对“论三段论推理过程中结论正确性的两种判断标准”的几点评议

笔者认为,“论三段论推理过程中结论正确性的两种判断标准”［１］在其说明的实验及相关论述中,至少有以下问题值得探讨与商榷。１课题中的概念与构思１．１三段论第一格ＡＡＡ式≠三段论本章标题讲的是作为人类思维活动重要形式的“三段论”,实验研究中使用的材料全是三段论第一格ＡＡＡ式。１．２人（或人们）≠大学生文章摘要部分的主称为“人们”,实验小结部分的二条结论,第一条主称“大学生”第二条主称“推理者”。１．３实际推理≠对推理的分析≠判定推理结论正误实际的推理与对推理的分析和“判定推理结论是否正确”在概念及操…     

特质自我控制及其策略对主观幸福感的影响

探讨特质自我控制对主观幸福感的影响机制。多重中介模型揭示自我控制策略在特质自我控制(TSC)与主观幸福感(SWB)之间的作用。对924名大学生进行问卷调查,结果表明:情境选择、注意分配、认知重评均为TSC与SWB之间的中介变量。结论:解释了高特质自我控制个体SWB高的内在机制,也为自我控制过程模型提供实证支持。     

Depletion from Self‐Regulation: A Resource‐based Account of the Effect of Value Incongruence

Value incongruence between employees and organizations has been identified as a negative work condition. An attitude‐based account suggests that value incongruence gives rise to negative attitudes toward organizations and thus causes low performance. To complement this mechanism, we propose a resource‐based account based on ego‐depletion theory, which suggests that value incongruence consumes an individual's regulatory resources and leads to low work performance. In support of this view, results from 2 survey studies and a vignette experiment reveal that value incongruence is positively associated with ego depletion, which in turn is negatively related to work performance. The mediation effect of ego depletion is independent of the attitude‐based mechanism as represented by job satisfaction and affective commitment. Consistent with the affective consistency perspective, the relationship between value incongruence and ego depletion is stronger among employees high in positive affectivity and weaker among employees high in negative affectivity. The corresponding moderated mediation analysis shows that the indirect effects of value incongruence on work performance through ego depletion vary as a function of positive and negative affectivity. This investigation unravels the self‐regulatory consequence of value incongruence and shows that the resource‐based mechanism of value incongruence operates differentially as a function of dispositional affectivity.     

无本质的应用伦理学--对当前应用伦理学本质特征争论的质疑

近年来,国内<哲学动态>、<哲学研究>、<中国哲学年鉴>、<光明日报>、<中国人民大学学报>、<自然辩证法研究>、<道德与文明>等报刊开辟了专门园地,讨论"应用伦理学的本质特征".毋庸置疑,这一讨论直接推动了应用伦理学在我国的发展,增进了学界对应用伦理学特征的更为准确的理解和把握.     

虚拟团队沟通模式对信任和绩效的作用

本研究采用资源两难的情景模拟．研究虚拟团队中沟通模式对于团队信任和绩效的作用,120名被试参与了实验。研究发现．虚拟团队在资源两难任务中．沟通模式对信任和绩效的作用均达到显著水平．团队的信任和绩效水平在网络式沟通模式中最高,其次是层级模式,在序列模式中最低,显示了沟通模式在虚拟团队中作用方式。     

不同焦虑类型的自我图式的实验研究

本文将焦虑大学生区分为三种类型,采用实验的方法研究焦虑大学生自我图式与正常大学生自我图式的差异,以及不同焦虑类型之间自我图式的差异,结果发现,焦虑大学生存在状态性的焦虑自我图式,状态焦虑大学生的自我图式也是状态性的,特质焦虑大学生不存在焦虑的自我图式     

Prefer feeling bad? Subcultural differences in emotional preferences between Han Chinese and Mongolian Chinese

As a multi‐ethnic country that is comprised of diverse cultural systems, there has been little research on the subcultural differences in emotional preferences in China. Also, little attention has been paid to examine how explicit and implicit attitudes towards emotions influence emotional preferences interactively. In this study, we manipulated explicit attitudes towards emotions among Han (N = 62) and Mongolian Chinese individuals (N = 70). We assessed participants' implicit attitudes towards emotions to explore their contributions to emotional preferences. (a) Han Chinese had lower preferences for pleasant emotions than Mongolian Chinese after inducing contra‐hedonic attitudes towards emotions, and (b) after priming contra‐hedonic attitudes towards emotions, the more Han Chinese participants evaluated pleasant emotions as negative implicitly, the less they preferred to engage in pleasant emotional activities. These findings contribute to the growing literature of subcultural differences and demonstrate that explicit and implicit attitudes towards emotions interactively influence individuals' emotional preferences between different subculture groups.     

中国成年人认知风格调查报告*

应用《心理健康素质测评系统·中国成年人认知风格问卷》对全国23个省、市、自治区的6432名成年人的认知风格进行了调查。结果发现:中国成年人的认知风格总体水平较好。比较不同人口学特征的成年人在认知风格各维度上的差异发现:(1)女性在灾难化维度上得分显著高于男性;(2)随着年龄的增长,成年人的认知风格总均分及各维度得分均呈上升趋势;(3)农村成年人认知风格总均分及各维度得分显著高于城市成年人;(4)随着受教育程度的提高,成年人的认知风格总均分及各维度得分呈下降趋势;(5)年龄段与受教育程度在选择性提取维度上存在交互作用,其中初中文化程度的老年组被试得分最高。     

Metaphorical mapping between raw–cooked food and strangeness–familiarity in Chinese culture

Previous research has demonstrated metaphorical mappings between physical coldness–warmth and social distance–closeness. Since the concepts of interpersonal warmth are frequently expressed in terms of food-related words in Chinese, the present study sought to explore whether the concept of raw–cooked food could be unconsciously and automatically mapped onto strangeness–familiarity. After rating the nutritive value of raw or cooked foods, participants were presented with morphing movies in which their acquaintances gradually transformed into strangers or strangers gradually morphed into acquaintances, and were asked to stop the movies when the combined images became predominantly target faces. The results demonstrated that unconscious and automatic metaphorical mappings between raw–cooked food and strangeness–familiarity exist. This study provides a foundation for testing whether Chinese people can think about interpersonal familiarity using mental representations of raw–cooked food and supports cognitive metaphor theory from a crosslinguistic perspective.     

管理的科学性与生产力的精神性——对"管理是生产力"命题的新理解

在管理哲学研究中,"管理是生产力"是一个重要的命题.随着相关研究的展开,这个命题的意义应该得到充实和深化.[1]这可以从两个方面来分析:第一,只有具备科学性的管理,才能够对生产力的发展具有积极的意义.第二,精神和文化是生产力的重要影响因素,是管理活动成为生产力的重要因素.