熟人关系的道德审视

我国传统人际关系是以熟人为主的社会关系,这种人际关系是与生产力不发达的自然经济和宗法家族社会结构相适应的,具有明显的双重道德特征,在当今社会经济生活中日益显示出其局限性改革开放的深入和市场经济的发展正促使我国传统熟人关系向生人关系转变,必然要求人们养成平等待人、宽容博爱、理性自觉、公私分明的道德观念和相应的道德行为模式。     

张宇初的美学思想蠡测

张宇初不仅是正一派第四十三代天师,地位煊赫,而且其思想也非常深刻,对他的思想进行多角度的研究和分析,是非常必要的.在占有大量的资料的情况下,本文从美学角度对其思想进行了研究,并把他放在美学发展史的角度,进行了较为客观的评价.     

农村选民选举行为的结构特征

以云南省两个县八个自然村的 2 62名选民为被试 ,采用心理测量原理与技术探讨了农村选民选举行为的结构特征。结果表明 ,政见取向由“政策效应”、“民生意识”、“村民权益”和“监督机制”4个因素构成 ,非政见取向由“候选人身份”、“候选人德能”、“选民社会关系”、“候选人背景”、“选民自我利益”、“选民自我权利”和“政党意见”7个因素构成。经检验 ,由此构成的农村选举行为问卷具有较高的内部一致性 ,问卷项目具有较高的区分度。文章讨论了农村选民选举行为的结构特征及其意义。     

智力落后的成因--当代智力理论新解

智力落后的成因历来存在争论。本文在当代复杂系统智力理论的视野之下．从Sternberg的三元智力理论和Das的PASS模型入手,分析了智力落后本质及成因的新解．揭示了智力落后理论研究的认知心理学新走向。     

Effect of brand name on consumers' risk perceptions of online shopping

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between brand names and consumers' perceived risk. Hypotheses dealt with whether the presence of a product's brand name affects consumers' perceived risk towards shopping online; whether the familiarity with a brand name influences consumers' perceived risk; and whether online shoppers and non‐shoppers perceive risk towards shopping online differently. Results indicate that the presence or absence of a product's brand name affects online shoppers' perceived risk, but in the opposite direction to that expected. There was no significant difference between online shoppers' perceived risk vis‐à‐vis brand familiarity; however, online shoppers possessed lower perceived risk than non‐shoppers. Implications and limitations are discussed and recommendations for future research are provided. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications Ltd.     

维-汉-英三语者三种语言语义通达模型的实验研究

以维吾尔族大学生为研究对象,采用跨语言启动条件下的真假词汇判断任务,变换启动词与目标词的关系类型和语言种类,考察了L2—L1、L3—L1、L3—L2等三种语言词汇之间的语义通达模式。结果发现,维-汉-英三语者的三种语言词汇之间的联结模式为熟练的第二语言词汇是直接通达语义;而非熟练的第三语言词汇既借助母语词汇又借助汉语词汇来通达语义。除此之外,被试的外语熟练水平和语言间的相似性是影响外语词汇通达语义的主要原因。     

Are people always more risk averse after disasters? Surveys after a heavy snow‐hit and a major earthquake in China in 2008

China suffered both a heavy snow‐hit and a major earthquake in 2008. To investigate the effects of disasters on risky decision making, opportunity samples were obtained by recruiting residents in both devastated and non‐devastated areas. In a survey (Study 1) conducted shortly after the heavy snow‐hit, we found that people were not always more risk averse after a disaster as previous studies had claimed and that they were inclined to approach an option with ‘low probability associated gain’ and to avoid an option with ‘low probability associated loss’. These findings were replicated in a consecutive survey (Study 2) conducted after the Wenchuan earthquake. It was further found that the popularity of both insurance and lottery, which presumably contributed to overweighing of small probabilities, was detected to have been enhanced with substantial exposure to the earthquake disaster. The implications of these findings for risk education and government policy making were discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

班级集体效能对初中生学业自我效能与学习倦怠的调节作用

采用学习倦怠、学业自我效能、班级集体效能问卷,选取26个班级的1125名初中生作为被试,运用多层线性模型探讨班级集体效能对学业自我效能与学习倦怠的影响。在控制性别和年级的影响后,结果发现:(1)班级集体效能与学习倦怠具有直接的关联:班级正向联合力越高,则学生的学习成就感越高;班级负向联合力越高,则学生的情绪与生理的消耗越严重;班级优秀成员的效能越高,则其他学生学习的成就感越低,师生关系越疏远、生理消耗越严重;而班级成员的自我效能越高,学生的学习成就感越高、情绪的损耗越小;(2)班级集体效能对学业自我效能与学习倦怠之间的关系具有显著的调节作用:班级的正向和负向联合力越强,则学业自我效能对师生疏离的负向影响就越弱;班级的负向联合力越强,则学业自我效能对情绪耗竭的负向影响就越小;优秀成员效能越高,则学业自我效能对学习低成就感的负向影响就越大;而成员自我效能强,则学业自我效能对师生疏离的负向影响也强。     

焦虑调节：接受策略与表达抑制、认知重评策略之比较

情绪调节策略研究已经成为近年来心理学研究的热点课题。回顾近十年来关于焦虑的情绪调节策略研究,重点介绍了其中有着新理念、新视角的情绪调节策略——接受策略,并将其与表达抑制和认知重评两种情绪调节策略进行对比,发现接受策略对于焦虑而言是一种有效的调节策略,而且初步得出其作用效果优于表达抑制策略,但可能不及认知重评策略。最后从情绪调节策略的研究趋势、情绪调节策略对心理治疗和心理健康教育等的潜在价值三个方面进行了探讨。     

青少年浪漫关系研究的现状与展望

浪漫关系(romantic relationship)是情侣在交往过程中形成的一种心理关系, 由亲密、激情和承诺三部分组成。本文对浪漫关系的概念、类型、行为系统, 以及发展等方面进行了分析。家庭、同伴、个体沟通手段, 以及文化背景等是青少年浪漫关系的主要影响因素。当前浪漫关系的研究方法主要包括自我报告法、访谈法、观察法、叙述法以及实验法。未来研究应着重探讨青少年浪漫关系机制, 及其与心理健康的关系和青少年浪漫关系的本土化研究与跨文化研究的比较。