新时期中医药进退之争的前提条件

以科学、理性的态度对待当前中医药进退之争,就必须正确应用与表述争辩中出现的相关问题.认为关键性概念和名词的正确应用与表述是这场之争的前提条件,积极探索现代与传统两种医学体系关系则必须正确认识相关问题.     

古代中西方的"学派"观念比较——兼论"思孟学派"的问题

本文从考察古希腊与中国先秦汉初的"学派"观念入手,比较异同,分析其通约性结论,指出学术师承渊源和学术宗旨,是我们考察"学派"的两个重要视角,而且学术师承渊源更重要。进而分析"思孟学派"这个名称,指出从"学派"义例来看,孟子并不认同子思,子思学派与孟子学派是并列的;"思孟学派"这个名称只适宜于着重考究子思的思想,以及孟子因袭其说的部分。     

从结构主义到后结构主义（上）

我们把读者的记忆倒退20多年前,当二十世纪八十年代初中国开始介绍法国结构主义时,在它的故乡,这种哲学方法已经渐渐被后结构主义或解构主义所取代.令人遗憾的是,多年来国内对结构主义的研究一直没有真正的展开,总体上仍然限于翻译和一般性介绍,对于其对西方传统哲学乃至文明的颠覆作用一直缺少准确意义上的理解,这种偏差源于结构主义奠基于与我们的象形文字并不一致的索绪尔语言学理论,使我们从汉字文化角度理解它非常困难.     

The multidimensionality of suicide risk factors and criteria in a nonclinical population: Replication across two countries and two languages

Across two countries and two languages, this research examined the multidimensional associations between suicidality (e.g., past ideation/attempts, communication of intent) and empirically important psychological risk factors (e.g., mental pain, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). For samples of 228 Canadian and 331 Portuguese university undergraduates, four dimensions emerged in each sample with two of these, intrapersonal and interpersonal, demonstrating strong replicability across countries and languages. It was concluded that suicidality is a phenomenon that demonstrates some multidimensional similarities across cultures.     

Magnetic-field dependence of nucleation undercoolings in non-magnetic metallic melts

The nucleation undercoolings of non-magnetic metals like paramagnetic aluminium in high magnetic fields were measured by the differential thermal analysis technique. It was shown that the nucleation undercooling of pure aluminium increased with increasing the magnetic field, while its melting temperature was hardly changed. Based on the model of magnetic dipoles at the interface, it is proposed that the magnetic-field-induced interfacial energy mainly contributes to the increase in undercooling. The change in undercooling in the magnetic field is calculated theoretically, which is in comparison with experimental data. Additionally, the inhibition of atom diffusion in the magnetic field plays a role in the change of undercooling.     

Deformation behaviour and 6H-LPSO structure formation at nanoindentation in lamellar high Nb containing TiAl alloy

Microstructure and deformation mechanisms at a nanoindentation in the lamellar colony of high Nb containing TiAl alloy have been studied using the focused ion beam and the transmission electron microscopy. Considerable deformation twins are observed around the nanoindentation, and a strain gradient is generated. A continuous change in the bending angle of the lamellar structure can be derived, and a strain-induced grain refinement process is observed as various active deformations split the γ grains into subgrains. In addition to all possible deformation mechanisms (ordinary dislocation, super-dislocation and deformation twining) activated due to the heavy plastic deformation, a 6-layer hexagonal (6H) long-period stacking ordered structure is identified for the first time near the contact zone and is thought to be closely related to the glide of partial dislocations.