The relationship between multidimensional spirituality and depressive symptoms in college students: Examining hope agency and pathways as potential mediators

In this study, we examined goal-focused hope as a potential mediator between the association of multidimensional spirituality and depressive symptoms in a sample of 319 college students. Results of conducting a series of multiple mediation tests indicated that hope agency, but not hope pathways, fully and significantly accounted for the associations of ritualistic, theistic, and existential spirituality with depressive symptoms. Overall, our findings offer support for the contention that hope agency plays an important role in accounting for the association between spirituality and psychological adjustment in college students. Some implications of the present findings are discussed.     

情绪应激体液免疫调节作用的影响因素

以给予经定时喂水训练大鼠空瓶刺激为情绪性心理直激源,研究了应激源给予的频率及抗原免疫前或后给予应激刺激等因素对此情绪应激体液免疫调节作用的影响：结果表明,特异性抗原OVA免疫前3次,每次30分钟的情绪应激刺激不影响大鼠的抗OVA抗体水平和脾脏指数;抗原免疫后,同样频率和持续时间的情绪应激能一定程度地降低体液免疫功能;而抗原免疫后14次,每次10分钟的情绪应激刺激则显著降低大鼠的抗OVA抗体水平和脾脏指数。该研究证实,抗原免疫后、反复多次的情绪应激刺激能显著抑制大鼠的原发性体液免疫功能。     

儒家人格理论的特性

儒家人格理论的特性具体表现为:君子人格的奋斗目标既扎根于现实的土壤之中,又带有诸多虚拟的理想化色彩,即现实性和虚拟性的矛盾与统一;其思维方法、行为风范、人格完善的标准具有中庸性和两面性(即双重人格)的矛盾与统一;君子人格的魅力存在于德性与智性的矛盾与张力之间,而它的精华与糟粕恰恰隐含在这些特性中.     

论管子寓军于政、平战一体的军事思想

中国先秦战争连绵不断,因而产生了众多的兵学家和兵学理论,为中国乃至世界兵学的发展奠定了扎实的基础。管仲作为先秦齐国的贤相,不仅是一位政治家、思想家,而且还是一位军事家,其倡导并实践的寓军于政、平战一体的军事思想是齐国强大并成为春秋五霸之首的重要保障。     

中小学数学教师数感内隐观的调查研究

该研究以131名中小学数学教师为被试,采用调查分析的方法,编制了数感结构选项表,考察了中小学数学教师的数感结构内隐观。结果显示：中小学数学教师的数感结构内隐观所涉及的范围广泛,经因素分析可以把它概括为6个因素。它们分别是：数学运算、数学认知因素、非书面计算能力、理解数与运算的意义、对数的认识与直觉、数符号表征能力。     

儒家"为人处世"之道正负社会功用辨析

孔子对中华民族最大的贡献,是揭示了"道德"这个人之为人的准绳即"君子法",其实是国家治乱的根源.儒家的为人处世之道一是指君子之道,亦即忠诚、孝敬、责任、廉耻,二是指蕴含在礼乐精神之中的处世之道:乐的精神是和,礼的精神是序.作为制度的"礼"因出自自然血亲,戴上了温情脉脉的面纱.无论作为"君子法"的忠、孝、责任与廉耻,还是"处世之道"的礼乐精神,在现实中都是善恶相混,充满内在的矛盾与拮抗.     

Applicants' and Employees' Reactions to Corporate Social Responsibility: The Moderating Effects of First‐Party Justice Perceptions and Moral Identity

This research explored individuals’ reactions to perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) using a multimotive framework. In 2 studies, the authors explored the boundary conditions of CSR effects among job applicants and internal employees. A scenario‐based experiment (N = 81) showed that the effect of CSR perceptions on job applicants’ job pursuit intentions was mitigated by applicants’ first‐party justice experiences, whereas it was amplified by their moral identity (Study 1). Survey data from 245 full‐time employees (Study 2) further supported the interactive effects revealed in Study 1. Specifically, first‐party justice perceptions attenuated the positive relationship between employees’ CSR perceptions and their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); and the relationship between CSR perceptions and OCB was more pronounced among employees high (versus low) in moral identity. Our findings bridge the CSR and organizational justice literatures, and reveal that the effects of individuals’ CSR perceptions are more complicated than previously thought. The findings shed light on micro (employee)‐level CSR phenomena and offer implications for both research and practice.     

Event centrality of positive and negative autobiographical memories to identity and life story across cultures

The aim of this study was to investigate whether cultural differences exist in event centrality, emotional distress and well-being in a total of 565 adults above age 40 from Mexico, Greenland, China and Denmark. Participants completed questionnaires to determine their level of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms, and of life satisfaction. They also completed event centrality scales for their most positive and most negative life events. Across cultures, participants rated positive events as more central to their identity and life stories, compared with negative events. Furthermore, participants with higher levels of emotional distress rated negative events as more central to their identity and life story, compared with participants with lower scores. However, a converse pattern was not found for positive events. Finally, participants with higher scores of life satisfaction tended to rate positive events as more central and negative events as less central to their identity and life story, compared with participants with lower scores. It is concluded that across cultures, positive events are considered more central to identity and life story than negative events and that event centrality ratings tend to be affected in similar ways by higher versus lower levels of emotional distress or well-being.