The Job Hunt: A Modern Test of Survival

Job clubs and other self-directed group job search processes have proven successful interventions. Job Search Education attempts to convert this process for use in secondary and postsecondary educational settings, and combines self-assessment with self-directed job seeking. The two processes are compared.     

WHEN POLITICS PAYS: FACTORS INFLUENCING MANAGERIAL COMPENSATION DECISIONS

Pay allocation decisions of 123 industrial uniform industry managers were investigated. Results showed that the managers awarded higher pay raises to a subordinate when they were dependent on the subordinate's expertise. Political connections led to a higher raise for the subordinate only when the subordinate made a dependency threat.     

On the relation between justification of solution method and correctness of solution in statistical problem solving

The relation between the justification of a choice of solution method and the correctness of that choice in statistical problem solving was investigated. In the first of two studies 16 subjects were asked to think aloud while solving two statistical problems. The results showed that an incorrect choice of solution method was more common when subjects did not justify their choice of solution as compared to when they justified their choice with domain-specific knowledge. Study 2 employed an experimental design. A group of 20 subjects were instructed to provide a justification for each choice of solution method, while another group of 20 subjects received no such instructions. The results showed no difference between the groups with respect to number of correct choices of solution method. A qualitative analysis of the justifications in the instructed group showed that the justifications for incorrect solution methods were more often incorrect than subjects' justifications for correct solution methods. The results in Study 2 suggested that the association found between incorrect choice of solution method and lack of justification in Study 1 was not in the first place due to a strategical deficiency on the part of the subjects but due to a lack of domain-specific knowledge.     

Confusions in Psychological Skills Training

A critical examination of the idea of psychological skills training is undertaken. Questions are raised concerning the conceptual validity and generalizability of programs that attempt to train psychological skills us a means of “giving psychology away.” Although the critique presented is primarily conceptual, specific references and illustrations are drawn from recent research and theorizing in applied psychology, as well as from published literature in counseling and psychological education.     

Attitudes of Disabled Individuals Enrolled in a Workstation Center and a Community College Program

This study measured the attitudes of disabled individuals toward the staff who gave them rehabilitation services. The attitudes of two groups of clients at a rehabilitation hospital were evaluated: (a) clients from a vocational rehabilitation workshop and (b) clients from a community college satellite program. Testing was performed at three-week intervals. It was found that clients in the community college program perceived their staff as having more concern than the workshop group. No relationship was found between attitudes and the length of time in the respective program. Clients who entered programs appeared to have attitudes that did not change to any great extent while they were in the rehabilitation programs.     

Curriculum Development in School Counseling

In response to a number of current tensions affecting school counselors and their discipline, a three-pronged solution is proposed, elaborated, and summarized.     

The Moderating Effect of Sex on the Prediction of Job Satisfaction in the Public Sector

The author reports the results of his study examining whether sex moderates the relationship between general job satisfaction or dissatisfaction and the 25 job satisfaction factors of the Triple Audit Opinion Survey (TAOS). The author conducted Hierarchical Multiple Regression Covariance Analysis to test the homogeneity of regression (intercepts and slopes) between males and females using the five orthogonal factors derived from the 25 job satisfaction components of the TAOS as the independent variables and the general job satisfaction scores of the TAOS as the dependent variable.     

The influence of parent negative emotional expression on adolescents' perceptions of their relationships with their parents

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parent affective expression in interactions and adolescent perceptions of their relationship. Observational and self-report data were collected on 85 intact families with adolescents in grades 5 to 9 (n = 44 males, 41 females). Each parent and adolescent took part in two 8-minute conversations–one about an activity they reported enjoying together and one about a disagreement or area of conflict. Conversations were coded on a speaker turn basis for positive, negative, neutral, mixed, and altered affect (kappa = .76). Physical maturation was related to adolescent perceptions of increased negative communication quality in all parent-adolescent dyads. Stepwise regression analyses indicated that expression by fathers of negative and mixed affect significantly predicted adolescent perceptions of communication quality, psychological autonomy, and firm/lax control, in addition to the effects of adolescent pubertal maturation. Mother affective expression in interactions was less consistently related to adolescent perceptions of relationship satisfaction. Implications for the salience of father versus mother affective expression in interactions with adolescents are discussed.