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81.
Qin Zhu Todd Mirich Shaochen Huang Winona Snapp-Childs Geoffrey P. Bingham 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》2017,79(6):1830-1840
Many studies have shown that rhythmic interlimb coordination involves perception of the coupled limb movements, and different sensory modalities can be used. Using visual displays to inform the coupled bimanual movement, novel bimanual coordination patterns can be learned with practice. A recent study showed that similar learning occurred without vision when a coach provided manual guidance during practice. The information provided via the two different modalities may be same (amodal) or different (modality specific). If it is different, then learning with both is a dual task, and one source of information might be used in preference to the other in performing the task when both are available. In the current study, participants learned a novel 90° bimanual coordination pattern without or with visual information in addition to kinesthesis. In posttest, all participants were tested without and with visual information in addition to kinesthesis. When tested with visual information, all participants exhibited performance that was significantly improved by practice. When tested without visual information, participants who practiced using only kinesthetic information showed improvement, but those who practiced with visual information in addition showed remarkably less improvement. The results indicate that (1) the information is not amodal, (2) use of a single type of information was preferred, and (3) the preferred information was visual. We also hypothesized that older participants might be more likely to acquire dual task performance given their greater experience of the two sensory modes in combination, but results were replicated with both 20- and 50-year-olds. 相似文献
82.
Marina Chernikova Arie Kruglanski Dino Giovannini Loris Vezzali Junjie Su 《Journal of applied social psychology》2017,47(9):473-481
In two studies using Italian (N = 852) and American (N = 94) samples, we hypothesized that high NFC individuals would have lower intentions to use new technological developments, and that this relationship would be mediated by anxiety about the new technology. We found support for this hypothesis in Study 1, but not Study 2. In the second study, we found that the closed‐mindedness subscale of the full NFC scale was related to greater anxiety about new technology, which in turn led to lower intentions to use the new technology. This suggests that the closed‐mindedness facet of NFC may have been responsible for our results. A meta‐analytic synthesis of both studies provided some support for our original mediation hypothesis. 相似文献
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Generalized DINA Model(G-DINA)为认知诊断模型提供了一个一般性的理论框架,而高阶诊断模型不仅能描述被试的总体水平,还能描述被试对属性的掌握情况(微观的认知状态)以及被试掌握属性与能力的关系,提供更丰富的信息。如果能把这两者结合起来,可能对实际诊断工作的操作有较大帮助。文章首先对考虑高阶结构的整合性模型——HO-GDINA模型的形式进行讨论,探讨其参数估计EM算法的实现,并用模拟过程对模型的估计精度进行研究,结果验证了HO-GDINA的EM算法的正确性,并且说明该算法对该模型有较高估计精确度。然后用饱和模型在约束条件下的特殊形式HO-DINA模型对"分数减法"这一经典数据进行EM算法参数估计和具体分析,展示了HO-GDINA在实际情况中的具体使用,并与de la Torre之前用MCMC估计算法得到的研究结果做比较,基本一致,进一步表明HO-GDINA模型的参数估计EM算法在实际情境中的特殊形式下仍然适用。 相似文献
85.
Schizophrenia and schizotypy have been often associated with above average creativity; however, empirical studies on the relationship between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and enhanced creativity generated inconsistent results. This research investigates if the association between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and creative potential levels is dependent upon which cognitive processes are examined during administered tests of creative potential. Our study examined 117 participants stratified into the following three subgroups: (a) 39 psychometrically determined low-schizotypal individuals, (b) 35 psychometrically determined high-schizotypal individuals, and (c) 43 patients with schizophrenia. Each participant completed 2 divergent thinking (DT) tasks, 2 convergent thinking (CT) tasks, and 2 creative tasks that combine both DT and CT processes. The data suggest that Group C had typical abilities in the DT, CT, and the combined creative thinking tasks; however, the group as a whole had intact originality during the Figural Completion (DT task) and the Tangram Construction (combined task). Notably, Group B showed significant advantages in both verbal and figural DT tasks. Group A and Group B demonstrated no significant differences in the creative thinking processes of CT; however, both groups outperformed Group C in these tasks. 相似文献
86.
Hui Su Monica Cuskelly Linda Gilmore Karen Sullivan 《Journal of child and family studies》2017,26(4):1173-1183
The present study examined authoritative parenting and associations with parenting sense of competence and social support in Chinese mothers of children with intellectual disability and mothers of typically developing children. One hundred and sixty-seven mothers of children with intellectual disability with a mean age of 10.89 years (SD?=?1.74) and 119 mothers of typically developing children with a mean age of 10.55 years (SD?=?1.10) participated in a survey. Mothers of children with intellectual disability reported similar levels of parental warmth, and less use of reasoning and autonomy support compared with mothers of typically developing children. Parenting efficacy contributed uniquely to three dimensions of authoritative parenting for mothers of children with intellectual disability. By comparison, parenting efficacy did not contribute to use of reasoning and autonomy support for mothers of typically developing children. Social support made a unique but small contribution to parental warmth but not to parental reasoning and autonomy support for mothers of children with intellectual disability. For mothers of typically developing children, social support was associated with both parental warmth and autonomy support. This study suggests that child disability status is related to maternal authoritative parenting, and additionally, parenting efficacy plays a more critical role in predicting authoritative parenting of Chinese mothers of children with intellectual disability than mothers of typically developing children. 相似文献
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89.
不同SOA条件下的情感启动效应研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在150ms和250ms两种SOA条件下,以彩色图片为启动刺激,以汉语双字词为目标刺激,通过评价分类任务考察情感启动效应。结果表明在两种SOA条件下均存在显著的情感启动效应;积极启动和消极启动对目标词产生了不同的影响。类似Stroop效应的反应冲突机制可解释本研究所获得的结果。 相似文献
90.
诊疗最优化原则的伦理学探析 总被引:13,自引:6,他引:7
讨论了诊疗最优化原则的伦理学意义:它充分体现了医学的宗旨、医学职业道德理想和对患者的无私关爱,有利于纠正医疗卫生行业的时弊,昭示着医疗卫生改革发展的方向.针对实践中遇到的阻力和困惑,作者提出了促进最优化原则实施的五点建议. 相似文献