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961.
962.
Kelly Reumkens A. J. G. van Oudheusden J. J. G. Gietel-Habets M. H. E. Tummers C. E. M. de Die-Smulders L. A. D. M. van Osch 《Journal of genetic counseling》2018,27(4):920-926
For couples at high risk of transmitting a cancer predisposition to offspring, reproductive decision-making can be challenging. As the choice between available reproductive options is preference-sensitive, the use of a decision aid can support these couples in their decisional process. The present study aims to investigate preferences and needs of involved stakeholders regarding the development and implementation of a patient decision aid. Semi-structured interviews assessing the needs and preferences regarding the content and functionalities of a decision support program were conducted among seven couples at risk for hereditary cancer and among eight clinical geneticists involved in oncogenetic counseling. Many similarities were found between the expressed preferences and needs of both stakeholder groups concerning the content, barriers and facilitating factors regarding the use of the decision aid, and its implementation. Emphasis was placed on the use of simple non-medical language, an extensive explanation of the procedures and techniques used in prenatal diagnosis (PND) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), and the role of health care providers to refer couples to the decision aid. Both stakeholder groups were in favor of incorporating narrative stories in the decision aid. Integrating the present findings with knowledge on reproductive decisional motives and considerations is essential in guiding the development of a decision aid that corresponds to the preferences and needs of end-users. Trial registration: NTR5467 相似文献
963.
Marieke van de Wal Petra Servaes Rebecca Berry Belinda Thewes Judith Prins 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2018,25(4):390-407
This case study describes the course and content of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for clinical fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in a breast cancer survivor. The CBT for clinical FCR consisted of seven face-to-face therapy sessions and one telephone session. The primary treatment goal was to reduce FCR severity by modifying cognitive processes and dysfunctional behavior. Assessments of FCR and quality of life were completed by the breast cancer survivor pre-therapy, post-therapy, and at 6 and 12 months of post-therapy. In each treatment session, perceived control over FCR was assessed. A clinical nurse specialist participated in evaluation interviews. The patient’s perceived control over FCR increased during the therapy, and FCR severity declined to a non-clinical level. This improvement was still evident at the 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments and was supported by results for secondary and exploratory outcomes measures. FCR offers a great challenge for health care professionals due to the lack of effective treatment options. This case study shows how clinical FCR can be addressed with CBT and can contribute to the improvement of care for cancer survivors. 相似文献
964.
Laurence Nicolas-Vullierme Aline Cheynet de Beaupré Diane de Saint-Affrique 《Médecine & Droit》2018,2018(152):105-111
This paper deals with the end of life issue. It advocates for putting the legislation about end of life a part from bioethics laws and addresses some legal problems. 相似文献
965.
Antoine Barbot Sirui Liu Ruth Kimchi Marisa Carrasco 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2018,25(5):1824-1832
Perceptual organization and selective attention are two crucial processes that influence how we perceive visual information. The former structures complex visual inputs into coherent units, whereas the later selects relevant information. Attention and perceptual organization can modulate each other, affecting visual processing and performance in various tasks and conditions. Here, we tested whether attention can alter the way multiple elements appear to be perceptually organized. We manipulated covert spatial attention using a rapid serial visual presentation task, and measured perceptual organization of two multielements arrays organized by luminance similarity as rows or columns, at both the attended and unattended locations. We found that the apparent perceptual organization of the multielement arrays is intensified when attended and attenuated when unattended. We ruled out response bias as an alternative explanation. These findings reveal that attention enhances the appearance of perceptual organization, a midlevel vision process, altering the way we perceive our visual environment. 相似文献
966.
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968.
Eric-Jan Wagenmakers Jonathon Love Maarten Marsman Tahira Jamil Alexander Ly Josine Verhagen Ravi Selker Quentin F. Gronau Damian Dropmann Bruno Boutin Frans Meerhoff Patrick Knight Akash Raj Erik-Jan van Kesteren Johnny van Doorn Martin Šmíra Sacha Epskamp Alexander Etz Dora Matzke Tim de Jong Don van den Bergh Alexandra Sarafoglou Helen Steingroever Koen Derks Jeffrey N. Rouder Richard D. Morey 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2018,25(1):58-76
Bayesian hypothesis testing presents an attractive alternative to p value hypothesis testing. Part I of this series outlined several advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing, including the ability to quantify evidence and the ability to monitor and update this evidence as data come in, without the need to know the intention with which the data were collected. Despite these and other practical advantages, Bayesian hypothesis tests are still reported relatively rarely. An important impediment to the widespread adoption of Bayesian tests is arguably the lack of user-friendly software for the run-of-the-mill statistical problems that confront psychologists for the analysis of almost every experiment: the t-test, ANOVA, correlation, regression, and contingency tables. In Part II of this series we introduce JASP (http://www.jasp-stats.org), an open-source, cross-platform, user-friendly graphical software package that allows users to carry out Bayesian hypothesis tests for standard statistical problems. JASP is based in part on the Bayesian analyses implemented in Morey and Rouder’s BayesFactor package for R. Armed with JASP, the practical advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing are only a mouse click away. 相似文献
969.
Professional exploration modules are offered to the secondary school students attending a Preparatory to Vocational Training (3rd PVT). They are aimed at the academically weak pupils’ remobilization through the development of a training project in vocational education. Based on the model of plural and active socialization (Malrieu, 2003), this article aims to understand the processes of inter-significance between the meaning of school experience, the relation to learning and the relation to the future which underlines the building of the meaning of orientation of middle school students to the PVT program. One hundred and ninety-nine middle school students from 14 to 16 years old who attend the PVT in vocational schools underwent a computerized questionnaire including 96 items. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) differentiates three typical profiles of college students. Though the orientation in the PVT program remains characterized by strong social determinisms (school history and social origin), it seems for a majority of students built on positive representations dependent on the meaning of the previous school experience more than on a projection to the future. 相似文献
970.
Ellen-Marie Forsberg Frank O. Anthun Sharon Bailey Giles Birchley Henriette Bout Carlo Casonato Gloria González Fuster Bert Heinrichs Serge Horbach Ingrid Skjæggestad Jacobsen Jacques Janssen Matthias Kaiser Inge Lerouge Barend van der Meulen Sarah de Rijcke Thomas Saretzki Margit Sutrop Marta Tazewell Krista Varantola Knut Jørgen Vie Hub Zwart Mira Zöller 《Science and engineering ethics》2018,24(4):1023-1034
This document presents the Bonn PRINTEGER Consensus Statement: Working with Research Integrity—Guidance for research performing organisations. The aim of the statement is to complement existing instruments by focusing specifically on institutional responsibilities for strengthening integrity. It takes into account the daily challenges and organisational contexts of most researchers. The statement intends to make research integrity challenges recognisable from the work-floor perspective, providing concrete advice on organisational measures to strengthen integrity. The statement, which was concluded February 7th 2018, provides guidance on the following key issues:
相似文献
- § 1.Providing information about research integrity
- § 2.Providing education, training and mentoring
- § 3.Strengthening a research integrity culture
- § 4.Facilitating open dialogue
- § 5.Wise incentive management
- § 6.Implementing quality assurance procedures
- § 7.Improving the work environment and work satisfaction
- § 8.Increasing transparency of misconduct cases
- § 9.Opening up research
- § 10.Implementing safe and effective whistle-blowing channels
- § 11.Protecting the alleged perpetrators
- § 12.Establishing a research integrity committee and appointing an ombudsperson
- § 13.Making explicit the applicable standards for research integrity