KILLING ON THE FRONTIER: MEAT EATING AS AN EXTREME CASE FOR CHRISTIAN ETHICS

This article argues that killing animals for food represents an extreme case within Christian moral thinking comparable to Karl Barth's Grenzfall argument against such violent acts as suicide, abortion, killing in self‐defense, capital punishment, and war. This position is in contrast to the view of many environmental philosophers who hold human hunting to be comparable to animal predation. It also disputes the language of substitutionary sacrifice prevalent in some Christian discussions of meat eating.     

Using Sibling Dyads to Understand Career Development

A clinical example is provided that illustrates the use of sibling pairings to understand the career development process.     

Decision Making in Vocational Theory: Evolution and Implications

This article examines the evolution of decision making from a position of minor significance to one of primary importance in vocational theory.     

The Effects of Role Induction on Trainees' Perceptions of Supervision

The effects of a role-induction procedure on beginning counselor-trainees' perceptions of supervision were examined using a 10-minute audiotaped summary of Bernard's (1979) model of supervision. Nineteen trainees were administered the role-induction procedure at either the 2nd, 5th, or 9th week of the academic term. Two self-report scales assessed trainees' conceptualization of supervision as well as expectations and attitudes toward the supervisory process. Results indicated that trainees evaluated supervision more negatively over the time period before the role induction. Following role induction, trainees reported a clearer conceptualization of supervision and a greater willingness to reveal concerns to their supervisors.     

DISTRACTABILITY OF MALES AND FEMALES IN COMPETING AURAL MESSAGE SITUATIONS. A RESEARCH NOTE

This study investigated whether females are more distractable than males in competing aural message situations. Ss were asked to listen to a tape which played two short stories simultaneously. They were instructed to listen to one story and to ignore the second. Ss were then tested on the story to which they were instructed to attend, and their scores were compared with male and female control groups to determine which sex group had extracted the most information from the listening session. It was concluded that males extracted more information and were thus less distracted.     

DETECTING DECEPTION: THE RELATIONSHIP OF AVAILABLE INFORMATION TO JUDGMENTAL ACCURACY IN INITIAL ENCOUNTERS

The research examined the relationship of available and used nonverbal and total information when observers make deception attributions during initial exposure. Twelve interviewees underwent a procedure designed to induce deception; this yielded six deceitful and six truthful interviewees, as reflected in behavior exhibited during a postprocedure interview. Eight coders estimated the amount of available nonverbal and total information. Eighty observers made judgments as to the veracity of the interviewees and reported the amount of nonverbal and total information used in making these judgments. Comparison of available information and used information models indicates inconsistencies in total information estimates and an inability to predict accuracy of judgments based on these estimates.     

LANGUAGE INDICES IN THE MEASUREMENT OF COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY: IS COMPLEXITY LOQUACITY?

Within an accepted measurement system of the construct termed cognitive complexity, an analysis of the relationship between cognitive complexity scores and such indices of verbal complexity as number of tokens, type-token ratio, and noun-verb/adjective-adverb ratio was conducted. Writing samples used to measure cognitive complexity were obtained and analyzed for verbal complexity. Results indicate that number of tokens account for 33 percent of the variance in cognitive complexity followed by noun-verb/adjective-ad verb ratio (8 percent) and the type-token ratio (1 percent). Results are discussed relative to the potential for loquacity to impact the measurement of cognitive complexity.