如何正确处理"马克思学"与马克思文本研究的关系

国内既有的"马克思学"研究包括两种类型,西方"马克思学"批判和宽泛意义上的马克思文本和思想研究."马克思学"这个概念在思想史语境中已经形成了既定的内涵,而对于马克思文本和思想的研究是学界长期以来一直致力于其中的一项工作.因此,尽管"中国马克思学"的理论努力令人尊重,但却包含理论上的困扰.马克思恩格斯文本研究不是"马克思学"的专利.马克思主义的文本学研究内在要求解读者在学术和现实两个方面的理论自觉,对马克思恩格斯文本的研究应最终指向历史唯物主义方法的理解和发展.     

论先秦“军事软实力思想”

“军事软实力”概念是上个世纪末才刚刚由西方学者提出来的。但在中国先秦时代,辉煌的华夏文明已为该思想的萌生奠定了坚实基础。其中,“得道多助”的义战德胜思想,“尚智重谋”的诡道用兵思想,“以治为胜”的治军练兵思想等皆堪称中华智慧之树结出的丰硕果实,对后世中国用兵智慧的发展、兵学理论的充实和积淀都有着不可低估的影响。     

试论《太平经》关于天地人“三合相通”与“中和”的思想及其现实意义

道教的“中和”思想,在早期道教经典《太平经》一书中,是与它的天地人“三合相通”理论紧密地联系在一起的,其哲学基础,乃是它的元气论。     

论企业道德在企业可持续发展中的作用

拥有良好道德的企业具有与社会共存共荣的企业目的、合乎伦理地对待利益相关者的企业策略、经营道德素质较高的员工、合乎道德的企业文化等特征。这些特征有利于企业做出正确的决策,吸引、留住人才,充分调动员工的积极性,促进个人、部门、组织之间的协调,赢得利益相关者的支持与合作,不断创新与变革,同时,这也是企业可持续发展的关键。     

人生价值视阈中的荣辱感

作为道德情感的荣辱感能促使个体知"道"、欲"善"、致"诚".荣辱感能促进主体对以善为核心内容的社会伦理精神的把握,并将其提升为良知.荣辱感还是推动人们求荣行善的内在动力和心理基础,且将这种善欲升华为实践中守仁行义的美德操守.     

Connectedness affects dot numerosity judgment: Implications for configural processing

Participants judged the number of dots in visual displays with brief presentations (200 msec), such that the numerosity judgment was based on an instantaneous impression without counting. In some displays, pairs of adjacent dots were connected by line segments, whereas, in others, line segments were freely hanging without touching the dots. In Experiments 1, 2A, and 2B, connecting pairs of dots by line segments led to underestimation of dot numbers in those patterns. In Experiment 3, we controlled for the number of freely hanging line segments, whereas Experiment 4 showed that line segments that were merely attached to dots without actually connecting them did not produce a considerable underestimation effect. Experiment 5 showed that a connectedness effect existed when stimulus duration was reduced (50 msec) or extended (1,000 msec). We conclude that connectivity affects dot numerosity judgments, consistent with earlier findings of a configural effect in numerosity processing. Implications of the role of connectedness in object representation are discussed.     

Young driving learners’ intention to use a handheld or hands-free mobile phone when driving

This paper presents a survey investigating young driving learners’ intention to use a handheld or hands-free mobile phone when driving. A sample of 164 young driving learners completed a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which measured people’s intentions to use mobile phone while driving in handheld condition or hands-free condition, along with their attitudes towards the behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control. The regression analysis models revealed that the TPB was able to explain 43% and 48% variance in hands-free mobile phone use intention and handheld mobile phone use intention, respectively, with perceived behavioral control emerging as the strongest predictor. In addition, TPB components, usage frequency and perceived risk were more dependent on gender than age. These results have several theoretical and practical implications. In particular, interventions should emphasize on the risk of hands-free mobile phone use when driving for young drivers, especially for young male drivers.     

错误再认的双加工机制——兼作信号检测论的分析

采用DRM范式,通过对预警、呈现时间以及再认时间压力的同时操纵,深入探索错误记忆的产生机制.实验结果发现:(1)编码阶段的预警提示可使再认判断的标准趋于严格,从而降低错误记忆效应;(2)提取阶段的再认时间压力可显著降低被试对关键诱饵与学过项目的区分能力,进而提高错误记忆效应;(3)预警提示在无时间压力时要比有时间压力时更有效降低错误再认.该结果证实在记忆信息的提取阶段存在双加工过程,激活与监测的双加工在错误记忆产生过程中存在对抗式的交互作用.当监测过程在编码和提取两个阶段均受到易化时,策略性的控制过程最有效;当监测过程受阻时,将导致激活的效应更明显.     

对乙肝患者群体认知的矛盾态度:行为与ERP证据

采用GNAT范式并结合事件相关电位（ERP）,考查不同矛盾状态（高矛盾VS低矛盾）被试对特殊群体的态度及其在行为、脑加工机制上的差异。结果表明：（1）个体对于乙肝患者存在矛盾态度;（2）高、低矛盾被试对乙肝患者的态度差异,主要表现在积极维度而非消极维度上。（3）N270的出现及LPC的差异表明,矛盾态度的加工是个体根据背景对预存性评价予以修正的过程。     

科学发明问题解决的脑机制再探

选取高生态学效度的科学发明问题作为实验材料, 采用“学习−测试”的两阶段实验范式, 利用静息态功能磁共振成像技术, 基于局部一致性(ReHo)和低频振幅(ALFF)的分析方法, 研究科学发明问题解决的神经机制。在控制被试性别、年龄和常规性问题解决能力后, 结果发现左侧前扣带回(Anterior Cingulate Cortex, ACC)的ReHo值和个体科学发明问题解决的正确率显著正相关, ALFF的结果同样印证了这一发现。结果强调了ACC在科学发明问题解决过程中的重要作用。