Stress Moderates the Association between Action Orientation and Goal Internalization

The purpose of this study is to examine whether stress moderates the association between action-state orientation and goal internalization. People estimated how autonomous (vs. controlled) they would feel if they pursued goals of either an extrinsic or an intrinsic type. Measures of action orientation and stressful life events were also taken. Results showed that autonomy of goal motive for action orientation was moderated by stress (failure-related and demanding) situation. Action-oriented people have less internalized goal than state-oriented people in stress situation. Implication for self-determination theory and action-control theory is discussed.     

权重望寡：如何化解低地位领导的补偿性辱虐管理行为?

权力与地位来源不同且体验有别, 二者分离是常态。如果领导者手握权柄却缺乏相应的地位威望, 将限制其控制力, 产生潜在不良后果。基于低地位补偿理论, 构建一个两阶段调节的中介模型, 设计两项研究, 旨在探索领导者“权重望寡” (即权力高, 地位低)所诱发的负面领导行为及其干预机制。研究1揭示: 相对于权力与地位匹配, 领导者权重望寡诱发辱虐管理。研究2探索其成因, 显示: (1)自我损耗中介权重望寡与辱虐管理的关系; (2)领导者正念以及更高层领导信任联合调节自我损耗的中介效应。研究表明, 低地位领导在维护地位过程中产生的自我损耗是引发辱虐管理的主因, 同时辱虐管理强度因人而异, 适可而止, 自身正念和高层信任有助于限制其作为不良补偿手段的蔓延。研究拓展了低地位补偿理论的应用领域, 也为化解权力与地位分离带来的组织冲突提供管理启示。     

In what conditions are intercultural practices implemented in disadvantaged and diverse settings in Portugal? Associations with professional and organization-related variables

Social Psychology of Education - Although intercultural practices are believed to be extremely relevant to combat educational disadvantages, evidence on the factors that are related to their...     

执行功能对个体情绪调节策略使用倾向和调节效果的影响

为了探讨执行功能对情绪调节的作用,通过两个研究分析执行功能对情绪调节策略使用倾向和情绪调节效果的影响。研究1以100名大学生为被试,采用执行功能任务和情绪调节策略问卷考察执行功能与情绪调节策略使用倾向之间的关系;研究2招募了40名大学生被试,采用执行功能任务和情绪调节任务考察执行功能对情绪调节效果的影响,依据执行功能总分对被试进行分组,分析前33%高执行功能被试和后33%低执行功能被试在情绪调节效果上是否存在差异。结果发现,执行功能越低的个体越倾向于选择使用表达抑制策略,执行功能越高的个体使用认知重评策略进行情绪调节的效果更好。     

飞行员情境认知的模糊综合评判

借用环境科学中环境质量评价的概念和方法,建立了飞行员情境认知的多级模糊综合评判模型,并用该模型对飞行员的情境认知进行了综合评判。研究表明,用模糊综合评判方法评价飞行员的情境认知可以提供真实、全面的飞行认知信息,为飞行员的训练有效性及安全性提供可靠依据。     

王弼易与伊川易之比较--关于《周易》的体例与原则

王弼在吸取<易传>乘、承、比、应、当位、中位等说的基础上,详细论述了<周易>的体例以及原则,进一步阐发了<易传>所蕴含的取义说、适时说,还提出了主爻说、初上不论位等说,确立了义理派解易的基本思想方法.尽管程颐在对<周易>体例的看法上基本上承袭王说,但亦有发展与创新之处.他在王氏"适时说"基础上强调<易>随时取义的观点,提出了中则正、乾坤卦变以及卦才说等,丰富了义理派解易的方法,增加了解释卦爻象和卦爻辞的灵活度.本文在论述以上观点时,还对前人之说提出了一些异议.     

儿童的假想伙伴:理论与实证研究

假想伙伴是在儿童生活中普遍存在的现象,研究者发现拥有假想伙伴的儿童约占52%至65%左右。尽管早在上世纪初就存在相关研究,但是直到近二十年它才获得众多学者关注,成为一个新兴领域。本文总结介绍了假想伙伴的早期背景,以及在理论与实证研究中取得的多方面成果,并且对该领域未来研究的发展方向提出了展望。     

目标定向对创造性个性的影响

基于创造性研究的社会心理学取向,本研究试图探讨目标定向干预对创造性个性的影响。对73名高一学生施以TARGET模式3个月以引导掌握定向的形成;另73名高一学生作为控制组。协方差分析表明,实验组的创造性个性有明显改善;被试实验前的目标定向对实验效果具有一定的影响,实验前成绩接近定向的倾向较弱的被试其创造性个性的改善较为明显。总之,目标定向干预可导致创造性个性的改善。     

Multidimensional Gender Identity and Psychological Adjustment in Middle Childhood: A Study in China

This study examined the multiple components of gender identity (Egan and Perry 2001) and their relationships with psychological adjustment among 201 boys and 160 girls (aged 9 to 12 years) in Mainland China. Boys were found to be more content about their gender but feel more pressure to conform to gender stereotypes than girls. No gender or age differences were found in children’s intergroup bias. Higher gender typicality was related to greater global self-worth, greater social competence, and lower sense of loneliness. However, neither felt pressure nor gender contentment significantly predicted psychological adjustment. These results were compared with findings of previous United States-based studies to highlight the impacts of cultural contexts on gender identity and their effects on adjustment.