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51.
This paper discusses the behavior modification technique of charting as a double-bind communication. Though the procedure was initially employed as a step in demonstrating operant conditioning ( 7 ) and later in diagnosis of the antecedents and consequences maintaining undesired behavior ( 8 ), it also proved one of the more powerful therapeutic interventions. Literature reviews on treatment programs for obesity ( 6 ) and behavioral approaches to marital therapy ( 2 ) support this contention. Its efficacy can be explained by integrating the viewpoints of behaviorist and family therapy approaches espoused by Haley ( 4 ) and Weakland et al . ( 9 ). Following are brief case reports in which charting resulted in quick and sometimes dramatic change. 相似文献
52.
A Meta-Analysis of Research on Protection Motivation Theory 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
DONNA L. FLOYD STEVEN PRENTICE-DUNN RONALD W. ROGERS 《Journal of applied social psychology》2000,30(2):407-429
This article reports the first meta-analysis of the literature on protection motivation theory (Rogers, 1975, 1983; Rogers & Prentice-Dunn, 1997), a model of disease prevention and health promotion that has generated research for over two decades. The literature review included 65 relevant studies ( N = approximately 30,000) that represented over 20 health issues. The mean overall effect size ( d += 0.52) was of moderate magnitude. In general, increases in threat severity, threat vulnerability, response efficacy, and self-efficacy facilitated adaptive intentions or behaviors. Conversely, decreases in maladaptive response rewards and adaptive response costs increased adaptive intentions or behaviors. This held true whether the measures were based on intentions or behaviors, and suggests that PMT components may be useful for individual and community interventions. 相似文献
53.
PROGRAM COMMITMENT: A MULTI-STUDY LONGITUDINAL FIELD INVESTIGATION OF ITS IMPACT AND ANTECEDENTS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Increasingly, human resource professionals are being challenged to manage organizational programs that have proliferated in the wake of continual pressure to respond to competition and environmental change. This research examines program commitment, that is, an employee's commitment to an organizational program, and investigates its association with important organizational outcomes and a set of potential antecedents in 2 longitudinal field studies. In the first study, program commitment was positively related to participation in the program and program-related performance. In the second study, organizational commitment, change efficacy, and teamwork orientation were supported as antecedents to program commitment. 相似文献
54.
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL: MEASUREMENT AND RELATIONSHIP WITH PERFORMANCE AND SATISFACTION 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
FRED LUTHANS BRUCE J. AVOLIO JAMES B. AVEY STEVEN M. NORMAN 《Personnel Psychology》2007,60(3):541-572
Two studies were conducted to analyze how hope, resilience, optimism, and efficacy individually and as a composite higher-order factor predicted work performance and satisfaction. Results from Study 1 provided psychometric support for a new survey measure designed to assess each of these 4 facets, as well as a composite factor. Study 2 results indicated a significant positive relationship regarding the composite of these 4 facets with performance and satisfaction. Results from Study 2 also indicated that the composite factor may be a better predictor of performance and satisfaction than the 4 individual facets. Limitations and practical implications conclude the article. 相似文献
55.
PAUL E. SPECTOR TAMMY D. ALLEN STEVEN A. Y. POELMANS LAURENT M. LAPIERRE CARY L. COOPER MICHAEL O'DRISCOLL JUAN I. SANCHEZ NUREYA ABARCA MATILDA ALEXANDROVA BARBARA BEHAM PAULA BROUGH PABLO FERREIRO GUILLERMO FRAILE CHANG-QIN LU LUO LU IVONNE MORENO-VELÁZQUEZ MILAN PAGON HOREA PITARIU VOLODYMYR SALAMATOV SATORU SHIMA ALEJANDRA SUAREZ SIMONI OI LING SIU MARIA WIDERSZAL-BAZYL 《Personnel Psychology》2007,60(4):805-835
A study of work interference with family (WIF) among managers is described, contrasting four clusters of countries, one of which is individualistic (Anglo) and three of which are collectivistic (Asia, East Europe, and Latin America). Country cluster (Anglo vs. each of the others) moderated the relation of work demands with strain-based WIF, with the Anglo country cluster having the strongest relationships. Country cluster moderated some of the relationships of strain-based WIF with both job satisfaction and turnover intentions, with Anglos showing the strongest relationships. Cluster differences in domestic help were ruled out as the possible explanation for these moderator results. 相似文献
56.
In this longitudinal study of the transition to parenthood, couples reported on their own conflict resolution tactics and their perceptions of their partners' tactics. Their reports were analyzed in terms of their own and their partners' attachment styles. The results showed that more anxious and more avoidant persons used less effective conflict resolution styles. They showed that both actor and partner attachment styles were related to conflict resolution tactics. They also showed that in some cases less avoidant and less anxious persons showed improvement over time, using fewer ineffective and more effective resolution tactics. More avoidant and more anxious individuals, in contrast, showed little improvement and in some cases even showed decline over time. 相似文献
57.
KIMBERLY K. MERRIMAN JOHN MASLYN STEVEN M. FARMER 《Journal of applied social psychology》2012,42(4):850-873
The present study longitudinally assesses fairness allocation rule importance and equity allocation preference under conditions of evolving team trust. We predicted an interchangeable relationship between trust and allocation rules using an uncertainty management theory framework ( Lind & Van den Bos, 2002 ; Van den Bos & Lind, 2002 ). From an interindividual perspective, lower initial trust toward team members predicted a higher degree of importance for the use of preferred allocation rules and greater use of the equity heuristic. An intraindividual change in trust predicted an inverse change in use of the equity heuristic, but not the expected change in allocation rule importance. Implications of these results for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
58.
THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES ON EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT: A MULTILEVEL INVESTIGATION 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Organizations are concerned with the impact organizational change can have on both individuals' response to the change itself and their ongoing relationship with the organization. This study investigated how organizational changes in 32 different organizations (public and private) affected individuals' commitment to the specific change and their broader commitment to the organization. The results indicate that both types of commitment may be best understood in terms of a 3-way interaction between the overall favorableness (positive/negative) of the change for the work unit members, the extent of the change in the work unit, and the impact of the change on the individual's job. In addition, the fairness of the change process was found to interact with the effects of work unit change on organizational commitment. The implications of these results for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
59.
STEVEN E. BARKAN 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2006,45(3):407-417
A growing body of literature finds an inverse association between religiosity and several types of deviant behavior. Although studies of adolescent sexuality form a large part of this literature, it is not clear that their results necessarily pertain to adults. This study examines the relationship between religiosity and the number of sexual partners among never-married adults in pooled samples of the General Social Survey. The major findings indicate that religiosity reduces the number of partners and does so partly because of moral disapproval of premarital sex. Additional analyses address whether the inverse association between religiosity and number of partners varies across gender and race categories. Final remarks address the theoretical importance of the findings and outline areas for further research. 相似文献
60.
A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WORK-FAMILY STRESSORS, WORKING HOURS, AND WELL-BEING: CHINA AND LATIN AMERICA VERSUS THE ANGLO WORLD 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1