场景主旨加工及其机制

场景主旨是指观察者在一次注视场景的过程中所获得知觉和语义信息。近年来, 场景主旨加工研究已经成为视知觉领域的重要内容, 对该问题的研究将有助于揭示视觉信息加工的机制, 对智能机器视觉的研制也有一定的借鉴意义。对场景主旨加工的影响因素、争议性的问题以及场景主旨的神经基础进行评论; 未来可以在场景主旨加工的基本单元、相关的理论解释、层级加工的调节因素、注意的调节作用、时间动力特性和脑功能网络的构建等方面做进一步的探讨。     

Sinking Cohen's Flagship — or Why People with Expensive Tastes Should not be Compensated

G. A. Cohen argues that egalitarians should compensate for expensive tastes or for the fact that they are expensive. Ronald Dworkin, by contrast, regards most expensive tastes as unworthy of compensation — only if a person disidentifies with his own such tastes (i.e. wishes he did not have them) is compensation appropriate. Dworkinians appeal, inter alia, to the so‐called ‘first‐person’ or ‘continuity’ test. According to the continuity test, an appropriate standard of interpersonal comparison reflects people's own assessment of their relative standing: Person A can only legitimately demand compensation from person B if he regards himself as worse off, all things considered, than B. The typical bearer of expensive tastes does not regard herself as being worse off than others with less expensive tastes. Hence, in the typical case, pace Cohen, compensation for expensive tastes is inappropriate. The article scrutinizes this rationale for not compensating for expensive tastes. Especially, we try to bolster the continuity test by relating it to Dworkin's distinction between integrated and detached values, pointing out that an argument for the continuity test can be built on the assumption that equality has integrated value. In brief, the point is that a metric of equality should be assessed, partly, in virtue of its consequences for related ideals. One of these is the kind of justificatory community promoted by the continuity test. We defend this view against an objection to the effect that equality is a detached value. We conclude that the continuity test constitutes a strong foothold for the resourcist egalitarian reluctance to compensate people for their expensive tastes.     

EBION AT THE BARRICADES: MORAL NARRATIVE AND POST‐CHRISTIAN CATHOLIC THEOLOGY

My task in this article is to explore the question of the “place” of moral questions—questions of good and evil—in Christian faith, “faith” here being considered particularly as the content or narrative of belief. The thesis I will argue is that Christianity offers no substantial account or explanation of the origin(s) and nature of evil, that in a fundamental way Christianity is not concerned with offering such accounts, and that when the task of supplying accounts of the origin(s) and nature of evil is made central to the content or narrative of Christian faith that faith is made false: it is misunderstood.     

当前我国医患关系矛盾的原因与对策分析——对“经济人”假设的反思

从时代语境出发,对制约医患关系的“经济人”假设加以反思。指出“经济人”假设对人“自利”性的强调以悬置伦理道德属性为代价,决定了该假设不适宜作为具有“利他”性质的医患关系的指导价值观。当前医患矛盾的根源在于“经济人”假设不恰当地泛化应用。最后提出构建和谐医患关系的几点策略。     

《大乘起信论义记》中的"二门"

《大乘起信论》的主要观点是“一心、二门、三大、四信、五行”,而“一心、二门、三大”在理论上最为重要,四信、五行则主要讲修行实践方面的内容。在“一心、二门、三大”中,“二门”具有核心作用。“一心”要通过“二门”来显现,而“三大”则为“二门”中“心生灭门”所含摄。无“二门”则“一心”无法显现,同时,也就不存在“三大”。所以“二门”在《大乘起信论》中占有重要的地位。疏通它们之间的含义和关系也就至为重要。在这里,主要结合《大乘起信论》来分析法藏对于“二门”的看法。     

"《易》家候阴阳灾变书"考

西汉易学始于田何,传至孟喜而发生变化.导致这种变化的动因是一部"<易>家候阴阳灾变书".由于此书没有流传下来,因此,其内容具体如何不易断定.但我们可以根据孟喜的学术背景来对此做一番考察.根据史书记载,我们可以知道,孟喜的父亲是当时著名的春秋学家和礼学家,由此可以推断孟喜的思想应该受到其父的影响.正是在这种学术背景下,孟喜才诈造了一部"<易>家候阴阳灾变书",对易学进行了革命.其以<月令>的十二月时令为基本构架,融合了春秋学的阴阳灾异思想,以六十四卦来解说一年节气的变化,提出了一套系统的卦气说.