坚定走好新时代伊斯兰教与社会主义社会相适应道路

党的十九届五中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》明确提出"全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针,积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应"。这是以习近平同志为核心的党中央,在我国开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程、向第二个百年目标进军的新阶段,给我国宗教指明的根本方向,提出的殷切期望,我们将认真学习领会。     

“I can’t cope seeing my kids … hearing these kinds of prayers.” Parents’ rationale for choosing state-funded Muslim schools in the Republic of Ireland: an ethnographic study

ABSTRACT

The population of Muslims living in the Republic of Ireland has increased significantly in recent years. Despite Muslims being one of the fastest growing minorities in the country, there is a paucity of research on the educational choices of Muslim parents. This study draws on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2013 and 2014. Based on semi-structured interviews, this article focuses on the views of Muslim parents and teachers from two Muslim state-funded primary schools in Ireland. The interviews revealed that, for most parents, the schools’ Islamic ethos was an underlying motivation for enrolling their children at Muslim schools. The findings also demonstrate the negative reasons of their choices, such as the lack of accommodation and the feelings of isolation they and their children experienced in non-Muslim schools, which further heightens the perception that Muslim schools in Ireland act as safe environments that protect the cultural and religious identities of Muslim children. The article concludes with some considerations for future research.     

Becoming a Male Client of Compensated Dating

This study explores men’s experiences in compensated dating (CD), particularly their process of becoming a client of CD in Hong Kong. By drawing on 30 individual interviews with male clients, cyber-ethnography of a major CD on-line forum, informal conversations with CD participants, off-line participant observations, and the sparse literature available on this under-examined social phenomenon, we also analyze men’s subjective understandings of being a client, of CD providers, and of CD itself, which influence men’s CD experiences and condom use behavior. Finally, this study sheds light on the contemporary issues of masculinity and sexuality in Hong Kong.     

关注儿童群体性癔病

什么是群体性癔病?简单一点讲,群体性癔病是一种由强烈情绪反应或心理暗示激发的急性流行性精神障碍,多见于情绪不稳定的青少年。在儿童中更易发生,这是因为,此年龄的人心理的适应能力与体格的发育明显不同步而很容易造成精神和心理上的异常。这种疾病是时有发生的,国外如此,在我国也不例外。例如,在我国湖北省某一小学校就曾发生过群体性癔病发作的事情:在这所学校,为了预防儿童的碘钙缺乏等,校方的一些人让学生们购买国内一家企业生产的碘钙营养片,并且,每天服用一片,一个疗程需要服用60天。全校共有140人服用了此药,均为3～4年级的小学生…     

The effects of being spurned and self-esteem on depersonalization and coping preferences in kindergarten teachers: the case of Hong Kong

The primary objective of this study was to examine, based on a model of spurned helpers’ reactions: (a) the degrees to which kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong, China, experienced recurrent rejections of their offers of help (being spurned) by peer teachers; (b) whether being spurned by peers would induce depersonalization; (c) the ways teachers with higher or lower self-esteem coped with recurrent rejection; and (d) effects of coping in reducing depersonalization. A sample of serving kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong participated in the study. Their levels of self-esteem were first measured. Five months afterwards the extent to which they were spurned by their peers and the way they coped with such rejections were assessed. Another 5 months later the degrees to which they experienced depersonalization were measured. The results showed (a) that the teachers were fairly spurned; (b) that the more spurned the teachers were, the more depersonalized they were towards their peers; and (c) teachers with higher self-esteem and teachers with lower self-esteem coped with being spurned in different ways. The findings suggest that kindergarten teachers should be aware of recurrent rejection of their offers of help by peer workers and also the adverse effects of such rejection, and that administrators should provide training to teachers to assist them to deal with recurrent rejection of help by peers.     

社会距离对他人行为表征的影响:评价内容效价的作用

心理距离的建构水平理论认为,人与人之间的亲密度具有心理距离特性(即社会距离),人们对心理上远距离的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用高水平建构,而对心理上近距离的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用低水平建构。本研究以特质性和行动性行为描述句子为实验材料,通过两个实验考察了社会距离(亲密舍友/公选课上认识的同性同学)对他人正性和负性行为评价的影响,以探讨评价内容效价对于建构水平的心理距离效应的调节作用。实验结果发现:(1)随着社会距离的延伸,被试对社会远距离他人的正性行为更倾向于高水平的特质性表征,但在负性行为上未获得明确的类似效应;(2)相对于社会远距离他人,被试对社会近距离他人正性行为和负性行为的评价分数均较高,提示人际熟悉度对他人行为的表征具有一定的调节作用。     

过去时间距离对自我行为表征的影响

建构水平理论认为,人们对心理上远距离(如远期过去)的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用高水平建构,而对心理上近距离(如近期过去)的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用低水平建构。本研究以特质性和行动性行为描述句子为实验材料,通过两个实验考察了过去时间距离对自我正性行为和负性行为的表征特征的影响。实验结果发现:(1)相对于近期过去,被试对远期过去自我的正性行为更倾向于特质性表征,但在负性行为上未获得明确的类似效应;(2)相对于远期过去的自我行为,个体对近期过去的自我行为倾向于负性表征,提示被试对近期过去自我的满意度较低和对未来自我提升的心理期待。     

Dog–human social relationship: representation of human face familiarity and emotions in the dog brain

Animal Cognition - This study investigated the behavioral and neural indices of detecting facial familiarity and facial emotions in human faces by dogs. Awake canine fMRI was used to evaluate...     

工作记忆表征的激活与抑制状态对注意引导效应的影响

本研究采用双任务范式, 通过定向遗忘任务操纵工作记忆表征状态, 分别在目标无关和目标相关条件下考察工作记忆激活与抑制状态对视觉搜索早期注意引导效应的影响。实验1与实验2发现当工作记忆表征只可能与视觉搜索分心物匹配时(目标无关条件), 处于激活状态的工作记忆表征会引导视觉注意偏向到与之匹配的分心物, 表现出注意引导效应, 而处于抑制状态的工作记忆表征则没有观察到注意引导效应。实验3与实验4发现, 当工作记忆表征有可能与视觉搜索目标匹配时(目标相关条件), 处于激活状态的工作记忆表征能捕获注意, 而处于抑制状态的工作记忆表征只有与视觉搜索目标匹配时, 才表现出对该搜索目标反应的延迟。这些研究的结果表明(1)处于激活状态的工作记忆表征能有效地引导注意偏向到与之匹配的搜索目标或分心物, 并且这种注意引导效应并未受到抑制动机的影响而被消除或反转; (2)处于抑制状态的工作记忆表征能将抑制状态传递到视觉搜索阶段, 并延迟对与之匹配的搜索目标的反应。