全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11269篇 |
免费 | 532篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
11805篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 139篇 |
2019年 | 153篇 |
2018年 | 263篇 |
2017年 | 238篇 |
2016年 | 246篇 |
2015年 | 178篇 |
2014年 | 209篇 |
2013年 | 840篇 |
2012年 | 341篇 |
2011年 | 381篇 |
2010年 | 230篇 |
2009年 | 195篇 |
2008年 | 302篇 |
2007年 | 287篇 |
2006年 | 270篇 |
2005年 | 219篇 |
2004年 | 215篇 |
2003年 | 190篇 |
2002年 | 200篇 |
2001年 | 420篇 |
2000年 | 390篇 |
1999年 | 273篇 |
1998年 | 111篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1992年 | 209篇 |
1991年 | 222篇 |
1990年 | 211篇 |
1989年 | 205篇 |
1988年 | 206篇 |
1987年 | 187篇 |
1986年 | 177篇 |
1985年 | 176篇 |
1984年 | 162篇 |
1983年 | 120篇 |
1982年 | 119篇 |
1981年 | 94篇 |
1979年 | 156篇 |
1978年 | 99篇 |
1977年 | 95篇 |
1976年 | 96篇 |
1975年 | 140篇 |
1974年 | 160篇 |
1973年 | 185篇 |
1972年 | 158篇 |
1971年 | 145篇 |
1970年 | 132篇 |
1969年 | 140篇 |
1968年 | 180篇 |
1967年 | 135篇 |
1966年 | 141篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
211.
Pigeons had been trained to peck a key when each peck removed a slowly increasing series of electric shocks. Without loss of the established key-pecking response, the birds were gradually weaned from this procedure to one where intense shocks were presented suddenly, duplicating features that had proved ineffective for initial shaping of the response. Finally, a procedure was introduced in which key pecks could avoid shock. Avoidance responding was maintained in two of three pigeons. 相似文献
212.
213.
Ronald N. Giere 《Synthese》1969,20(3):371-387
A comparison of Neyman's theory of interval estimation with the corresponding subjective Bayesian theory of credible intervals shows that the Bayesian approach to the estimation of statistical parameters allows experimental procedures which, from the orthodox objective viewpoint, are clearly biased and clearly inadmissible. This demonstrated methodological difference focuses attention on the key difference in the two general theories, namely, that the orthodox theory is supposed to provide a known average frequency of successful estimates, whereas the Bayesian account provides only a coherent ordering of degrees of belief and a subsequent maximization of subjective expected utilities. To rebut the charge of allowing biased procedures, the Bayesian must attack the foundations of orthodox, objectivist methods. Two apparently popular avenues of attack are briefly considered and found wanting. The first is that orthodox methods fail to apply to the single case. The second is that orthodox methods are subject to a typical Humean regress. The conclusion is that orthodox objectivist methods remain viable in the face of the subjective Bayesian alternative — at least with respect to the problem of statistical estimation. 相似文献
214.
N. S. Sutherland Rosemary Bowman 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1969,21(4):330-338
Different groups of goldfish were trained to discriminate between a circle and either a square, a diamond, a square with a knob added at the top or a diamond with a knob. All subjects readily mastered the discrimination, and there was no significant difference between the groups in the number of trials taken to criterion. In transfer tests it was found that: (i) while there was no transfer from square to diamond or vice versa, the presence of knobs on these shapes did mediate transfer from one to the other, provided the knob remained in the top part of the shapes; (ii) all groups learned much more about the tops of the shapes than about the bottom halves; (iii) animals discriminated the square from the circle largely by detecting the presence of a strong horizontal edge at the top of the figure; (iv) two features of the diamond were discriminated--the presence of oblique contours and the existence of a point in the upper half of the shape. The results are discussed in terms of a proposed model of shape recognition. 相似文献
215.
M. J. Morgan N. S. Sutherland Philip T. Smith Diana R. Haslam Ivana Markov Moyra Williams P. E. Bryant Mark P. Haggard 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1969,21(3):291-297
Animal Discrimination Learning. Edited by R. M. Gilbert and N. S. Sutherland. London: Academic Press. 1969. Pp. xvi + 501. 1358.
Luce, R. D. and Tukey, J. W. (1964). Simultaneous conjoint measurement: a new type of fundamental measurement. J. math. Psychol. I, 1-27.
Discrimination Learning. By D. A. Riley. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Inc. 1968. Pp. 172. Paperback 21s.
Annual Review of Psychology. Vol. 20. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews Inc. 1969. Pp. ix + 544. $9.00.
Cutaneous Sensation. By David Sinclair. London: Oxford University Press. 1967. Pp. xii + 306. 63s.
Modelling of Thinking and the Mind.. By N. M. Amosov. Translated by L. Finegold. New York: Spartan Books. London: Macmillan. 11967. Pp. xiii + 192.
The Mind of Mnemonist. By A. R. Luria. London: Jonathan Cape. 1969. Pp. xi + 160. 25s.
Determinants of Infant Behaviour IV. Edited by B. M. Foss. London: Methuen. 1969. Pp. 303. £3 10s.
Brain and Behaviour. Volumes 1-4. Edited by Karl Pribram. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books Ltd. 1969. Pp. 496 +573 + 523 + 524. 12s. 6d. per volume. 相似文献
Luce, R. D. and Tukey, J. W. (1964). Simultaneous conjoint measurement: a new type of fundamental measurement. J. math. Psychol. I, 1-27.
Discrimination Learning. By D. A. Riley. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Inc. 1968. Pp. 172. Paperback 21s.
Annual Review of Psychology. Vol. 20. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews Inc. 1969. Pp. ix + 544. $9.00.
Cutaneous Sensation. By David Sinclair. London: Oxford University Press. 1967. Pp. xii + 306. 63s.
Modelling of Thinking and the Mind.. By N. M. Amosov. Translated by L. Finegold. New York: Spartan Books. London: Macmillan. 11967. Pp. xiii + 192.
The Mind of Mnemonist. By A. R. Luria. London: Jonathan Cape. 1969. Pp. xi + 160. 25s.
Determinants of Infant Behaviour IV. Edited by B. M. Foss. London: Methuen. 1969. Pp. 303. £3 10s.
Brain and Behaviour. Volumes 1-4. Edited by Karl Pribram. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books Ltd. 1969. Pp. 496 +573 + 523 + 524. 12s. 6d. per volume. 相似文献
216.
Arthur G. Snapper Ovide F. Pomerleau William N. Schoenfeld 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1969,4(3):212-220
Cardiac rates of rhesus monkeys were observed in a variety of different conditioning procedures, each of which involved a visual stimulus (CS) followed by an electric shock (US). With a 30-sec CS, cardiac rate accelerated rapidly after CS onset, reached a maximum in the middle of CS, and decelerated thereafter, with a terminal CS rate often at the level of, or below, pre-CS levels. A similar biphasic cardiac rate response in CS was also observed under subsequent exposure to intermittent pairings of CS and US, avoidance of US, response-produced termination of US, and when CS-US pairings were superimposed upon an avoidance baseline, even when CS duration was varied from 12 to 60 seconds. The unusual regularity of cardiac rate responses in several different procedures may result from one or more of these factors: (a) characteristics of the rhesus monkey, (b) initial exposure to Pavlovian conditioning, or (c) the uniformity of measurement of cardiac rate employed in this study. 相似文献
217.
218.
Boy N. Collier 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1969,47(8):753-757
The academic aptitudes and school achievement of the children with diabetes in 58 junior and senior high schools have been explored. Teachers and school counselors were queried concerning their understanding of diabetes, and its management and nature of interaction with the child and his parents. Implications for public school education of the chronically handicapped child were presented. 相似文献
219.
DAVID N. ASPY 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1969,48(4):287-293
The elephant experience involves too much stimulation or input for a person to integrate. School personnel may help each other and their students to cope more effectively with these experiences by understanding the symptoms, the common sources, and the process of using them constructively. The symptoms are preoccupation, avoidance, overreaction, and flight into activity. Common sources are grades, test scores, and athletic success. The process of using them constructively involves facilitative people, use of personal resources, review of progress toward assimilation, and personal integration of experiential meaning. The elephant experience is seen as a source of learning that may be either devastating or enriching, and the challenge to the facilitator is to help each individual make it constructive. 相似文献
220.
Subjects named alphabetic characters that had been rotated, reflected, or inverted. Inversions induce more errors than mirror reflections and reflections induce more than rotations. In a significant number of mistakes a transformed character was assumed to be normally oriented, but in most a transformed character was confused with the mirror image of the original. The data suggest the existence of an “orientation set” in which the identiflcation of ambiguous characters depends largely on their anticipated orientation. The individuality of the data for the different orientations suggests that different transformations are compensated for in part by different mechanisms. 相似文献