天下大同——《老子》大道与和谐

引言追求和谐完美,不只是现代人的理想,古人也同此心;不只是中国人的愿望,外国人也同此愿。早在公元前4世纪古希腊哲学家柏拉图就作有《理想国》,16世纪英国莫尔著《乌托邦》,18世纪英国欧文发起合作社运动,还有德国音乐家贝多芬和诗人席勒的《欢乐颂》……人们总是在憧憬一个理想的世界。     

上博简《慎子曰恭俭》管窥

本文从分析上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书<慎子曰恭俭>的内容出发,认为简文属于慎子弟子后学的作品.并将简文和传世文献进行比较,认为简文中的"慎子"就是慎到.然后分析了有关慎子的一些问题,认为<战国策·楚策二>所记楚襄王为太子时的老师"慎子"就是慎到,慎到的生卒年可能是359BC-275 BC.     

Log Data Analysis with ANFIS: A Fuzzy Neural Network Approach

This study explores the use of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), a neuro-fuzzy approach, to analyze the log data of technology-based assessments to extract relevant features of student problem-solving processes, and develop and refine a set of fuzzy logic rules that could be used to interpret student performance. The log data that record student response processes while solving a science simulation task were analyzed with ANFIS. Results indicate the ANFIS analysis could generate and refine a set of fuzzy rules that shed lights on the process of how students solve the simulation task. We conclude the article by discussing the advantages of combining human judgments with the learning capacity of ANFIS for log data analysis and outlining the limitations of the current study and areas of future research.     

Traumatic stress symptoms following a lower limb amputation in diabetic patients: a longitudinal study

Objective: Limited research has focussed on the development of traumatic stress symptoms following an amputation due to a chronic disease such as Diabetes. This study analysed whether coping strategies, anxiety and depression symptoms, sociodemographic and clinical variables were related to traumatic stress symptoms in a sample of patients who had undergone a lower limb amputation.

Design: A longitudinal design with three assessments, one month (T1), six (T2) and ten months after an amputation surgery (T3), included 144 patients.

Main outcome measures: IES-R, WOC and HADS.

Results: Traumatic stress symptoms were prevalent at T1 (M?=?15.65, SD?=?15.40) and probable PTSD was observed in 13.9% patients. Presence of pain, high level of anxiety symptoms and emotion-focused strategies contributed to traumatic stress symptoms, and the period between T1 and T2, was critical. Six to ten months (Λ?=?0.871, F (2,84) =6.245, p=. 003), after surgery, symptoms tended to decrease 0.122 units (SE?=?0.032, p?=?0.002) per assessment.

Conclusions: Findings raise awareness to the need of urgent identification of traumatic stress symptoms in medically ill patients who underwent a lower limb amputation, given the prevalence of traumatic stress symptoms right after surgery and in the following six months.     

费希特哲学向宗教的回归

费希特耶拿时期的哲学是从自我的本原行动出发的,主体的绝对能动性是知识学用以说明一切知识的依据,由此确立的最高原则是人的自由原则。然而,费希特对人的主体能动性(尤其是在道德实践领域)的高扬是从"脱离了自然的精神"片面地出发的。在这一时期费希特的思想中,一切存在、客体都不过是意识的对象而由人的认识能力加以规定。费希特哲学思想的致命弱点也恰恰就在于此。在"无神论事件"及外界的批评下,费希特开始反思知识学的基础或本原,进一步探寻自我或本原行动的实在性的根据。这就导致了费希特哲学向宗教的回归。这在当时对德国哲学及宗教的发展产生了深远的影响。     

研究者由行德而知德——伦理审查的实践路径

伦理审查作为一种实践的研究,其目的是"为善",使研究者的行为符合德性.然而,研究者不是先获得德性再做合德性的事,而是通过做合德性的事而成为有德性的人."研究者行德"在伦理审查为善目的中具有基础性地位,"研究者知德"是伦理审查为善目的的理想目标,伦理审查为善目的的实践路径是"研究者由行德而知德".     

Capturing Situational Information with Smartphones and Mobile Sensing Methods

Smartphones are pervasive companions to many people as they go about their daily lives. In addition, they are equipped with a wide array of sensors making it possible to measure objective information about people and situations, many times, with great fidelity, over long periods of time, in a way that is both unobtrusive and ecologically valid. Therefore, we argue that smartphones and other forms of mobile sensing are ideally suited to measuring situations. In particular, we describe how sensing methods can be used to assess situational cues, characteristics and classes. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology