不同加工与记忆编码关系的ERP研究

通过事件相关电位(ERPs)记录,探讨了深、浅2种加工与记忆编码的相互关系。研究结果表明,（1）在深、浅两种加工条件下,首次使用汉字材料,获得了ERP相继记忆效应（Dm),随后再认正确的ERPs比随后再认不正确的ERPs有更大的晚正成分。（2）深加工的Dm效应始于N2波的前支（230－280ms)和N2波之后（395－800ms);而浅加工的Dm效应发生在345－490ms之间。深、浅加工的Dm效 涉及不同的脑区,这一结果支持深、浅两种加工的Dm效应可能是分离的结论。     

关于哲学的问题研究

“恰当地提出问题”对于哲学甚至比对于科学更为重要,它体现出哲学活动的特殊性质。提问开放新的视域。使我们超出习见,进入思考和对话。着重于提出问题而非构造理论,在今天可以被视为一种研究哲学的方式。当今时代给我们提出了大量需要研究的课题,也要求我们能够提出自己的问题。另一方面,20世纪哲学的自我批判,不仅使哲学的一些基本范畴被重新审视,它的探索方式乃至其功能与合法性根据也受到质询。对问题的研究已成为把握时代和探索哲学发展途径的入手处。     

天趣:中国盆景艺术的审美理想

中国的盆景艺术以追求"天趣"为最高审美理想.本文讨论几个与盆景"天趣"相关的理论问题:第一,盆景艺术的形成与"观生意"的哲学密切相关;第二,盆景艺术的以小见大,小不是对大的概括,盆景不是微缩景观;第三,古拙是中国盆景的基本美学风格,它所反映的不是病态的审美趣味,而是崇尚生命的哲学精神;第四,盆景的捆缚扭曲虽然有伤物性,但其总体旨趣则是为了巧夺天工,遵循的是崇尚自然而不是割裂自然的思想;第五,中国盆景艺术的魅力来自于境界的创造,而不是简单的形式美感.     

丹丘子——仙家道人之通称

丹丘、丹丘山、丹丘子、丹丘生、丹丘羽人……是古诗文和道家文献经常提到的,尤其是被誉为茶圣的唐代隐士陆羽(733-804),先后四次在<茶经>和<顾渚山记>中引述<神异记>提及丹丘子,余姚人虞洪遇丹丘子获大茗的故事因此广为茶人熟知.专家、学者对丹丘子各有见解,有些则明显有误.综合多种文献,笔者以为丹丘子是众多仙家道人的通称或别号.     

技术批判理论的理论基础和发展趋势——安德鲁·费恩伯格教授访谈录

费恩伯格(Andrew Lewis Feenberg)是加拿大西蒙·弗雷泽大学信息与传媒学院教授、技术哲学研究会主席,当代西方有代表性的技术批判理论家,曾师从西方马克思主义者戈德曼、马尔库塞.著有<马克思、卢卡奇和批判理论的来源>、<技术批判理论>、<可选择的现代性>、<追问技术>、<海德格尔和马尔库塞:技术的大灾难和大拯救>等多部著作,编辑出版了<技术与知识政治学>、<技术与现代性>等,发表论文几十篇.     

分散空间注意条件下客体特征一致性对视觉特征错觉性结合的影响

本研究通过设置对空间注意资源的分配实施强行操作的情形下,探讨了主、次作业客体形状一致性和次作业客体间距对乏空间注意区次作业客体颜色、形状特征的检测及对特征错觉性结合的影响。实验结果表明：（１）分散空间注意使次作业区域注意减弱,对客体及其颜色和形状特征的识别均产生明显影响．而且对形状的影响又大于颜色;（２）特征错觉性结合率,主、次作业客体形状一致时比客体形状不一致时明显增大;（３）次作业客体间距对特征错觉性结合率无明显影响,但客体形状一致性和客体间距之间存在明显交互作用．     

Predictors of media multitasking in Chinese adolescents

We examined predictors of media multitasking in Chinese adolescents from 3 contexts: characteristics of the media user, types of media use and family media contexts. Three hundred and twenty adolescents, 11–18 years of age, completed questionnaires to measure media use, impulsivity, sensation seeking, time management disposition and family media environment. The results showed that media multitasking was positively correlated with age and total media use time. Participants with high levels of impulsivity and sensation seeking reported more multitasking behaviour. Multitasking was negatively correlated with time management. Children from media‐oriented families often engage in more multitasking. What's more, social networking sites use and music use can mediate the effect of individual and family factors on media multitasking.     

Do CEOs Matter to Firm Strategic Actions and Firm Performance? A Meta‐Analytic Investigation Based on Upper Echelons Theory

What roles do CEOs play in firm performance? To address this question, the management field has accumulated a substantial amount of research over the past 3 decades built on upper echelons theory (UET), which posits that CEO characteristics manifest in firm strategic actions and, in this way, future firm performance. Hence, there is a need to systematically amass and take stock of prior empirical findings for UET testing and development. We use meta‐analytic techniques to synthesize prior UET research on the relationships among commonly studied CEO characteristics, firm strategic actions, and future firm performance. Based on 308 studies, meta‐analytic results generally support UET's predictions with a few exceptions: CEO characteristics (i.e., tenure, formal education, prior career experience, and positive self‐concept) are significantly associated with firm strategic actions, which in turn are significantly related to future firm performance. Moreover, CEO characteristics (i.e., age, tenure, formal education, and prior career experience) are positively related to future firm performance. In addition, fine‐grained analyses have revealed interesting and important relationships between specific measures of CEO characteristics (e.g., CEO prior task experience) and firm outcomes (e.g., firm strategic actions that match with CEO prior task experience). Implications for theory, future research, and practice are discussed.