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141.
142.
Colin Howson 《Journal of Applied Logic》2009,7(2):177-187
In the nineteen sixties seminal work was done by Gaifman and then Scott and Krauss in adapting the concepts, tools and procedures of the model theory of modern logic to provide a corresponding model theory in which notions of probabilistic consistency and consequence are defined analogously to the way they are defined (semantically) in the deductive case. The present paper proposes a way of extending these ideas beyond the bounds of a formalised language, even the infinitary language of Scott and Krauss, to achieve a logic having the power and expressiveness of the modern mathematical theory of probability. 相似文献
143.
Colin Johnston 《Synthese》2007,156(2):231-251
It is not immediately clear from Wittgenstein’s Tractatus how to connect his idea there of an object with the logical ontologies
of Frege and Russell. Toward clarification on this matter, this paper compares Russell’s and Wittgenstein’s versions of the
thesis of an atomic fact that it is a complex composition. The claim arrived at is that whilst Russell (at times at least)
has one particular of the elements of a fact – the relation – responsible for the unity of the whole, for Wittgenstein the
unity of a fact is the product of copulative powers inherent in all its elements. All kinds of constituents of Tractarian
facts – all kinds (forms) of object – are, to use Fregean terminology, unsaturated. 相似文献
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147.
Colin A. Espie William R. Lindsay Lynne C. Espie 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1989,11(1):71-79
A comparison is presented of insomniacs' self-reported sleep pattern and objectively monitored sleep using the Sleep Assessment Device (SAD; Kelley & Lichstein, 1980). Analysis of 110 subject nights revealed modest but significant subjective overestimates of both sleep latency and sleep duration which were accounted for by the demands of the task (i.e., longer time periods are harder to estimate accurately). Correlations between self-report and SAD measures were, however, consistently high, suggesting that self-report may be a valid index of sleep disturbance. Results are discussed with reference to the clinician's task in evaluating sleep complaints.This research stury was supported by a grant from the Research Fund of Lanarkshire Health Board, Scotland. 相似文献
148.
Mental visual imagery interferes with vision: the Perky (1910) effect. Is the effect optical, sensory, perceptual, attentional, or just a response bias? Acuity was measured (in undergraduates and graduates) using target lines, with and without images (of lines). Optics (fixation, pupil size, accommodation), response bias, global attention (effort; diversion of attention to imagery), perceptual assimilation (target incorporation by imagery) and perceptual masking (of target by imagery) all fail to explain the effect. Foveally, local attention plays a limited role, as the Perky effect in divided attention is half that in focused attention, but this interaction vanishes with extrafoveal targets. Images produce primarily sensory interference, mimicking a reduction in target energy. 相似文献
149.
Colin A. Wastell 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1996,74(6):575-581
This article discusses the importance of counseling guided by a life-span development model. Major developmental tasks across the life span are outlined from an Eriksonian perspective. This is contrasted with the feminist development theory of S. Conarton and L. Kreger-Silverman (1988). Issues covered include the call by C. Gilligan (1991) for counselors to assist women to reclaim their intuitive voice and the importance of connectedness for women's development in Western society. Implications for counseling are explored with reference to borderline personality disorder and anorexia nervosa. 相似文献
150.
Sharan B. Merriam Bradley C. Courtenay Patricia M. Reeves 《Journal of Adult Development》1997,4(4):221-235
Erikson's epigenetic model of psychosocial development posits that each of eight stages unfolds in a particular sequence,
and each becomes the primary issue of concern at specified times in the life cycle. Erikson does not address, nor could any
empirical studies be located, exploring how the emergence of these eight stages might be affected by a diagnosis of terminal
illness. The purpose of this study was to understand how an HIV-positive diagnosis affected movement through Erikson's stages
of development. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 18 HIV-positive men and women under 45 years of age. Analysis
of the qualitative data revealed three findings regarding Erikson's stages: (1) The fifth stage of idenitity versus role confusion
was revisted and the sense of self is redefined; (2) the three adulthood stages of intimacy versus isolation, generativity
versus stagnation, and ego integrity versus depair were dealt with simulataneously and, in most cases, resolved favorably;
and (3) intimacy and generativity enabled and supported the resolution of the tasks of identity and ego integrity. 相似文献