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931.
Y. K. Kwan 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2010,11(3):383-393
Self-assessed health in four items of the Health Related Quality of Life Scale, overall health, physical health, mental health,
and activity limitation, and perceived life satisfaction in six domains of the Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction
Scale, overall life, family life, friendships, school experience, myself, and where I live were examined among 4,502 Chinese
adolescent secondary school students in Hong Kong. Relative to the US adolescents in Youth Risk Behavior Survey the Hong Kong
adolescents had very low levels of self-assessed health and life satisfaction. Among the different domains, family and school
life were associated with the lowest satisfaction level. There were strong male advantages in self-assessed health and migrant
disadvantages in life satisfaction. Age was negatively related to both health and life satisfaction. Two-parent family was
a positive factor for adolescents’ quality of life but economic well-being was not a relevant factor. 相似文献
932.
In this article, a framework is suggested to deal with the analysis of global environmental risk governance. Climate Change
is taken as a particular form of contemporary environmental risk, and mobilised to refine and characterize some salient aspects
of new governance challenges. A governance framework is elaborated along three basic features: (1) a close relationship with
science, (2) an in-built reflexivity, and (3) forms of governmentality. The UNFCCC-centered system is then assessed according
to this three-tier framework. While the two-first requisites are largely met, the analysis of governmentality points to some
institutional weak spots. 相似文献
933.
In representational momentum (RM), the final position of a moving target is mislocalized in the direction of motion. Here, the effect of a concurrent sound on visual RM was demonstrated. A visual stimulus moved horizontally and disappeared at unpredictable positions. A complex tone without any motion cues was presented continuously from the beginning of the visual motion. As compared with a silent condition, the RM magnitude increased when the sound lasted longer than and decreased when it did not last as long as the visual motion. However, the RM was unchanged when a brief complex tone was presented before or after the target disappeared (Experiment 2) or when the onset of the long-lasting sound was not synchronized with that of the visual motion (Experiments 3 and 4). These findings suggest that visual motion representation can be modulated by a sound if the visual motion information is firmly associated with the auditory information. 相似文献
934.
The present study has investigated the occurrence of body image dissatisfaction among adolescent schoolgirls in Amman, Jordan, and the risk factors that are known to predispose it including individual, familial and social variables. A sample of 326 adolescent girls aged 10–16 years was recruited from public and private schools in Amman. Participants completed a socio-demographic data sheet, eating attitude test, and body shape questionnaire. Approximately, 21.2% of participants displayed body image dissatisfaction in which physical changes associated with puberty and exhibiting negative eating attitudes were associated with this dissatisfaction. Additionally, mass media messages, as well as peers and family pressures towards thinness were associated with participants’ preoccupation with their body image. In conclusion, negative body image perception was observed in the present sample. Therefore, well-controlled prospective studies and development of intervention programs on body image among adolescent girls in Jordan are needed. 相似文献
935.
Christopher J. Preston Maxim Y. Sheinin Denyse J. Sproat Vimal P. Swarup 《Nanoethics》2010,4(1):13-26
A great deal has been made of the question of whether nano-materials provide a unique set of ethical challenges. Equally important
is the question of whether they provide a unique set of regulatory challenges. In the last 18 months, the US Environmental
Protection Agency has begun the process of trying to meet the regulatory challenge of nano using the Toxic Substances Control
Act (1976)(TSCA). In this central piece of legislation, ‘newness’ is a critical concept. Current EPA policy, we argue, does
not adequately (or ethically) deal with the novelty of nano. This paper is an exploration of how to do a better job of accounting
for nanomaterials as ‘new.’ We explore three alternative ways that nanomaterials might be made to fall under the TSCA regulatory
umbrella. Since nanomaterials are of interest precisely because of the exciting new properties that emerge at the nano-scale,
each of these three alternatives must meet what we call the ‘novelty condition’ and avoid what we call the ‘central paradox’
of existing regulatory policy. Failure to meet either of these conditions is a moral failure. We examine both the strengths
and weaknesses of each alternative in order to illuminate the conceptual, practical, and moral challenges of novelty. 相似文献
936.
Despite growing attention to problems associated with girls’ and women's viewing unrealistic portrayals of women in advertising, little research has identified positive consequences of presenting larger sized females in advertisements. The present research examined these positive effects and found that instructions that support the use of larger sized females in ads (relative to a more traditional instructional frame) heightened adolescent girls’ ratings of the larger sized models’ attractiveness, self‐attractiveness, and self‐esteem without changing girls’ ratings of thinner sized models. General and valenced self‐referencing (positive and negative self‐thoughts while viewing the ads) were examined as potential mediators of the instructional effects on self‐attractiveness and self‐esteem. The findings provide evidence that girls’ perceptions can be altered in a positive manner through media images of women. 相似文献
937.
The two experiments reported in the present paper concern (i) the differential imagery value of French and Creole and (ii) the influence of language on the recall of sequences of patterned movements in a bilingual population. Creole words were obtained a higher imagery value than French words, certainly because Creole is an oral and vernacular language. Motor recall scores were better when the sequence was presented in Creole compared to French. The generation of visual images by Creole would facilitate the memorization and recall of new sequences of movements. The effect of language on imagery value of words and motor recall among bilingual French-Creole subjects was discussed in terms of nature of information encoding in each language. 相似文献
938.
Three studies tested the valence-framing effect: that merely conceptualizing one's preferences as opposing something will make that preference more resistant to persuasion than will thinking about the same preference in terms of supporting something . In Study 1, participants who were led to conceptualize their political preferences as being against a candidate were more resistant to a counterattitudinal message than were participants who were led to conceptualize the same preference as being in favor of the other candidate. Study 2 showed that this effect was not due to a priming process, while Study 3 provided evidence for the effect's generalizability. 相似文献
939.
Abstract. The study of the relationship between religion and health has grown substantially in the past decade. There is little doubt that religion plays an important role in many people's lives and that this has an impact on their health. The question is how researchers and clinicians can best evaluate the available information and how we can improve upon the current findings. In this essay we review the current knowledge regarding religion and health and also critically review issues pertaining to methodology, findings, and interpretation of these studies. It is important to maintain a rigorous perspective with regard to such studies and also to recognize inherent limitations and suggest constructive ways in which to advance this field of study. In the end, such an approach can provide new information that will improve our understanding of the overall relationship between religion and health. 相似文献
940.
THE NEUROSCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL PHENOMENA: OR WHY GOD DOESN'T USE BIOSTATISTICS
Abstract. With the rapidly expanding field of neuroscience research exploring religious and spiritual phenomena, there have been many perspectives as to the validity, importance, relevance, and need for such research. In this essay we review the studies that have contributed to our current understanding of the neuropsychology of religious phenomena. We focus on methodological issues to determine which areas have been weaknesses and strengths in the current studies. This area of research also poses important theological and epistemological questions that require careful consideration if both the religious and scientific elements are to be appropriately respected. The best way to evaluate this field is to determine the methodological issues that currently affect the field and explore how best to address such issues so that future investigations can be as robust as possible and can become more mainstream in both the religious and the scientific arenas. 相似文献