基于网络干预的心理健康素养提升有效性研究

研究旨在探索中国文化背景下心理健康素养干预的有效性,以及心理健康素养的提升对专业心理求助意愿、心理健康和幸福感的影响。研究采用实验组对照组前后测设计。结果表明:1.基于网络教育的干预方法能够有效提升心理健康素养,进而促进专业心理求助意愿,改善心理健康状况。但是对大学生的幸福感没有产生明显影响; 2.心理健康素养可以通过专业心理求助意愿分别影响心理健康状况和幸福感,且专业求助意愿和心理健康在心理健康素养和幸福感之间起着完全链式中介作用。总的来说,心理健康素养的有效提升不仅可以改善专业心理求助意愿,提高人们的心理健康水平,还可能增添生活幸福感。     

铁路装卸系统人力资源组合的研究

依据管理心理学的理论提出了人力资源优化组合的两阶段假设,使之形成可控制的操作程序。在铁路苏州装卸车间进行实验处理并选择情况相似的Ｎ站为比较组。实验前后苏州装卸车间和比较组之间都发生了明显的变化,运用《班组群体社会心理气氛调查表》测试职工的成就感、温暖感、舒适感等心理感受与劳动态度有关因素的认知水平等各项指标实控两组都有较其显著性差异。优化组合的企业职工的经济收入有了较大幅度地增加,企业的社会效益和经济效益明显提高。     

小学生创造性数学问题提出能力的发展研究

运用实验的方法,对371名小学生创造性数学问题提出能力的发展进行了研究。结果表明:1)小学生创造性数学问题提出能力整体呈现波浪式上升的趋势;2)男女生在创造性数学问题提出能力上不存在显著差异;3)城乡小学生创造性数学问题提出能力的发展差异显著,城市小学学生发展比乡村小学学生发展早一年。     

国内心理治疗和咨询专业人员及工作状况调查

本研究的主要目的是考察国内目前心理治疗和咨询的人员及专业工作方面的地区差异,并做出比较.调查包括全国29个省、市、自治区的1543名被试.按照行政区域分为华北、东北、华东、中南、西南和西北六个地区.本研究采用自编的调查表对心理治疗师/咨询师个人情况和专业工作情况进行了调查.结果发现各地区发展确实存在不均衡的状况,华北、华东地区的相关人员专业水平较高,专职工作比较完善;而西北地区则相对比较落后,体现在治疗师倍询师专职化、专业化程度较低等方面.     

Retrieval of concrete words involves more contextual information than abstract words: multiple components for the concreteness effect

The current study used the directed forgetting paradigm in implicit and explicit memory to investigate the concreteness effect. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to explore the neural basis of this phenomenon. The behavioral results showed a clear concreteness effect in both implicit and explicit memory tests; participants responded significantly faster to concrete words than to abstract words. The ERP results revealed a concreteness effect (N400) in both the encoding and retrieval phases. In addition, behavioral and ERP results showed an interaction between word concreteness and memory instruction (to-be-forgotten vs. to-be-remembered) in the late epoch of the explicit retrieval phase, revealing a significant concreteness effect only under the to-be-remembered instruction condition. This concreteness effect was realized as an increased P600-like component in response to concrete words relative to abstract words, likely reflecting retrieval of contextual details. The time course of the concreteness effect suggests advantages of concrete words over abstract words due to greater contextual information.     

The hard-won benefits of familiarity in visual search: naturally familiar brand logos are found faster

Familiar items are found faster than unfamiliar ones in visual search tasks. This effect has important implications for cognitive theory, because it may reveal how mental representations of commonly encountered items are changed by experience to optimize performance. It remains unknown, however, whether everyday items with moderate levels of exposure would show benefits in visual search, and if so, what kind of experience would be required to produce them. Here, we tested whether familiar product logos were searched for faster than unfamiliar ones, and also familiarized subjects with previously unfamiliar logos. Subjects searched for preexperimentally familiar and unfamiliar logos, half of which were familiarized in the laboratory, amongst other, unfamiliar distractor logos. In three experiments, we used an N-back-like familiarization task, and in four others we used a task that asked detailed questions about the perceptual aspects of the logos. The number of familiarization exposures ranged from 30 to 84 per logo across experiments, with two experiments involving across-day familiarization. Preexperimentally familiar target logos were searched for faster than were unfamiliar, nonfamiliarized logos, by 8 % on average. This difference was reliable in all seven experiments. However, familiarization had little or no effect on search speeds; its average effect was to improve search times by 0.7 %, and its effect was significant in only one of the seven experiments. If priming, mere exposure, episodic memory, or relatively modest familiarity were responsible for familiarity’s effects on search, then performance should have improved following familiarization. Our results suggest that the search-related advantage of familiar logos does not develop easily or rapidly.