Psychopathology in Children with Thalassemia Major

The present work investigated the prevalence and spectrum of psychopathology in children with thalassemia. Childhood psychopathology measurement schedule (CPMS), adapted from Child Behavior Checklist was administered on children with thalassemia major receiving regular blood transfusion. Age and sex matched children with other chronic illness (bronchial asthma) served as controls. 46.7% of children with thalassemia had a CPMS score of > 10 as against 17.1% in the control group. Children with thalassemia had higher scores in factors of conduct problems, special symptoms and somatization. This study highlights the significantly higher psychopathology in children with thalassemia major and emphasizes the need for psychosocial support during treatment.     

Empirical Evaluation of Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Indian Business Context

Knowledge about dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is essential for conducting any future research on the construct. The present study explores the suitability of OCB conceptualization developed by Organ (1988) in Indian business context. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to test the dimensionality of the 5-factor OCB conceptualization. Based on the results of CFA alternate conceptualizations were explored. A three factor conceptualization consisting of ??organization-orientation??, ??punctuality?? and ??individual-orientation?? factors showed excellent fit with data. Concurrent validity of factors was tested with organizational justice, organizational identification and job tenure. ??Organization-orientation?? and ??individual-orientation?? emerged as significant dimensions of OCB. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

Frank's 'cubic' hexagonal phase: An intermetallic cluster compound as an example

Frank introduced in 1965 the novel idea of projection from a four-dimensional cube to recover the points of a hexagonal lattice with a special c / a ratio of ( 3 - 2 ½. This was called a cubic hexagonal crystal, as there was a similarity to the conventional cubic crystals in that directions were perpendicular to planes with the same Miller-Bravais indices. While a number of crystals in the NiAs-Ni 2 In family have been reported with this special axial ratio, the number of atoms in the unit cell is small. As the first example of an intermetallic cluster compound, we identify µ-Al 4 Mn, µ-Al 4 Cr, Zn-Mg-Sm and a host of related intermetallics featuring a special aggregate of icosahedra as Frank's 'cubic' hexagonal phase or its variant. The metric is generated by the Friauf polyhedra and the icosahedral linkages and leads to a multimetric crystal and several interesting connections with hexagonal quasicrystals, hexagonal phases and derivative orthorhombic and lower-symmetry structures.     

Electron diffraction patterns from the Al–Mn decagonal phase

Abstract

The variety of electron diffraction patterns arising from the decagonal phase has been explored using a stereographic analysis for generating the important zone axes as intersection points corresponding to important relvectors. An indexing scheme employing a set of five vectors and an orthogonal vector has been followed. A systematic tilting from the decagonal axis to one of the twofold axes has been adopted to generate a set of experimental diffraction patterns corresponding to the expected patterns from the stereographic analysis with excellent agreement.     

Effect of lithium-ion irradiation on the crystallization kinetics of glassy Se98In2

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used to study the crystallization kinetics of glassy Se₉₈In₂ both before and after irradiation of the alloy with high-energy (50 MeV) lithium ions. After the ion-irradiation, significant changes in the kinetic parameters of crystallization of the glass were observed. The results are explained in terms of a model involving irradiation-induced defects.     

Fracture mechanism of a coarse-grained magnesium alloy during fracture toughness testing

The fracture mechanism during fracture toughness testing has been investigated on a coarse-grained magnesium alloy, with an average grain size of ～50 µm, and a low fracture toughness. The results show that {1012}-type deformation twins are formed at the crack tip and many dislocations pile up on these boundaries. The accumulated strains at these boundaries become the origin of fracture; i.e. cracks propagate along these boundaries between the deformation twins and the matrix.     

Evaluations,Attitude Similarity,and Interpersonal Attraction: Testing the Hypothesis of Weighting Interference Across Responses

The greater effect of negative than positive stimuli on judgments—the positive-negative asymmetry (PNA)—is rather pervasive. However, the effects of the valence of evaluations of the participant by the partner and attitude similarity between them on attraction have been inconsistent with PNA. The hypothesis that the weighting rule instigated by the first response interferes with the weighting rule normally expected for the second response was tested. As hypothesized, evaluations and attitude similarity interacted when attraction response was assessed prior to competence response but not when competence response was assessed first. The effects in the first measured response fully mediated the effects in the second measured response but not vice versa. Implications of the finding for attraction and PNA are discussed.     

Transgender Youth of Color and Resilience: Negotiating Oppression and Finding Support

This qualitative study explored the resilience of 13 transgender youth of color in the southeastern region of the U.S. The definition of resilience framing this study was a participant’s ability to “bounce back” from challenging experiences as transgender youth of color. Using a phenomenological research tradition and a feminist, intersectionality (intercategorical) theoretical framework, the research question guiding the study was: “What are the daily lived experiences of resilience transgender youth of color describe as they negotiate intersections of transprejudice and racism?” The researchers’ individuated findings included five major domains of the essence of participants’ daily lived experiences of resilience despite experiencing racism and transprejudice: (1) evolving, simultaneous self-definition of racial/ethnic and gender identities, (2) being aware of adultism experiences, (3) self-advocacy in educational systems, (4) finding one’s place in the LGBTQQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning) youth community, and (5) use of social media to affirm one’s identities as a transgender youth of color. Implications for practice, research, and advocacy, in addition to the study’s limitations are discussed.     

The influence of visual noise in the binding of irrelevant features to responses

ABSTRACT

In order to efficiently control our actions, stimuli and responses made to them are stored and integrated into event files. This integration is not restricted to relevant stimuli. Even irrelevant stimuli or features that co-occur at responding can be integrated with the response. In the presence of only one irrelevant feature, binding effects for that feature are generally observed. In the presence of more than one irrelevant features, empirical evidence is inconsistent. The present experiments tested feature-response binding effects for irrelevant features when more than one irrelevant feature was present. In two experiments feature-response binding effects for three irrelevant features (colour, shape, and location) were tested in a block-wise manner. In each block one feature was orthogonally varied to the response while the others were held constant (Experiment 1) or always changed (Experiment 2). Significant binding effects were observed for each of three features when the other two were held constant (Exp. 1). However, when the other two features were varied, significant binding effects were only observed for colour and location, but not for shape (Exp. 2). The results suggest that strength of feature-response binding effects is influenced by the variation of simultaneously presented features.     

The role of parenting and dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphisms in children's inhibitory control

Temperamental effortful control has important implications for children's development. Although genetic factors and parenting may influence effortful control, few studies have examined interplay between the two in predicting its development. The current study investigated associations between parenting and a facet of children's effortful control, inhibitory control (IC), and whether these associations were moderated by whether children had a 7‐repeat variant of the DRD4 exon III VNTR. A community sample of 409 3‐year‐olds completed behavioural tasks to assess IC, and observational measures of parenting were also collected. Negative parenting was associated with lower child IC. The association between children's IC and positive parenting was moderated by children's DRD4 7‐repeat status, such that children with at least one 7‐repeat allele displayed lower IC than children without this allele when positive parenting was lower. These effects appeared to be primarily influenced by parent support and engagement. Results extend recent findings suggesting that some genetic polymorphisms may increase vulnerability to contextual influences.