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101.
G. Shao D. Nguyen-Manh D.G. Pettifor P. Tsakiropoulos 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(11):703-710
The diffuse ω structure has been identified by electron diffraction for the first time in a C11b matrix of the melt-spun Cr-40 at.% Al alloy ribbon. The C11b matrix consists of nanometre-scale ordered domains produced by a long-period chemical ordering in the precursor A2-B2 structure. Each C11 b unit cell in the Cr-40 at.% Al alloy is based on three cubic B2 cells along the c axis and contains two antiphase boundaries. The structure of the diffuse ω is consistent with that observed by De Fontaine. The relative stability of the crystalline ω structure has been predicted with respect to bcc-type precursor phases as a function of the displacement parameter z from calculation of the cohesive energy of the ω phase using the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method. The results show that the three-dimensional crystalline ω structure is stable with respect to bcc-type precursor phases in the Cr-Al system and reveals the physical background as to why the ω structure in Cr-40 at% Al is diffuse in nature. 相似文献
102.
103.
Shao Z Roelofs A Meyer AS 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2012,65(10):1927-1944
We examined the contribution of executive control to individual differences in response time (RT) for naming objects and actions. Following Miyake et al., executive control was assumed to include updating, shifting, and inhibiting abilities, which were assessed using operation span, task-switching, and stop-signal tasks, respectively. Experiment 1 showed that updating ability was significantly correlated with the mean RT of action naming, but not of object naming. This finding was replicated in Experiment 2 using a larger stimulus set. Inhibiting ability was significantly correlated with the mean RT of both action and object naming, whereas shifting ability was not correlated with the mean naming RTs. Ex-Gaussian analyses of the RT distributions revealed that updating ability was correlated with the distribution tail of both action and object naming, whereas inhibiting ability was correlated with the leading edge of the distribution for action naming and the tail for object naming. Shifting ability provided no independent contribution. These results indicate that the executive control abilities of updating and inhibiting contribute to the speed of naming objects and actions, although there are differences in the way and extent these abilities are involved. 相似文献
104.
自由、秩序与权力的张力始终是政治生活中的难题。从自由主义的观点出发,洛克认为秩序是自由的基础,自由是秩序的本质;自由和秩序是政治权力的目的,权力是实现秩序和自由的工具;权力制约是实现自由秩序的保障。 相似文献
105.
本实验目的是观察回避反应后间隔地电刺激海马背部,对建立空间辨别回避条件反射的影响。结果如下:在本实验条件下,刺激海马对建立条件反射初期有较大的干扰作用,其表现为训练第一天的条件反应率极低(5%),与各个对照组相比较,差异是显著的(p<0.001);训练第二天,条件反应率上升为51%,除与刺激皮层组有显著性差异外,与另外两个对照组之间的差异消失。可见,随条件联系的建立,刺激海马而引起的干扰作用减弱。因而,维持海马的正常机能是建立条件反射初期的重要条件。 相似文献
106.
Reduced K+ Channel Inactivation, Spike Broadening, and After-Hyperpolarization in Kvβ1.1-Deficient Mice with Impaired Learning
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Karl Peter Giese Johan F. Storm Dirk Reuter Nikolai B. Fedorov Li-Rong Shao Thorsten Leicher Olaf Pongs Alcino J. Silva 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》1998,5(4):257-273
A-type K+ channels are known to regulate neuronal firing, but their role in repetitive firing and learning in mammals is not well characterized. To determine the contribution of the auxiliary K+ channel subunit Kvβ1.1 to A-type K+ currents and to study the physiological role of A-type K+ channels in repetitive firing and learning, we deleted the Kvβ1.1 gene in mice. The loss of Kvβ1.1 resulted in a reduced K+ current inactivation in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, in the mutant neurons, frequency-dependent spike broadening and the slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) were reduced. This suggests that Kvβ1.1-dependent A-type K+ channels contribute to frequency-dependent spike broadening and may regulate the sAHP by controlling Ca2+ influx during action potentials. The Kvβ1.1-deficient mice showed normal synaptic plasticity but were impaired in the learning of a water maze test and in the social transmission of food preference task, indicating that the Kvβ1.1 subunit contributes to certain types of learning and memory. 相似文献
107.
108.
对体液免疫反应的条件反射性调节 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以饮糖精水作为条件刺激(conditioned stimulus,CS),腹腔注射免疫抑制剂环磷酰胺作为非条件刺激(unconditioned stimulus,UCS)训练Wistar大鼠,3天后腹腔注射卵清蛋白(ovalbunfin,OVA)抗原,观察再次单独条件刺激对原发性体液免疫反应的作用。结果发现.一次CU-UCS结合训练导致CS组大鼠对再现糖精水产生厌恶反应,外周血中抗OVA-IgG抗体水平显著低于UCS组。两次CS-UCS结合训练并多次给予条件刺激后,CS组大鼠抗OVA-IgG的条件性免疫抑制效应与一次CS-UCS结合训练及再次给予一次条件刺激的反应类同。这些结果证明条件刺激增强了环磷酰胺对动物原发性体液免疫反应的抑制作用.这种条件性体液免疫抑制作用是相对稳定和有限度的,不易受条件反射建立参数的影响。 相似文献
109.
人格特质与认知操作关系的初步研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本研究采用NEO PI R测试 ,以逻辑推理为认知操作指标 ,初步考察了人格特质与大学生认知操作的关系。结果表明 :①神经质、外倾性与逻辑推理有显著负相关 ,开放性则与之呈正相关 ;②人格特质和认知操作关系的偏相关分析与相关分析的结果基本一致 ;③多元逐步回归分析显示 ,外倾性与逻辑推理有负性预测关系 ,开放性及严谨性则与逻辑推理有正性预测关系 ;④人格特质与认知操作的关系受操作难度、认知任务和兴趣类型等因素制约。 相似文献
110.
Relations between Asian American parental value orientations and children’s self-identity in the domains of achievement and relationship were examined. Sixty-nine Asian American youths (15 males) of East Asian origin (51 Chinese, 18 Koreans) interviewed their parents (30 fathers) for their life stories as first-generation Asian Americans. They also told their life stories as second-generation Asian Americans. Fathers and mothers upheld Confucian values, which were associated with children’s autonomous sense of self in achievement domain and relational sense of self in relationship domain. Furthermore, fathers and mothers had differential influences on children’s self-identity, and sons and daughters responded differently to parental value socializations. Findings are discussed with respect to parent–child relationships and continuity of ethnic values in contemporary Asian American families. 相似文献