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141.
Perceived control and emotions: interactive effects on performance in achievement settings 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Joelle C. Ruthig Raymond P. Perry Steven Hladkyj Nathan C. Hall Reinhard Pekrun Judith G. Chipperfield 《Social Psychology of Education》2008,11(2):161-180
Individual differences in cognitions and emotions play a critical role in difficult academic situations, such as the transition
into college, a period infused with uncertainty. Perceived academic control (low vs. high) and emotions (course boredom, anxiety,
and enjoyment) were examined to determine how they jointly predicted 620 first-year students’ achievement and attrition over
an entire academic year. It was expected that students’ emotions would moderate the effects of high perceived control on achievement
(final psychology grade, cumulative GPA) and attrition (overall course credits dropped). Regression results revealed several
Perceived Control × Emotion interactions that supported this moderation hypothesis: negative emotions impeded the benefits
of high control (i.e., boredom and anxiety predicted worse performance in high-control students); positive emotions enhanced
the benefits of high control (i.e., enjoyment predicted better performance in high-control students). Conversely, achievement
emotions did not predict performance among low-control students. Together, these findings indicate that for a high level of
perceived control to enhance students’ academic achievement and inhibit attrition, “adaptive” levels of emotions (lower boredom,
lower anxiety, or higher enjoyment) are required. Implications for maximizing academic success among both low- and high-control
students are discussed.
相似文献
Joelle C. RuthigEmail: |
142.
Reinhard Kahle 《Studia Logica》2007,87(2-3):369-374
143.
An adequate study of emotions in music and film should be based on the real-time measurement of selfreported data using a
continuous-response method. The recording system discussed in this article reflects two important aspects of such research:
First, for a better comparison of results, experimental and technical standards for continuous measurement should be taken
into account, and second, the recording system should be open to the inclusion of multimodal stimuli. In light of these two
considerations, our article addresses four basic principles of the continuous measurement of emotions: (1) the dimensionality
of the emotion space, (2) data acquisition (e.g., the synchronization of media and the self-reported data), (3) interface
construction for emotional responses, and (4) the use of multiple stimulus modalities. Researcher-developed software (EMuJoy)
is presented as a freeware solution for the continuous measurement of responses to different media, along with empirical data
from the self-reports of 38 subjects listening to emotional music and viewing affective pictures. Behavior Research Methods 相似文献
144.
Altenmüller E Kopiez R Grewe O Schneider S Eschrich S Nagel F Jabusch HC 《Cognitive processing》2007,8(3):201-206
The Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine of the University of Music and Drama in Hannover, Germany, is a
unique Institution in Europe whose scope includes teaching the basics of music physiology and musicians' medicine and research
into the physiological and neurobiological principles of professional music performance and music perception. Furthermore,
the institute conducts research into the causes of occupational injuries in musicians and provides means for prevention, diagnosis
and treatment of such injuries. 相似文献
145.
ERP correlates of auditory negative priming 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Negative priming refers to slowed down reactions when the distractor on one trial becomes the target on the next. Following two popular accounts, the effect might be due either to inhibitory processes associated with the frontal cortex, or to an ambiguity in the retrieval of episodic information. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to identify the processing stage primarily associated with negative priming. In an auditory categorization task, reactions in negative priming trials were compared to reactions in a standard control (unrelated primes and probes) and a repetition control (attended prime=ignored probe) condition. Reactions were slower for negative priming than for standard control (Delta32 ms) and repetition control trials (Delta64 ms). The corresponding ERP effect was reflected in an attenuation of a sustained parietal positivity extending from 300 to 600 ms. Because corresponding ERP components were found to be sensitive to stimulus recognition and familiarity, the results may be interpreted to support an episodic retrieval account of negative priming. 相似文献
146.
Word lists are most commonly used in the investigation of human memory. To prevent transfer effects, repeated measures of
memory for words require multiple lists of different words. Yet, the psycholinguistic properties of all word lists employed
should match as closely as possible to avoid confounding with the independent variable(s) in question. Although comprehensive
databases for word norms exist, to our knowledge no tool is available that automates the creation of such equivalent word
lists. Instead, matching different lists is often accomplished prima facie. We have therefore developed a Windows program
called EQUIWORD that completely automates the creation of word lists that are truly parallel with respect to a wide range
of attributes. EQUIWORD takes psycholinguistic databases of different formats as input and computes several coefficients of
distance for every possible word pairing. Program output consists of a list of all word pairs sorted according to their distance.
On that basis, creating equivalent word lists is simply done by selecting the pairs with the lowest distance coefficients. 相似文献
147.
148.
Ho MH Regenwetter M Niederée R Heyer D 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2005,31(2):365-373
D. von Winterfeldt, N.-K. Chung, R. D. Luce, and Y. Cho (1997) provided several tests for consequence monotonicity of choice or judgment, using certainty equivalents of gambles. The authors reaxiomatized consequence monotonicity in a probabilistic framework and reanalyzed von Winterfeldt et al.'s main experiment via a bootstrap method. Their application offers new insights into consequence monotonicity as well as into von Winterfeldt et al.'s 3 experimental paradigms: judged certainty equivalents (JCE), QUICKINDIFF, and parameter estimation by sequential testing (PEST). For QUICKINDIFF, the authors found no indication of violations of "random consequence monotonicity." This sharply contrasts the findings of von Winterfeldt et al., who concluded that axiom violations were the most pronounced under that procedure. The authors found potential evidence for violations in JCE and certainty equivalents derived from PEST. 相似文献
149.
We give an overview of recent results in ordinal analysis. Therefore,we discuss the different frameworks used in mathematical proof-theory, namely subsystem of analysis including reversemathematics, Kripke–Platek set theory, explicitmathematics, theories of inductive definitions,constructive set theory, and Martin-Löfs typetheory. 相似文献
150.
Temporal order relations in language comprehension 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
van der Meer E Beyer R Heinze B Badel I 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2002,28(4):770-779
The role of temporal orientation (chronological or reverse) and chronological distance (close, intermediate, or distant) in general event knowledge on language comprehension was examined. Experiment 1 used a relation-recognition paradigm in which the comprehension of a target event could be facilitated or disrupted by the temporal orientation implied by the prior information. Experiments 2 and 3 used a sentence-probe-recognition paradigm in which the temporal orientation, the stimulus onset asynchrony, and the chronological distance between the sentence event and the probe event were manipulated. The results demonstrated that readers used temporal information conveyed by their knowledge to construct situation models while comprehending sentences. The internal temporal dimension appeared to be directional and reflected the chronological distance between everyday events. 相似文献