The Mediating Role of Creative Process Engagement in the Relationship between Shyness and Self‐Rated Creativity

Shyness has been found to have a negative impact on creativity. However, little attention has been given to the underlying process of the relationship between shyness and creativity. On the basis of literature, we hypothesize that shyness has an indirect impact on creativity through creative process engagement. Two studies were conducted on undergraduate students (Study 1) and working adults (Study 2) to test the hypothetical relationship. Analysis on participants self‐report showed that shyness was negatively associated with self‐reported creativity as well as creative process engagement. There was a positive relationship between creative process engagement and creativity. More importantly, mediation analysis supported that shyness was indirectly linked to creativity via creative process engagement. Specifically, shy people are found to be less involved in creativity‐relevant processes such as information searching and idea generation. The low level of creative process engagement, in turn, hinders their creativity. The findings not only lend support to the detrimental effect of shyness on creativity but also shed light on the underlying mechanism of the relationship.     

Regulatory mode and willingness to increase retirement savings contributions

This study examined how two self‐regulatory modes, locomotion and assessment, relate to the willingness to increase retirement savings. Locomotion is concerned with making things happen (“just do it”). Assessment is concerned with critical evaluation (“do the right thing”). We hypothesized that individuals who score high (vs. low) in locomotion, but not those who score high (vs. low) in assessment, would be more willing to increase their savings for retirement. In addition, because high (vs. low) assessment can lead to doing the right thing in terms of seeking to maximize economic returns, we hypothesized that combining high locomotion with high assessment would especially motivate willingness to increase retirement savings. We found support for both hypotheses from a survey of university employees.     

阳明学与袁宗道的“四书”诠释

公安派的重要代表人物之一袁宗道诠释“四书” ,显示了学宗阳明的取向 ,具有与儒林学人论学不尽相同的特色。袁宗道诠释“四书”与王门主意派形似而与王门现成派实同。宗道诠释“四书”是公安派中惟一系统解说儒家经典的著作。宗道通过提升意念 ,为公安派自然抒写性情提供了重要的理论依凭。     

从卦象爻位看《周易》阴柔阳刚的两仪分合

<周易>古经虽没有出现阴阳、刚柔概念,但已经以奇偶为依据,将二爻、八卦设置为属性阴柔和阳刚的两仪二分结构,重卦而成的六十四卦及每卦中的六爻因此形成上下卦之间、各爻之间种种阴阳刚柔关系.由<周易>对其分合处位的态度以及与之相应的吉凶判定可见其对于阴阳交合、刚柔持衡的钟爱和追求.     

德性伦理学的行为者中心论

当代德性伦理学认为,德性伦理学的根本特征在于以行为者为基础或中心。斯罗特认为,以行为者为基础的德性伦理学仅仅诉诸于行为者本身,或者说是一种有着普遍仁爱动机的德者。以行为者为中心的基本论点则认为,德性伦理学强调具有一定德性品格的行为者在某种情形下一定会有的行为。并且认为,品格德性本身具有规范的意义。     

反思启蒙与理解宗教

启蒙运动主要是指发生在西方18世纪的思想和社会运动,其宗旨是批判基督教中的保守和专制思想,反对教会政教合一的残酷政制.如伏尔泰所鼓吹的自然神论、狄德罗所宣扬的怀疑主义以及休谟所坚持的不可知论的经验主义等,对于基督教传统的神学独断论确实具有摧枯拉朽的作用.     

不幸福感的概念和模型

心理学家对幸福感的研究已有丰富的成果, 但是对不幸福感的研究还比较缺乏。对不幸福感的研究是从另一个角度来探究幸福感。本文对不幸福感的概念、不幸福感与幸福感关系以及不幸福感的模型进行介绍。Uchida和Kitayama提出了不幸福感的文化民俗模型, 认为不幸福感包括两个维度：即时享乐体验/应对行为, 认知评价/情感或动机的卷入。他们发现这两个维度具有跨文化的一致性。     

解析成功老龄化的新角度——毕生控制理论

本文介绍了成功老龄化研究领域中Heckhausen朗等人提出的毕生控制理论以及初级控制和次级控制的最优化模型.该模型综合了Baltes的带有补偿的选择性最优化模型以及Rothbaum的控制理论.文中对其进行了简单的评述及研究展望.     

条件推理中的二元效应初探

通过预备实验选取前件(或后件)是二元(或多元)的5种条件命题的4种推理形式作为实验材料,以大学本科生为被试,考察了五种不同条件命题类型对4种推理结果的影响.结果表明命题类型、推理规则以及两者的交互作用都非常显著.这个结果进一步验证了条件推理的集合映射模型.     

社会认知中的样例激活效应与内-外群体效应

采用信号检测论技术,以人格词单记忆为实验任务,探讨社会认知过程中样例激活效应与内-外群体效应对记忆过程的干扰作用.实验结果表明,(1)样例激活与群体范畴的交互效应对社会信息加工过程存在显著干扰作用.(2)与外群体相比,内群体的信息加工更不易受到干扰;与积极样例特质相比,消极他相关样例特质的信息加工更不易受到干扰.(3)在加工内群体成员信息而激活的是反面样例时,被试的判断标准最严.