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111.
Predicting Romantic Interest at Zero Acquaintance: Evidence of Sex Differences in Trait Perception but Not in Predictors of Interest 下载免费PDF全文
Sally G. Olderbak Frederic Malter Pedro Sofio Abril Wolf Daniel N. Jones Aurelio José Figueredo 《欧洲人格杂志》2017,31(1):42-62
We evaluated five competing hypotheses about what predicts romantic interest. Through a half‐block quasi‐experimental design, a large sample of young adults (i.e. responders; n = 335) viewed videos of opposite‐sex persons (i.e. targets) talking about themselves, and responders rated the targets' traits and their romantic interest in the target. We tested whether similarity, dissimilarity or overall trait levels on mate value, physical attractiveness, life history strategy and the Big Five personality factors predicted romantic interest at zero acquaintance and whether sex acted as a moderator. We tested the responders' individual perception of the targets' traits, in addition to the targets' own self‐reported trait levels and a consensus rating of the targets made by the responders. We used polynomial regression with response surface analysis within multilevel modelling to test support for each of the hypotheses. Results suggest a large sex difference in trait perception; when women rated men, they agreed in their perception more often than when men rated women. However, as a predictor of romantic interest, there were no sex differences. Only the responders' perception of the targets' physical attractiveness predicted romantic interest; specifically, responders' who rated the targets' physical attractiveness as higher than themselves reported more romantic interest. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
112.
With few exceptions or at the very least cautions (cf. Burlingame, MacKenzie & Strauss, 2003) group psychotherapy has proven
to be an effective and efficient treatment for a number of psychological disorders (Burlingame, Kapetanovic, & Ross, 2005).
This article will briefly describe a theory that underlies successful group therapies. In addition, certain group processes—those
elements that occur during the group itself that appear to be necessary conditions for improved patient outcomes—will also
be addressed, although unfortunately, the sufficient conditions tying moment-to-moment process to actual outcome (improved
patient functioning by the end of therapy, and at 6-month follow-up, for instance) are not quite as easily delineated. A closer
study of the group therapeutic factor cohesion will be utilized as an example of these practice and research dilemmas. Finally,
suggestions for future directions, which might more clearly uncover important connections between process and outcome, are
addressed. 相似文献
113.
When people are engaged in a skilled behavior, such as occurs in sports, their perceptions relate optical information to their
performance. In the present research, we demonstrate the effects of performance on size perception in golfers. We found that
golfers who played better judged the hole to be bigger than did golfers who did not play as well. In follow-up laboratory
experiments, participants putted on a golf mat from a location near or far from the hole and then judged the size of the hole.
Participants who putted from the near location perceived the hole to be bigger than did participants who putted from the far
location. Our results demonstrate that perception is influenced by the perceiver’s current ability to act effectively in the
environment. 相似文献
114.
A variety of subject variables have been proposed as having predictive value for determining cerebral organization. Subject variables proposed as likely candidates include strength of handedness, familial sinistrality, writing posture, and sex. The present study examined the interrelationships among these variables by means of a questionnaire given to 847 undergraduates. 相似文献
115.
Jodi J. Frey PhD Philip J. Osteen PhD Tanya L. Sharpe PhD Amanda O. Mosby MA Thomas Joiner PhD Brian Ahmedani PhD Derek Iwamoto PhD Boyoung Nam PhD Sally Spencer-Thomas PsyD Jungyai Ko PhD Orrin D. Ware MSW Rachel Imboden MSW Michelle M. Cornette PhD Jon Gilgoff MSW 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2023,53(1):137-153
116.
Sally A Carless Kate Robertson James Willy Michelle Hart Sithat Chea 《Australian psychologist》2012,47(3):156-164
We know little about what determines an effective placement experience, yet vocational placements are an integral part of many professional degree programmes. The aim of this research was to examine the influence of job (task variety, task identity, task significance, feedback, and autonomy) and supervisor (relationship quality and mentoring) characteristics on placement outcomes. The findings were tested on samples from two professions for which placement were a compulsory part of their course. Sample 1 consisted of 266 undergraduate nurses, and sample 2 consisted of 176 postgraduate psychologists. The findings showed that job and supervisor characteristics explained unique variance in professional development and placement satisfaction. Of the five job characteristics examined, skill variety, feedback from the job, and task significance influenced placement outcomes. Mentoring emerged as the most important supervisor characteristic that was associated with professional development and placement satisfaction, and to a slightly less extent, supervisor–student relationship quality was also important. The research and practical implications of the findings were discussed. 相似文献
117.
Norris D Butterfield S McQueen JM Cutler A 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2006,59(9):1505-1515
Participants made visual lexical decisions to upper-case words and nonwords, and then categorized an ambiguous N-H letter continuum. The lexical decision phase included different exposure conditions: Some participants saw an ambiguous letter "?", midway between N and H, in N-biased lexical contexts (e.g., REIG?), plus words with unambiguous H (e.g., WEIGH); others saw the reverse (e.g., WEIG?, REIGN). The first group categorized more of the test continuum as N than did the second group. Control groups, who saw "?" in nonword contexts (e.g., SMIG?), plus either of the unambiguous word sets (e.g., WEIGH or REIGN), showed no such subsequent effects. Perceptual learning about ambiguous letters therefore appears to be based on lexical knowledge, just as in an analogous speech experiment (Norris, McQueen, & Cutler, 2003) which showed similar lexical influence in learning about ambiguous phonemes. We argue that lexically guided learning is an efficient general strategy available for exploitation by different specific perceptual tasks. 相似文献
118.
Laura?CretiEmail author Eva?Libman Sally?Bailes Catherine?S.?Fichten 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2005,12(2):153-164
Effectiveness of two modified stimulus control insomnia interventions plus daily sleep self-monitoring for managing insomnia was investigated in a community sample of older adults. Significant post intervention improvement was observed in both interventions as well as in a self-monitoring only control condition. This unexpected finding led us to question the role of self-monitoring as a potential mediator of therapeutic change. Therefore, we compared long-term follow-up data from treated participants to data from similarly poor sleepers who only completed the questionnaire battery at Pre-test and long term follow-up, with no intervening treatment or self-monitoring. Both groups of poor sleepers reduced their reported amount of nocturnal wakefulness. However, only treated participants improved on their perceived frequency of insomnia episodes and insomnia-related distress. Our findings have implications both for the definition and the treatment of insomnia. 相似文献
119.
Levels of processing effects on implicit and explicit memory tasks: using question position to investigate the lexical-processing hypothesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
One interpretation of levels of processing effects (LOP) on priming in implicit tests of memory is in terms of deficits in lexical processing during shallow study tasks. In two experiments the extent of lexical processing engaged in during standard shallow encoding tasks was manipulated by placing the encoding question either before or after the target stimulus. Clear evidence was found in explicit memory tasks that placing the question after the target stimulus increased the depth of processing of words presented in shallow encoding tasks. In contrast, there was no evidence of such an effect on the priming observed in implicit memory tasks. The results suggest that the role of lexical processing in LOP effects on priming requires further specification. 相似文献
120.
As part of the Women's Health Initiative Study, the 5-item Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS) was developed. This article summarizes the development of the scale through the use of responses from 66,269 postmenopausal women (mean age = 62.07 years, SD = 7.41 years). All women completed a 10-item questionnaire concerning sleep. A novel resampling technique was introduced as part of the data analysis. Principal-axes factor analysis without iteration and rotation to a varimax solution was conducted for 120,000 random samples of 1,000 women each. Use of this strategy led to the development of a scale with a highly stable factor structure. Structural equation modeling revealed no major differences in factor structure across age and race-ethnic groups. WHIIRS norms for race-ethnicity and age subgroups are detailed. 相似文献