浅论道教内丹的“三要件”理论——以《性命圭旨》为例

道教炼丹术,可以区分为炼外丹和炼内丹两类。在外丹产生以前,人们把那种以五金八石为药物炼制所谓长生不死仙丹的方术,叫炼丹术。内丹产生以来,仍然沿用外丹术语,把以人体精、气、神为药物炼制仙丹的过程也叫炼丹术。但为了区分起见,通常把这种人体内的炼养称为内丹术,而把原来以矿物为原料的炼丹术叫做外丹术。又因为外丹所谓炼丹主要指从矿物质中提取金银,因此外丹术又称为外丹黄白术(“黄白”为黄金白银的隐语)。而药物、鼎炉、火候,则是外丹术炼丹的必备条件,内丹继续沿用这些术语,并把它作为内丹炼养的“三大要件”,用来比喻内丹炼养的…     

大道至简 快乐之源——访惠州元妙观方丈王诚廉

道教是一种尊重生命、倡导健康幸福生活的宗教。如果说修炼成仙对平常人来说是一种遥不可及的梦想,那么对于健康长寿人生的追求就显得尤为真切、可行。然而,即便是普通的日常生活也并不那么顺畅,健康、疾病;拥有、失去;欣     

高校毕业生求职行为的影响机制研究

基于计划-行为理论,考察了836名高校毕业生求职行为的预测因素及其影响机制。层次回归和结构方程分析表明,控制了城乡和政治面貌的效应后,求职自我效能、求职期望、情绪控制、人格外倾和主观支持是影响求职行为的有效因素,其中求职自我效能、情绪控制、人格外倾和主观支持分别正向预测求职行为,而求职期望则负向预测求职行为;求职意向在求职期望和求职行为、情绪控制和求职行为、主观支持和求职行为之间的中介效果均显著,在求职自我效能和求职行为以及人格外倾和求职行为之间的中介效果不显著。     

Naturalized truth and Plantinga’s evolutionary argument against naturalism

There are three major theses in Plantinga’s latest version of his evolutionary argument against naturalism. (1) Given materialism, the conditional probability of the reliability of human cognitive mechanisms produced by evolution is low; (2) the same conditional probability given reductive or non-reductive materialism is still low; (3) the most popular naturalistic theories of content and truth are not admissible for naturalism. I argue that Plantinga’s argument for (1) presupposes an anti-materialistic conception of content, and it therefore begs the question against materialism. To argue for (2), Plantinga claims that the adaptiveness of a belief is indifferent to its truth. I argue that this claim is unsupported unless it again assumes an anti-materialistic conception of content and truth. I further argue that Plantinga’s argument for (3) is not successful either, because an improved version of teleosemantics can meet his criticisms. Moreover, this version of teleosemantics implies that the truth of a belief is (probabilistically) positively related to its adaptiveness, at least for simple beliefs about physical objects in human environments. This directly challenges Plantinga’s claim that adaptiveness is indifferent to truth.     

当前我国儿童生态道德状况分析

从总体上看,当前我国儿童的生态道德教育不理想,效果不明显。我国儿童的生态道德认知、生态道德情感和态度、生态道德行为还未体现出知-情-意-行的规律,具有较强的不确定性。道德认知和内心情感经常发生冲突和碰撞,行为还没有达到自觉和自律,环境义务感缺乏,环境责任感有待加强和提高。就其原因主要是儿童道德认知特点、年龄、经验等因素的制约以及家庭、学校、社会等外在环境因素的不足。因此,需要学校、家长、社会通力合作,进行"三位一体"的儿童生态道德教育。     

恶性肿瘤综合治疗的策略

肿瘤综合治疗是根据病人的机体情况以及肿瘤的病理类型、侵犯范围(病期)和发展趋向,将现有的手术治疗、放射治疗、化学治疗、生物治疗和中医中药治疗等各种手段有目的地、科学地、有计划地作一个序贯性的安排和实施,力争取得最佳的治疗效果。肿瘤的综合治疗是一个多学科协作的合理的新型模式。     

中国道教协会成立五十周年庆祝大会在北京人民大会堂举行

2007年9月19日下午,中国道教协会成立五十周年庆祝大会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行,来自全国29个省市、自治区、直辖市的326名代表应邀参加了会议。     

迷途知返

我那中西合璧的三层小楼主体工程刚显出一点眉目,九九重阳节这天,二三十人在脚手架上攀援,他们都十分认真地工作着,可是山涧骤然刮过来一阵强     

关于克里普克模态性的一个自然主义解释

The Kripkean metaphysical modality (i.e. possibility and necessity) is one of the most important concepts in contemporary analytic philosophy and is the basis of many metaphysical speculations. These metaphysical speculations frequently commit to entities that do not belong to this physical universe, such as merely possible entities, abstract entities, mental entities or qualities not realizable by the physical, which seems to contradict naturalism or physicalism. This paper proposes a naturalistic interpretation of the Kripkean modality, as a naturalist’s response to these metaphysical speculations. It will show that naturalism can accommodate the Kripkean metaphysical modality. In particular, it will show that naturalism can help to resolve the puzzles surrounding Kripke’s a posteriori necessary propositions and a priori contingent propositions. __________ Translated from Zhexue yanjiu 哲学研究 (Philosophical Researches), 2008, (1): 18–26