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141.
Indirect evidence suggests that the contents of visual working memory may be maintained within sensory areas early in the
visual hierarchy. We tested this possibility using a well-studied motion repulsion phenomenon in which perception of one direction
of motion is distorted when another direction of motion is viewed simultaneously. We found that observers misperceived the
actual direction of motion of a single motion stimulus if, while viewing that stimulus, they were holding a different motion
direction in visual working memory. Control experiments showed that none of a variety of alternative explanations could account
for this repulsion effect induced by working memory. Our findings provide compelling evidence that visual working memory representations
directly interact with the same neural mechanisms as those involved in processing basic sensory events. 相似文献
142.
Sang Eun Woo 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2011,79(2):461-469
This study attempts to clarify conceptual and operational inconsistencies in the literature around “Ghiselli's hobo syndrome.” I propose that defining characteristics of hobo syndrome should include both the exhibition of frequent job movement behavior and positive attitudes about such behavior. This definition effectively differentiates the construct from other similar phenomena associated with frequent job movement (e.g., job/career mobility, protean careers). Using latent class cluster analysis of a diverse sample of 944 U.S. workers, it was empirically validated that a small number of individuals resembling the proposed characteristics of hobos did emerge as a distinct group (N = 42), providing person-centered evidence for the construct validity of hobo syndrome. The dispositional roots of hobo syndrome and work-related outcomes were also explored. It was found that individuals with high levels of openness to experience were likely to exhibit hobo syndrome, whereas impulsivity was not related to such tendency. Also, workers who were more likely to be categorized as hobos tended to report less positive views about their current jobs. Based on these findings, implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
143.
Sang Eun Woo Oleksandr S. Chernyshenko Andrew Longley Zhi-Xue Zhang Chi-Yue Chiu Stephen E. Stark 《Journal of personality assessment》2014,96(1):29-45
Openness to Experience is an important but relatively poorly understood personality construct. Advances in openness research require further construct clarification as well as establishment of a common framework for conceptualizing and measuring the lower level structure of the construct. In this article, we present data from 3 studies to address this research need. In Study 1, we identify 6 facets of Openness to Experience—intellectual efficiency, ingenuity, curiosity, aesthetics, tolerance, and depth—based on a factor analysis of 36 existing Openness-related scales. In Study 2, we present further validity evidence for the 6-facet structure based on a newly developed measure of Openness. Data from this study also suggest the presence of 2 intermediate-level factors (i.e., aspects) of Openness: intellect and culture. In Study 3, we present a short form of the newly developed measure, retaining items that showed the highest internal consistency and measurement invariance across 3 samples: U.S. undergraduates, Chinese MBA students, and Chinese undergraduates. Together these 3 studies offer a more nuanced understanding of the multifaceted nature of the Openness construct. 相似文献
144.
Sang Eun Woo Oleksandr S. Chernyshenko Stephen E. Stark Gabriella Conz 《Journal of personality assessment》2014,96(1):76-86
To illustrate the importance of facet-level investigations in predicting organizational outcomes and the need for more primary studies on this topic, we conducted a meta-analysis that took an exploratory look at differential relationships among 7 organizational criteria and Openness traits varying in breadth. Nine Openness predictors—the global dimension, 2 aspects (intellect and culture), and 6 facets (intellectual efficiency, ingenuity, curiosity, aesthetics, tolerance, and depth)—were examined in relations with various organizational criteria such as traditional performance outcomes (task performance, contextual performance, counterproductive work behavior), turnover, leadership effectiveness, training performance, and adaptive performance. Our results support the idea that Openness facets could exhibit differential validity for many organizational outcomes. 相似文献
145.
Sang Uk Lee 《Journal of religion and health》2004,43(4):273-290
I will investigate in this paper what kind of Weltanschauung Freud suggests. Although Freud argues in the lecture XXXV, The Question of a Weltanschauung (1933), that psychoanalysis is incapable of creating a Weltanschauung of its own, I think that he has a certain Weltanschauung, i.e., the aesthetic worldview, which involves his scientific, psychoanalytic, and artistic principles. Furthermore, I will explicate that Freud's aesthetic worldview is ultimately related to the Weltanschauungen of William James and Paul Ricoeur. I will focus particularly on their terms, sympathetic and poetic, which are the crucial elements that constitute the aesthetic Weltanschauung. Finally, I will briefly present my intention in drawing this aesthetic Weltanschauung. I will conclude that throughout the aesthetic Weltanschauung we may accept that everything is precious, pertinent, and worthy to be viewed as a part and a whole, and as home (Heim). 相似文献
146.
Lee SB 《Psychological reports》2006,98(1):176
Two-sample t test on the mean scores of the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-identity Acculturation Scale showed significant differences between 1.5-generation Korean-American college students (n=71, M=2.4, SD=0.4) and second generation Korean-American college students (n=85, M=3.3, SD=0.4). A two-sample t test on the mean scores by men and women was not significant (women: M=3.0, SD=.6; men: M=2.8, SD= 0.6). 相似文献
147.
Lee SB 《Psychological reports》2005,96(2):454-456
This study examined acculturation as represented in dream narratives of 165 Korean immigrant college students living in the USA. A total of 165 dreams were collected and evaluated using the Lee Acculturation Dream Scale, for which locations of dream contents were coded. 39% of the dreams took place in South Korea, while 38% were in the USA. Also, 16% of the dreams included both locations, whereas 7% had no specific dream location. The dreams contained overlapping dream messages, images, scenes, and interactions in both South Korea and the USA. A two-sample t test on the mean scores of the Lee Acculturation Dream Scale indicated no significant difference between men and women. 相似文献
148.
Four-, five-, and six-year-old Chinese and Canadian boys and girls were presented a series of 11 graphic models and were asked to draw them. Supporting Piaget's theory, the data indicated that drawing performance on the topological dimension was better than the performance on the Euclidean dimension, and that there were neither gender nor cultural differences in performance. The research offers strong support for a main effect of biological or maturational factors as the foundation for the developmental influences in the acquisition of spatial conceptions. 相似文献
149.
Managers are often required to integrate their own forecasts with statistical forecasts. The studies reported in this paper examine the efficacy of allowing people to adjust their own forecasts in the light of statistical forecasts that are provided to them. Three experimental studies varied the reliability of the statistical forecasts and examined the performance of people over time. Issues of the form of the feedback and the use of decision support were also examined. The results unequivocally suggest that the effectiveness of judgemental adjustment depended on the statistical model's reliability and seasonally of time series. However, people had considerable difficulty placing less weight on their own forecasts (compared to the statistical forecasts) and this behaviour became more pronounced over time. Even provision of decision support did not improve performance at the task. 相似文献
150.
上海公众心理健康观的初步调查研究 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
本研究初步调查了上海公众的心理健康观,发现①上海公众对心理健康的认识总体上与生物心理社会医学模式一致,多数人认识到心理健康的重要性;②公众对心理健康内容及心理异常表现的认识与心理学家的标准近似;③“早期教育和家庭环境”、“生活事件与环境变迁”及“心理冲突”等三项是影响上海公众心理健康的主要因素;④公众对目前心理医生的认可率不高;⑤约三分之二的公众认为自己的心理健康状况良好;⑥提出广泛开展心理健康教育和咨询工作的迫切性。 相似文献