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201.
Hershcovis MS Turner N Barling J Arnold KA Dupré KE Inness M LeBlanc MM Sivanathan N 《The Journal of applied psychology》2007,92(1):228-238
The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 57 empirical studies (59 samples) concerning enacted workplace aggression to answer 3 research questions. First, what are the individual and situational predictors of interpersonal and organizational aggression? Second, within interpersonal aggression, are there different predictors of supervisor- and coworker-targeted aggression? Third, what are the relative contributions of individual (i.e., trait anger, negative affectivity, and biological sex) and situational (i.e., injustice, job dissatisfaction, interpersonal conflict, situational constraints, and poor leadership) factors in explaining interpersonal and organizational aggression? Results show that both individual and situational factors predict aggression and that the pattern of predictors is target specific. Implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
202.
Jocelyn L. Kuhn Sandra B. Vanegas Rod Salgado Stephanie K. Borjas Sandy Magaña Leann Smith DaWalt 《Family process》2020,59(2):477-491
During the transition to adulthood, effective and culturally relevant supports are critical for families of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is a dearth of documented program development and research on supports for Spanish-speaking Latino families during this life stage. The present work describes the cultural adaptation process of an evidence-based transition program for Latino families of youth with ASD. A model of the actions necessary to meaningfully conduct a cultural adaptation in this context is described. After implementing the culturally adapted program titled Juntos en la Transición with five Spanish-speaking families, parents reported high social validity of the program through surveys and interviews. The cultural adaptation process followed in this work is important for the further development of programs that address the transition needs of Latino youth with ASD and their families. Our impressions may also be useful to those who aim to develop culturally sensitive and ecologically valid multifamily group intervention programs for families from cultural and linguistic minority groups. 相似文献
203.
Newborns exposed to a randomized sound battery containing speech-like sounds demonstrated a variety of behavioral reactions reflecting individual differences in personality and organization. Subjects who actively searched the environment for stimuli and showed prolonged vigilance episodes scored in the 90th percentile on the Denver Developmental Test when evaluated at later ages. Subjects who were remarked as inhibiting crying during their exposure to the experimental schedule later were described by their parents as “good” babies, while subjects who vocalized their displeasure during exposure were described far less favorably. These findings may have implications for developmental studies of mother-infant interactions. 相似文献
204.
Although mental health professionals frequently work with mothers, the social construction of motherhood is rarely discussed in the counseling field. In this article, the literature on motherhood is reviewed. Intensive mothering expectations are critiqued, and the impact of these expectations on employed mothers, mothers on welfare, and stay‐at‐home mothers is discussed. Suggestions for mental health professionals are provided. 相似文献
205.
Guido Alessandri Gian Vittorio Caprara Nancy Eisenberg Patrizia Steca 《Journal of personality》2009,77(4):1229-1259
ABSTRACT The present study examined the longitudinal relations between individuals' prosociality and their self-efficacy beliefs in regard to emotional regulation and responding empathically to others' needs. The participants were 244 females and 222 males with a mean age of 17 years ( SD =1.5) at T1, 19 years ( SD =1.4) at T2, and 21 years ( SD =1.6) at T3. The findings corroborated the posited paths of relations assigning empathic self-efficacy a major role in predicting the level of individuals' prosociality. Empathic self-efficacy beliefs mediated the relations of regulative emotional self-efficacy beliefs to prosocial tendencies such as caring, sharing, helping, and empathic concern toward others. The posited conceptual model accounted for a significant portion of variance in prosociality and has implications for interventions designed to promote and sustain prosociality. 相似文献
206.
207.
Preoperative psychological distress has been shown to predict both postoperative distress and subsequent cardiac morbidity in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This study assessed the associations between illness perceptions and psychological well-being among 56 patients awaiting CABG surgery using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R). Patient perceptions of their illness as chronic were associated with reduced beliefs in both personal control over illness and efficacy of treatment, and increased perceived consequences of illness in terms of life functioning. In addition, psychological distress regarding illness was significantly correlated with psychological distress in general. Reduced illness coherence was also associated with increased psychological distress. Preoperative psycho-education aimed at helping patients better understand their illness, treatment, and its effects may reduce psychological distress, and perhaps improve future well-being as a result. 相似文献
208.
209.
Zhou Q Hofer C Eisenberg N Reiser M Spinrad TL Fabes RA 《Developmental psychology》2007,43(2):369-385
The developmental trajectories of attention focusing (by parents' and teachers' reports) and attentional and behavioral persistence (observed during a laboratory task)--2 indexes of effortful control--and externalizing problems from ages 5 to 10 years were examined for 356 children combined from a pair of 3-wave (2 years apart) longitudinal studies. The authors identified clusters of children with distinct trajectories for these variables and examined the links between the effortful control trajectories and the externalizing problem trajectories. Although attention focusing remained relatively stable, attentional and behavioral persistence continued to show mean-level changes (especially among the children with lower levels of persistence). Children with high and stable trajectories of effortful control tended to exhibit low and stable trajectories of externalizing problems, whereas those with lower and/or less stable trajectories of effortful control showed more elevated and/or fluctuating trajectories of externalizing problems. 相似文献
210.
Matthew J. Sharps Sandy S. Day Michael A. Nunes Amy Neff Ellen Woo 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2004,22(4):379-393
Research indicates the presence of an age-related pictorial processing deficit, for which the elderly may attempt to compensate
through the use of relational information. Cognitive asynchrony theory, a recent synthetic formulation which unites elements
of the generalized slowing hypothesis, environmental support theory, and the item-specific/relational information distinction,
has proven useful in a number of experiments in explaining these aspects of visual cognitive aging. The present experiments
tested this theoretical formulation under high processing demand conditions in both the relational and the pictorial/item-specific
realm. Young and older adults yielded a complex pattern of results consistent with the cognitive asynchrony synthesis of these
theoretical considerations. The present experiments add to the growing body of findings indicating that the cognitive subsystems
of memory decline at different rates, that the differences in cognitive processing between young and older adults tend to
be more quantitative than qualitative, and that the global age-related memory deficits of popular belief are in fact relatively
circumscribed and specific.
This research was supported by grant AG11605 from the National Institute on Aging, and by a grant from the College of Science
and Mathematics, California State University. 相似文献