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991.
MATERNITY LEAVE AND WOMEN'S MENTAL HEALTH 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Janet Shibley Hyde Marjorie H. Klein Marilyn J. Essex Roseanne Clark 《Psychology of women quarterly》1995,19(2):257-285
The Wisconsin Maternity Leave and Health Study addresses an important policy issue, parental leave, by investigating the work status, maternity leave, and mental health of 570 women. In the longitudinal design, the women, all of whom were living with a husband or partner, were interviewed during the fifth month of pregnancy, 1 month postpartum, and 4 months postpartum. At 4 months postpartum, full-time workers, part-time workers, and homemakers did not differ in depression or anger, but full-time workers showed elevated anxiety compared with the other two groups. In multiple regression analyses, length of leave interacted significantly with marital concerns when predicting depression; women who took a short leave (6 weeks or less) and were high on marital concerns had the highest depression scores. Short maternity leave can be conceptualized as a risk factor that, when combined with other risk factors such as marital concerns, places women at greater risk for depression. 相似文献
992.
993.
Supervisors representing different levels of experience viewed videotape vignettes of counselors demonstrating the first three developmental levels of Stoltenberg's (1981) Counselor Complexity Model. Supervisors assessed each counselor on his or her developmental level and on the supervision environment he or she would provide for the trainee. Results indicated that supervisor experience did not influence the assessment of developmental level or the ability to make accurate environmental matches. Nevertheless, supervisors had the most difficulty accurately assessing counselors representing Level 2 in Stoltenberg's model and tended to make relative judgments about counselor developmental level. Implications for training and further research are discussed. 相似文献
994.
Robert H. Pate 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1995,74(2):181-184
The guest editorial and featured articles have established the fact of counseling specialties and also that counselors have no clear or consistent scheme to recognize professional specialization. If counselors expect external recognition of and respect for their credentials, the credentials first must be recognized and understood by counselors. The experiences of other professions suggest strategies, but counselors must determine their own way of recognizing specialties without denying counselors' common identity. The profession and practice of counseling will be strengthened if all counselors have a minimum foundation of counseling knowledge and competencies and build accepted specializations on that foundation. The counseling profession must distinguish among work settings, professional interests, and specializations as a prerequisite to a coherent scheme of recognizing specialties. 相似文献
995.
With the end of the cold war, issues of environment and economic development are assuming greater international salience.
By the 1970s, environmental degradation was becoming pervasive, with growing global effects. Increasingly, global and emergent
globalized problems are forcing environmental interdependence on the world. Transboundary threats cannot be addressed unilaterally
by any single country or group of countries. The global environmental agenda is reviving the North-South debate and rejuvenating
the Third World coalition in international fora.
The encouragement of environmentally sustainable forms of industrialization in the South requires expanded and improved international
cooperation. However, the North’s greater resources and greater responsibility in causing global environmental degradation
require its continuing involvement in the search for solutions, including ones applicable to newly industrializing countries.
In June 1992, the largest intergovernmental conference ever held was convened in Rio de Janeiro to address these issues: the
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED, or the Earth Summit). It produced a consensus action plan
of about 700 pages: Agenda 21. Agenda 21 presents massive challenges for international cooperation as well as for national
and private actors and scientific and technical institutions. It reflects a complex configuration of demands for institutional
arrangements that support environmentally sustainable technical and socioeconomic change. One of the most consistent of the
Agenda 21 themes, and one of the most intractable issues, concerns “access to technology.” This can be as straightforward
as diagnosing and improving the efficiency of a production process in a small manufacturing firm, or as complex as engineering
a technological revolution in which production and consumption take place with virtually no material or energy loss to the
environment. The selection of entry points for action is a critical strategic problem as well as an important operational
issue.
In this paper I identify and describe new initiatives intended to improve the environmental performance of industry in the
South, and find that they largely aim to promote incremental industrial innovation through international technology transfer
and diffusion. This strategy raises many questions about how to promote effective technology transfer and diffusion.
This is a revised version of a paper prepared for the ORSTOM/UNESCO Conference “20th Century Science: Beyond the Metropolis,”
Paris, 19–23 Sept. 1994. 相似文献
996.
We conducted two experiments to investigate if college students would create false memories of childhood experiences in response to misleading information and repeated interviews. In both experiments we contacted parents to obtain information about events that happened to the students during childhood. In a series of interviews we asked the students to recall the parent-reported events and one experimenter-created false event. In the second experiment we varied the age at which we claimed the false event occurred. In both experiments we found that some individuals created false memories in these circumstances and in the second experiment we found no effect of age of attempted incorporation. In the second experiment we also found that those who discussed related background knowledge during the early interviews were more likely to create a false recall. Generalizations to therapy contexts are discussed. 相似文献
997.
Dr. Tad Goguen Frantz PhD 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1995,17(1):47-64
In the postmodern information era with its increasing complexity and demands on my time, I find storytelling increasingly attractive. The right story told to the right person(s) at the right time in the right way can powerfully define and shape both individuals and the systems into which they organize themselves. As interventions go, I find stories to be relatively high impact, low-risk, parsimonious, and user-friendly. This paper contains some of my favorite teaching stories and describes why and how I use them as both a family therapist and teacher of family therapy. 相似文献
998.
The aim of this study was to apply the narrative approach in analyzing family therapy meetings in cases of acute psychosis. The self-narrative is essential in acute psychosis since it is either collapsed or not coherent enough. The results indicate that it is important to create concrete practices that produce stories concerning the patient in relation to others. The self-narrative must be re-authored by the patient even though it is socially constructed. This is achieved by creating multiple perspectives of self-narratives in so-called therapy meetings with the patient, family members, and staff members representing different professionals. 相似文献
999.
Dr. J. Paul Gallant PhD Keith Brownlee PhD Rich Vodde MSW 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1995,17(1):143-157
This paper discusses issues relating to therapeutic practice based upon the narrative metaphor. A case of someone suffering the effects of Dissociative Identity disorder is used to illustrate the difficulties that clients can experience with the “expert” knowledge conception of therapy. The value of the “respectful” and “non-expert” emphasis of Narrative Practice emerges even when the therapist believes that he or she lacks expertise in the client's apparent “condition.” Three themes emanating from the case form the basis for the discussion: the client's experience of being recruited into accepting the diagnostic label of Dissociative Identity Disorder; the effects of being forced to accept a contract to eliminate self-abusive behaviour; and the therapist's dealing with a gun in the therapy room. 相似文献
1000.
Judith A. Rolls PhD 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1995,17(3):317-329
Supported by a review of relevant literature and a case study, the author argues that family therapy intervention enhances the likelihood of a female alcoholic's positive prognosis. With a basis in systems theory, family therapy views the family as a system and, hence, perceives the alcoholism as a symptom of that family. A profile of the female alcoholic, how her drinking affects her family, and the role that family therapy plays in the recovery process are examined. 相似文献