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481.
Maria R. Ruiz 《Psychology of women quarterly》1995,19(2):161-179
Feminist critiques of traditional psychological approaches have generated feminist revisions, most notably in psychoanalytic and develop mental theory. Although behaviorism has attracted strong objections from feminist critics, claims of its antithetical positioning vis-à-vis feminist theory construction have generally remained unchallenged. A preliminary step in formulating grounds for a synthesis is to clarify multiple meanings of behaviorism. Specifically, the fusion of Watson's methodological behaviorism and Skinner's radical behaviorism in the literature must be disentangled in order to address the latter's potential as a conceptual framework for constructing feminist theory. Key conceptual features of radical behaviorism that suggest its potential as a vehicle for building a feminist epistemology include: radical behaviorism's contextualistic world view, its interpretation of agency, its treatment of private experience and self knowledge, and its understanding of the pivotal functions of the verbal community. 相似文献
482.
Sarah V. Swannell PhD Graham E. Martin MD FRANZCP DPM Andrew Page PhD Penelope Hasking PhD Nathan J. St John 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2014,44(3):273-303
Published prevalence estimates of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) among nonclinical samples are highly heterogeneous, raising concerns about their reliability and hindering attempts to explore the alleged increase in NSSI over time. Accordingly, the objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of methodological factors on heterogeneity in NSSI prevalence estimates, explore changes over time, and estimate overall international NSSI prevalence. Results showed that methodological factors contributed over half (51.6%) of the heterogeneity in prevalence estimates, and, after adjusting for these factors, NSSI prevalence did not increase over time. Overall, pooled NSSI prevalence was 17.2% among adolescents, 13.4% among young adults, and 5.5% among adults. Clearly, development of standardized methodology in NSSI research is crucial if accurate estimates are desired. 相似文献
483.
Suicide Ideations,Suicide Attempts,and Completed Suicide in Persons with Pathological Gambling and Their First‐Degree Relatives 下载免费PDF全文
Donald W. Black MD William Coryell MD Raymond Crowe MD Brett McCormick MA Martha Shaw BA Jeff Allen PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(6):700-709
We examined the relationship between suicidal ideations and attempts in 95 probands with pathological gambling (PG), 91 controls, and 1075 first‐degree relatives. The results were analyzed using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations. Thirty‐four PG probands (35.8%) and 4 controls (4.4%) had attempted suicide (OR = 12.12, p < .001); in 13 probands, the attempt occurred before PG onset. Lifetime suicidal ideations occurred in 60 PG probands (63.2%) and 12 controls (13.2%) (OR = 11.29, p < .001). Suicidality in PG probands is a marker of PG severity and is associated with greater psychiatric comorbidity. Offspring of PG probands had significantly higher rates of suicide attempts than control offspring. 相似文献
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Victimization of Lesbian,Gay, and Bisexual People in Childhood: Associations with Attempted Suicide 下载免费PDF全文
Anna B. Flynn MHS Renee M. Johnson PhD MPH Shay‐Lee Bolton BSc MSc PhD Ramin Mojtabai MD PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(4):457-470
Higher rates of attempted suicide have been documented among people who identify themselves as gay, lesbian, and bisexual (LGB) compared with heterosexuals. This study sought to ascertain the association between childhood abuse and neglect and attempted suicide, comparing LGBs and heterosexuals. Childhood sexual abuse among men and childhood sexual and physical abuse among women were found to mediate the association between LGB identity and attempted suicide. The experience of childhood abuse likely plays a significant role in the relationship between LGB identity and attempted suicide, but other factors such as experience of discrimination are also important. 相似文献
487.
James Morrison MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》1984,14(1):52-58
ABSTRACT: In eight years, 21183 San Diego County residents killed themselves. Of these, 52 had been at some time patients of one private psychiatric group. The suicide rate increased with age for the county population but not for the psychiatric patients. This difference was highly significant. Although older people generally are at greater risk for suicide, older psychiatric patients may be more responsive to treatment. 相似文献
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Benedikt Till DSc Thomas Niederkrotenthaler MD PhD MMSc Arno Herberth MPhil Peter Vitouch PhD Gernot Sonneck MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2010,40(4):319-327
The effects of suicide films on recipients' emotional and mental state, as well as the influence of censorship, was studied. Nonsuicidal subjects watched the original or a censored version of a suicide film or a drama without suicide. Data were collected by questionnaires. The viewing led to a deterioration of mood and an increase in inner tension and depression scores, but also to a rise in self‐esteem and life satisfaction and to a drop in suicidality. There were no relevant differences between the film groups. The more a subject identified with the protagonist, the greater were the negative effects. 相似文献
490.
Collin L. Davidson PhD Kimberly A. Babson PhD Marcel O. Bonn‐Miller PhD Tasha Souter MD Steven Vannoy PhD MPH 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(3):279-289
Suicide has a large public health impact. Although effective interventions exist, the many people at risk for suicide cannot access these interventions. Exercise interventions hold promise in terms of reducing suicide because of their ease of implementation. While exercise reduces depression, and reductions in depressive symptoms are linked to reduced suicidal ideation, no studies have directly linked exercise and suicide risk. The current study examined this association, including potential mediators (i.e., sleep disturbance, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and depression), in a sample of Veterans. SEM analyses revealed that exercise was directly and indirectly associated with suicide risk. Additionally, exercise was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and better sleep patterns, each of which was, in turn, related to lower suicide risk. 相似文献