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D.伊德(D.Ihde)是美国纽约州立大学教授,以研究技术现象学而著名。2004年至2006年伊德教授应邀两次赴中国讲学。本文作者借此对他进行了专访,现将其发表,希望它有助于国内技术哲学的研究。问:伊德教授,欢迎您到中国来。在您看来,作为一位技术哲学家,应该做些什么呢?答:技术哲学家应该做许多事情,我认为,他们应该意识到那些科学哲学家没有进行深入思考的东西,特别是19世纪末20世纪初,技术变得越来越复杂。哲学家应该思考人类在发展中所面临的重大问题,评估人类发展所赋予的各种内涵。20世纪早期的技术哲学家大多担心强有力的工业和军事技术… 相似文献
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关于俱有因的定义,现今的大多数辞典都是采用《俱舍论》第六卷中的“互为果义”的定义。但实际上这一定义是世亲用来指出有部在理论上存在矛盾的定义,并且受到了众贤的强烈批判。众贤在《显宗论》第九卷中则以“同一果义”来定义俱有因。其中的差异是因为在最早出现六因理论的著作《阿毘达磨发智论》中只是列举事例而没有给六因下定义,而六因理论又随着时代的发展而发展,所以在六因的定义上,存在着争论。比如,在《大毘婆沙论》中没有讨论到:“法”是“随相”的俱有因,而“随相”却不能成为“法”的俱有因的这种非对等的情况。因此《大毘婆沙论》中将俱有因理解成心和心所的这种互为因果,相互对等的情况。因此对俱有因的定义就偏向于“互为果”。而后来由于生灭四相理论的引入,所以触及到法与随相非互为俱有因的情况。但当时俱有因的定义还是延用原有的“互为果”的说法。因此遭到了《俱舍论》的强烈的攻击。最终,众贤将俱有因定义为“同得一果”。即同得一(士用)果的其它法是该果的俱有因。从而含摄了互为因果和非互为因果的两种情况。 相似文献
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根据目前国内采用的标准,选取学优生和学困生各120人。运用内隐学习中的双条件人工语法材料和强分离的实验范式,考察和比较了两种学生的内隐学习、内隐与外显协同学习的成绩。结果显示:(1)学优生在外显学习、协同学习(先内隐后外显以及内隐与外显交替)方式下的成绩显著好于学困生,而在内隐学习方式下,二者成绩差异不显著。(2)学优生的外显学习及协同学习成绩显著好于内隐学习成绩,而学困生在四种学习方式下成绩差异不显著。表明在人工语法学习中学优生的有意识学习及其与无意识的协同学习效果较好,而学困生的有意识学习及协同学习较差。 相似文献
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Journal of Child and Family Studies - We examined hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal stress reactivity as an indicator of differential susceptibility in moderating the links between family... 相似文献
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Sex Roles - Dating initiation is a challenging phase of heterosexual romantic relationship development, with men and women often having different expectations and interpretations of communicative... 相似文献
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Kenneth T. Wang Austin M. Johnson Yanmei Cao Li Zhang Allison Parsley 《Journal of Beliefs & Values》2019,40(1):104-121
The Attitudes Toward Religion Scale (ATRS) was developed to access the level of interest in and position toward the five state-approved religions in China. Data were analysed across two samples of Chinese college students. With Sample 1 (N = 278), exploratory factor analyses were used to select the 10 ATRS items corresponding to two factors: Interest and Position. With Sample 2, confirmatory factor analyses (N = 270) cross-validated the two-factor oblique model as well as a bifactor model. Cronbach alphas of ATRS subscale scores in the two samples ranged from .75 to .85. ATRS-Interest and Position were both positively associated with number of close relationships with religious people. In addition, negative attitudes toward religion was associated with being religiously proselytised by strangers. Moreover, female students reported more favourable attitudes toward religion compared to their male counterparts. The overall results support ATRS as a psychometrically strong and promising measure. 相似文献
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We conducted two experimental studies with between-subjects and within-subjects designs to investigate the item response process for personality measures administered in high- versus low-stakes situations. Apart from assessing measurement validity of the item response process, we examined predictive validity; that is, whether or not different response models entail differential selection outcomes. We found that ideal point response models fit slightly better than dominance response models across high- versus low-stakes situations in both studies. Additionally, fitting ideal point models to the data led to fewer items displaying differential item functioning compared to fitting dominance models. We also identified several items that functioned as intermediate items in both the faking and honest conditions when ideal point models were fitted, suggesting that ideal point model is “theoretically” more suitable across these contexts for personality inventories. However, the use of different response models (dominance vs. ideal point) did not have any substantial impact on the validity of personality measures in high-stakes situations, or the effectiveness of selection decisions such as mean performance or percent of fakers selected. These findings are significant in that although prior research supports the importance and use of ideal point models for measuring personality, we find that in the case of personality faking, though ideal point models seem to have slightly better measurement validity, the use of dominance models may be adequate with no loss to predictive validity. 相似文献