排序方式: 共有21条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Pulay AJ Dawson DA Ruan WJ Pickering RP Huang B Chou SP Grant BF 《Journal of personality disorders》2008,22(4):405-417
The present study examined one dimensional approach to personality disorders (PDs) in a large (n = 43,093), nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. Respondents were classified in four personality severity categories (no PD, subthreshold PD, simple PD, complex PD). Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine mental disability by PD severity for major DSM-IV substance use, mood and anxiety disorders. Significant increases in disability were observed between no PD and simple PD and between simple PD and complex PD for each Axis I disorder except drug dependence, but few differences in disability were found between no PD and subthreshold PD. This study found support for the clinical utility of the dimensional classification of PD severity with regard to the distinction between simple and complex PD and for a combined no PD-subthreshold PD level of severity. Future planned analyses will address the clinical utility of the classification prospectively, with a full battery of all Axis II PDs. 相似文献
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Wang YJ Lu J Wu DM Zheng ZH Zheng YL Wang XH Ruan J Sun X Shan Q Zhang ZF 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2011,96(2):156-165
Evidence indicates that systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces brain inflammation, ultimately resulting in cognitive deficits. Ursolic acid (UA), a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid, is well known to possess multiple biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we assessed the protective effect of UA against the LPS-induced cognitive deficits in mice. We found that UA significantly improved cognitive deficits of LPS-treated mice in open field, step-through passive avoidance and Morris water maze tasks. One potential mechanism of this action was attributed to the decreased production of pro-inflammatory markers including COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6 in LPS-treated mouse brain. Mechanistically, UA markedly inhibited LPS-induced IκBα phosphorylation and degradation, NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and p38 activation in mouse brain, but did not affect the activation of TLR4, MyD88, ERK, JNK and Akt. Taken together, these results suggest that UA may be useful for mitigating inflammation-associated brain disorders by inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors production, at least in part, through blocking the p38/NF-κB signaling pathways. 相似文献
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通过比较儒家经济伦理与儒家经济伦理思想,指出重提儒家经济伦理这一概念的意义,进而探讨了儒家经济伦理成立的可能性,并指出思考这一问题先须具备开放的态度,同时基于对经济伦理的理解,可以说明儒家具有发展出经济伦理理论的潜力。而发展儒家经济伦理,不仅可以推进中国自身的经济伦理研究,可以更有效地解释中国的经济实践,并为解决当代的经济伦理问题提供新思路。 相似文献
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对时间推理的研究主要有两种范式,习俗周期性时间推理和时间关系推理。以往大多数研究集中在习俗周期性时间推理上,而时间关系推理研究则相对薄弱。本研究在以往研究的基础上,对日常生活事件的时间关系推理进行了研究。实验设计考虑了推理任务的模型数量、前提数量、无关前提以及有无肯定答案等因素,形成了六类推理任务。研究发现:推理任务的模型数量、前提数量、无关前提、是否有肯定答案以及推理者时间维度上的人格特征等都会影响个体的时间关系推理;被试一般是以呈现的前提顺序来表征推理任务的。但是,当被试意识到无关信息时,可以从整体上表征问题。 相似文献
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Ruan Spies Olivia K. Derks Paula S. Sterkenburg Carlo Schuengel Esme van Rensburg 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2016,26(1):56-62
This study explored types and nature of supports by relatives of mothers living with HIV and psychosis in comparison to mothers with HIV only. Interview data on their experiences of their roles, needs and challenges were collected from 33 relatives on mothers with HIV and psychosis (n=12, females=10, blacks =12, age ranges 21 to 62) and those with HIV only (n=21, females=16, blacks =21, age ranges 18 to 63). The data were thematically analysed utilizing Atlas.ti. The results showed that relatives in both groups provided a variety of supporting roles. Important challenges were experiencing the negative consequences of especially HIV in combination with psychosis in their lives and dealing with the caregiving responsibilities without having enough information. Important strengths included utilizing support networks and remaining hopeful. Support needs for carers of mothers living with HIV related psychosis or HIV only, can be enhanced with increasing social and material resources at the community level. Supporting needs can be addressed by empowering communities through psycho-education. 相似文献
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Glassy ribbons of Pd–Si alloys were prepared by a combination of melt spinning and flux treatment. The crystallization behaviour of a Pd81Si19 glassy alloy was studied through isothermal annealing at temperatures ranging lower than the glass-transition temperature T g to around the onset of crystallization. The evolution of microstructures arising from isothermal annealing was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy ((HR)TEM). XRD spectra showed that, after the sample was annealed at a sub-T g temperature, its first diffraction peak was split into two overlapping broad peaks. TEM analysis revealed the formation of a spherical, particle-like glassy phase embedded in the glassy matrix together with a finely connected network morphology within both. Combining these observations with compositional analysis suggested that phase separation had taken place during sub-T g annealing. When the glassy alloy was annealed at temperatures higher than T g, nanocrystalline structures, composed of Pd3Si and Pd phases plus a Pd9Si2 phase with a lamellar structure, was formed. 相似文献