胀实验范式, 考察老年人是否会产生比年轻人更大的想象膨胀错误记忆效应; 实验2引入情景特异性诱导技术, 进一步考察老年人的想象膨胀错误记忆可能的认知机制。研究结果表明：(1)老年人与年轻人均表现出显著的想象膨胀错误记忆, 但老年人并没有比年轻人产生更多的错误记忆; (2)当通过情景特异性诱导技术有效增加了老年人在事件想象过程中的内在细节数量后, 老年人的错误记忆显著上升。该结果揭示对事件情景的想象过程是想象膨胀错误记忆发生的关键环节, 老年人没有表现出明显的老化效应, 主要是由于该群体随年龄增长表现出在回忆/想象情景事件时内部细节缺乏这一特征所致。研究结果支持了建构性情景模拟假说和激活/监测理论。     

企业新员工期望的结构和特点

鉴于以往多数研究仅考虑新员工情景期望的不足,本研究同时考虑情景期望和角色表现期望.建立<新员工期望问卷>,并考察了新员工期望的结构特点.研究结果表明:①新员工期望包含四个平行的组成部分:企业期望(包括企业发展和企业回报)、团队期望(包括团队人际关系和团队领导力)、工作期单(包括工作舒服、回报和责任)和自我角色表现期望(包括工作角色、职业角色、团队角色、企业角色和创新角色).②<新员工期望问卷>有良好的结构效度和信度.③不同内容的新员工期望在人口学变量上存在差异.本研究为进一步研究新员工期望与适应的关系奠定了基础.     

师范毕业生师范素质的调查与研究

采用自编问卷对师范毕业生的师范素质进行了调查,结果显示,测量总体在性别方面的方差分析结果无差异显著性。各系毕业生与中小学教师在教育机智、学业诊断、学生管理、教学策略以及总均分上,方差分析结果均呈显著性差异,表明师范毕业生的师范素质训练不容乐观。     

大学生自我和谐与生活应激、生活满意度的相关

本研究探讨大学生生活应激、生活满意度与自我和谐之间的关系。采用SCCS,SLSI和CSLSS对420名大学生进行调查,对数据进行相关分析、多元逐步回归等,得出不同自我和谐程度的大学生在生活应激和生活满意度上差异显著;应激源、应激反应、主、客观生活满意度进入自我和谐的回归方程。因此,大学生生活应激、生活满意度能较好地预测自我和谐。     

Gender differences in adolescent concerns and emotional well-being: perceptions of Singaporean adolescent students

Although much has been written about adolescent adjustment and coping in Western countries, relatively little is known about similar issues in Asia. The authors examined the emotional adjustment of young adolescents in Singapore. They report adolescent concerns and how they influence adaptive functioning and emotional well-being. Data were obtained from three self-report measures: the Adolescent Concerns Measure (R. P Ang, W. H. Chong, V. S. Huan, & L. S. Yeo, in press), selected scales of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children Personality Self-Report (C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1998), and the Emotional Distress Scale of the Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (W. M. Reynolds, 2001). Emotional well-being emerged as a dominant concern for Singaporean youths with significant gender differences. Girls reported a more positive attitude toward school, better friendship skills, and stronger relationships with parents than did boys. However, girls registered significantly greater worries about self and emotional distress compared to boys. The authors discuss implications for teachers and mental health professionals.