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851.
Multiple regression is a widely used technique for data analysis in social and behavioral research. The complexity of interpreting such results increases when correlated predictor variables are involved. Commonality analysis provides a method of determining the variance accounted for by respective predictor variables and is especially useful in the presence of correlated predictors. However, computing commonality coefficients is laborious. To make commonality analysis accessible to more researchers, a program was developed to automate the calculation of unique and common elements in commonality analysis, using the statistical package R. The program is described, and a heuristic example using data from the Holzinger and Swineford (1939) study, readily available in the MBESS R package, is presented. 相似文献
852.
This study tested whether pro-alcohol peer influences and prosocial involvement account for increases in drinking during the transition into emerging adulthood and whether these mechanisms differ depending on college attendance and/or moving away from home. The authors used structural equation modeling of prospective data from 825 young men and women. For 4 groups defined by college and residential status, more drinking in the spring of 12th grade predicted more pro-alcohol peer influences the following fall, and more pro-alcohol peer influences in the fall predicted increases in drinking the following spring. Going to college while living at home was a protective factor against increases in drinking and selection of pro-alcohol peer involvements. Prosocial involvement (measured by involvement in religious activities and volunteer work) was not significantly related to post-high school drinking except among college students living away from home. Prevention efforts should focus on (a) reducing opportunities for heavy drinking for college and noncollege emerging adults as they leave home and (b) increasing prosocial involvement among college students not living at home. 相似文献
853.
Emily Stark Eugene Borgida Anita Kim Brandy Pickens 《Journal of applied social psychology》2008,38(10):2615-2635
The present research examines whether and to what extent the underlying structure of attitudes toward harm reduction and specific reduced‐exposure products contributes to an understanding of public attitudes toward harm reduction. Past research has focused on the extent to which some attitude objects are primarily affective or cognitive. Using survey data from a 5‐state Upper Midwest sample, we tested the relevance of 4 pertinent properties of attitudes for predicting overall attitudes toward tobacco harm reduction: affective and cognitive bases of attitudes; knowledge; experience with smoking and reduced‐harm products; and affective/cognitive consistency. We found that feelings about harm reduction are most predictive of overall attitudes toward harm reduction and specific reduced‐harm products. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
854.
Jungsik Kim 《Journal of applied social psychology》2008,38(11):2821-2858
Focusing on the subjective perception of scope, pace, and evaluation of social change, this study investigated how social change is related to psychological well‐being. A theoretical model based on the transactional model of stress was built and tested with the data drawn from Korea using structural equation modeling. The results illustrate that the perceived scope and pace of social change were negatively related to psychological well‐being through the mediation of the evaluation of social change, which also mediated the relationship between coping resources and psychological well‐being. Coping resources also buffered the influence of perceived social change on psychological well‐being. The findings suggest that the subjective perception of social change is a crucial stress factor in understanding psychological well‐being. 相似文献
855.
Shin K. Kim 《Journal of religion and health》2008,47(2):253-262
An antiseptic religion is a form of Protestant Christianity that was shaped in the context of colonization in Korea. This
term was coined to explain a religious hybrid that was produced by the intermingling of American Evangelical Protestant Christianity,
the concept of hygiene (germ theory) and indigenous Korean religiosity. This research deals with a historical process of making
‘a medicalized religion’ in Asia from a perspective of postcolonialism. Most of the early American Protestant missionaries
in Korea were medical doctors who were influenced by the Germ theory of illness and considered Western medicine as an efficient
tool to evangelize the country. As a result of their mission, a religious culture which emphasized washing away sins from
the soul as analogous to washing away germs from the body was born. In addition, the Korean people developed a very unique
form of public bathing ritual centered in the development of public baths to alleviate anxiety and to destabilize the solid
strategies of the Japanese and the Americans, the two major colonial powers in Korea’s history in the late 19th century.
相似文献
Shin K. KimEmail: |
856.
Micaela Szykman Anne L. Engh Russell C. Van Horn Erin E. Boydston Kim T. Scribner Kay E. Holekamp 《Aggressive behavior》2003,29(5):457-474
Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are gregarious carnivores. The females are socially dominant to males, and adult males rarely direct aggression toward adult females. This study analyzed all cases in which adult immigrant males behaved aggressively toward adult females in a large population of free‐living hyenas in Kenya, observed for 11 years. Our goals were to describe the conditions under which male attacks on females occur, and address possible adaptive functions. Most aggression directed by adult immigrant males against females occurred when coalitions of two or more males attacked a single adult female, who typically responded by defending herself and fighting back. Male aggression against females frequently occurred at sites of ungulate kills, but males never behaved aggressively toward females over food, and all male attacks on females were unprovoked. Although no mounting or other copulatory behaviors ever occurred during or immediately after an attack, the number of male attacks on females peaked around the time of conception. Daily rates at which males attacked females did not vary with female social rank. However, daily attack rates did vary significantly with female reproductive state, and the highest rates of male attack on females were observed during the two stages of the reproductive cycle during which females were most likely to conceive litters. The adaptive significance of male aggression against females in this species remains unknown, but a tight association between male attacks on females and a female's time of conception provides strong evidence of some role for male aggression in hyena sexual behavior. In particular, our data are consistent with hypotheses suggesting that male aggression toward females in this species either serves to inform females about male fitness or represents sexual harassment. Aggr. Behav. 29:457–474, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
857.
Counselor's multicultural counseling competence (attitudes/beliefs, knowledge, and skills) has been highlighted as an important ingredient in creating positive counseling outcomes when the clients are ethnic and racial minorities. The use of experiential activities in general, and games in particular, is presented as a potentially useful strategy to instill and enhance multicultural competence in counselor trainees. Illustrative games and guidelines for implementation are described. 相似文献
858.
Bryan S. K. Kim Christopher T. H. Liang Lisa C. Li 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2003,81(2):202-207
Five Asian American and 5 European American female counselors each saw 3 Asian American volunteer clients for 1 session of career‐focused individual counseling. Examination of counselor nonverbal behaviors revealed that European American counselors displayed significantly greater frequency of adaptors, postural shifts, and smiles than did Asian American counselors. The frequency of smiles was significantly positively correlated with client‐rated session positivity and session arousal, and the frequency of postural shifts was significantly positively correlated with client‐rated session arousal. Limitations and implications of the findings are described. 相似文献
859.
Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate the Relationship Between Psychological Climate and Job Satisfaction? 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Sally A. Carless 《Journal of business and psychology》2004,18(4):405-425
This study tested a model in which empowerment was hypothesised to mediate the relationship between psychological climate and job satisfaction. Individual levels of negative affectivity were controlled for. The sample consisted of 174 customer service employees (59% female and 39% male). Support was found for a model in which empowerment mediated the relationship between climate and job satisfaction, the dimensions of meaning and competence were largely responsible for the mediating effects of empowerment. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings were explored. 相似文献
860.
Given recent attention to emotion regulation as a potentially unifying function of diverse symptom presentations, there is
a need for comprehensive measures that adequately assess difficulties in emotion regulation among adults. This paper (a) proposes
an integrative conceptualization of emotion regulation as involving not just the modulation of emotional arousal, but also
the awareness, understanding, and acceptance of emotions, and the ability to act in desired ways regardless of emotional state;
and (b) begins to explore the factor structure and psychometric properties of a new measure, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation
Scale (DERS). Two samples of undergraduate students completed questionnaire packets. Preliminary findings suggest that the
DERS has high internal consistency, good test–retest reliability, and adequate construct and predictive validity.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献