全文获取类型
收费全文 | 553篇 |
免费 | 54篇 |
国内免费 | 91篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 28篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 22篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 42篇 |
2012年 | 24篇 |
2011年 | 51篇 |
2010年 | 43篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 35篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有698条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Xiaochen Hu Hermann Ackermann Jason A. Martin Michael Erb Susanne Winkler Susanne M. Reiterer 《Brain and language》2013
Individual differences in second language (L2) aptitude have been assumed to depend upon a variety of cognitive and personality factors. Especially, the cognitive factor phonological working memory has been conceptualised as language learning device. However, strong associations between phonological working memory and L2 aptitude have been previously found in early-stage learners only, not in advanced learners. The current study aimed at investigating the behavioural and neurobiological predictors of advanced L2 learning. Our behavioural results showed that phonetic coding ability and empathy, but not phonological working memory, predict L2 pronunciation aptitude in advanced learners. Second, functional neuroimaging revealed this behavioural trait to be correlated with hemodynamic responses of the cerebral network of speech motor control and auditory-perceptual areas. We suggest that the acquisition of L2 pronunciation aptitude is a dynamic process, requiring a variety of neural resources at different processing stages over time. 相似文献
42.
Liangyun Lan Xiangwei Kong Zhiyong Hu Chunlin Qiu 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(12):764-771
The Y-groove cracking test by submerged arc welding was employed to study the susceptibility of a low-carbon high-strength steel to hydrogen-induced cold cracking (HICC). The morphology of hydrogen cracks was observed using an electron probe microscope. The results showed that the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has a higher susceptibility to HICC than the weld metal and that increasing heat input can improve the HICC resistance of the weldment. The intergranular microcracking is the main HICC mode at the lowest heat input condition, accompanied with some transgranular microcracks attached to complex inclusions. In combination with phase transformation behaviour in sub-zones, the effect of the phase transformation sequence is proposed to try to illustrate the fact that the fine-grained HAZ has higher probability of hydrogen cracking than the coarse-grained HAZ owing to the occurrence of hydrogen enrichment in the fine-grained HAZ after the transformation. 相似文献
43.
Tae Wook Heo Yi Wang Saswata Bhattacharya Xin Sun Shenyang Hu Long-Qing Chen 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(2):110-121
We propose a phase-field model for modeling microstructure evolution during deformation twinning. The order parameters are proportional to the shear strains defined in terms of twin plane orientations and twinning directions. Using a face-centered cubic Al as an example, the deformation energy as a function of shear strain is obtained using first-principle calculations. The gradient energy coefficients are fitted to the twin boundary energies along the twinning planes and to the dislocation core energies along the directions that are perpendicular to the twinning planes. The elastic strain energy of a twinned structure is included using the Khachaturyan's elastic theory. We simulated the twinning process and microstructure evolution under a number of fixed deformations and predicted the twinning plane orientations and microstructures. 相似文献
44.
We argue that that in their recent experiment in which they claim to have found evidence for a time-reversal symmetry broken state, Kaminski et al. () (Nature, 416, p. 610) overlooked small temperature-dependent changes in the superstructure of Bi2212. These subtle changes may manifest themselves by changing the final state configurations of the photoemission process and thus invalidate their ultimate conclusions. 相似文献
45.
The microstructure and crystallization behaviour of melt-spun Al88Ni9Ce2Fe1 amorphous alloy and nanophase composites have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning and isothermal calorimetry. The diffraction patterns from Al88Ni9Ce2Fe1 amorphous alloys are diffuse, indicating a basically amorphous structure but contain two rings presumed to be associated with quenched-in nuclei. In the cases of Al88Ni9Ce2Fe1 nanophase composites, nanoscale precipitated particles are homogeneously dispersed in an amorphous matrix, and the crystallite diameter and volume fraction are sensitive to quenching conditions. During thermal crystallization, a two-step phase transformation occurs in the amorphous alloy and nanocomposites, which is characterized by a diffusion-controlled precipitation of nanoscale Al particles and the growth of a Al3(Ni, Fe) nanophase prior to a Al11Ce3 nanophase. This study gives insight into structure-control for obtaining nanophases dispersed in an amorphous matrix by rapid quenching. 相似文献
46.
人工智能研究中,行动这一概念通常在理论框架中有完全的定义。然而,现实中的行动有时难以完全刻画。智能体需要从过去的经验观察中习得行动的后果。本文提出一种基于时态结构的行动一结果学习理论。在自然数时间结构中,智能体通过观察过去的恒常联系建立因果关系。智能体依据己建立的因果关系指导将来的行动。同时,我们给出关于该理论的一个完全的逻辑演绎系统,并给出基于该逻辑的智能体行动的有效算法。 相似文献
47.
Shun Fujimaki Ting Hu Yutaka Kosaki 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2024,121(1):97-107
This study investigated how goal-directed and habitual behaviors recover after extinction within the context of the resurgence effect, a form of relapse induced by the removal or worsening of alternative reinforcement. Rats were trained to press a target lever with one reinforcer (O1) for either minimal (4) or extended (16) sessions. An extinction test after the completion of O1 devaluation confirmed that minimal and extended training formed goal-directed and habitual behaviors, respectively. Then, pressing an alternative lever was reinforced with a second reinforcer (O2) while the target response was placed on extinction. When O2 was discontinued, the minimally trained target response resurged with goal-directed status as in the extinction test. However, the extinguished habitual behavior in the extensively trained rats did not recover as a habit but instead with goal-directed status, possibly due to the context specificity of habits or the introduction of a new response–reinforcer contingency. The critical finding that reinforcer devaluation consistently led to less resurgence regardless of the amount of acquisition training provides a clinical implication that coupling differential-reinforcement-of-alternative-behavior (DRA) treatments with the devaluation of the associated reinforcer of problematic behavior could effectively diminish its recurrence. 相似文献
48.
非政府组织是与政府组织不同的另一类社会治理组织,属一种新的上层建筑形式。非政府组织与联合国和各国政府部门既有密切联系又持有一定距离,既包括政治倾向较强的组织,也包括非盈利组织。非政府组织迅猛发展的根本原因在于它能有效地解决社会生活中存在着政府失灵和市场所带来的诸多问题,促进社会经济,政治和文化的协调发展,对社会的平衡和安定具有极大的作用。 相似文献
49.
2002年11月~2003年3月,我受德国赛德尔基金会的资助,到德国爱尔兰根大学汉学系做访问研究.期间访问了慕尼黑大学汉学家叶翰教授,谈到了对中国哲学及中国哲学史研究的一些看法.现摘发出来,以飨国内学者. 相似文献
50.
我国汉传佛乐在当代仍保留着诸多古代音乐传统,这在我国传统音乐中颇具特色,如当今常见的盂兰盆法会、水陆法会等已流传近千年;而明清时随寺庙间交流而传入各地的梵呗,至今依然与原生地保持着一致。[1]汉传佛乐之所以能够历经千年而流传至今,很可能拥有一套独特的传承体系。 相似文献