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381.
“心理理论”是认知发展领域的研究热点之一,迄今已积累了大量行为研究的证据。心理理论具有领域特异的模块化认知机制,脑成像研究中也发现心理理论任务激活前额叶皮质等多个模块区域。论文阐述了真实表征与错误信念、心智互动等心理理论推理的神经机制,总结了该领域存在的问题并对今后研究的发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   
382.
通过对274位农民工(其中犯罪农民工134人,普通农民工140人)总体幸福感和社会支持的问卷调查及比较,得出以下结论:(1)农民工的总体幸福感与社会支持的高低对其犯罪有着显著性影响。(2)文化层次在农民工犯罪上体现出明显影响,呈现出低学历犯罪人数远高于较高学历的局势。(3)犯罪农民工的总体幸福感与社会支持总体及其各因子之间具有显著性相关。  相似文献   
383.
地方政府改革视野中的政府公债   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
高静 《学海》2007,(3):138-142
本文在总结现有公债理论的基础上,选择从政治文化和政府体制入手,具体分析了不同类型的政治文化和政府体制背景下政府公债的发展状况,着重探讨了地方政府改革中地方政府公债的作用和影响。并结合我国地方政府目前的融资状况,努力寻求我国地方政府发行公债的解决方案。  相似文献   
384.
高兵  高峰强 《心理科学》2005,28(6):1358-1361
该研究通过词汇判断作业考察了中文双字合成词的心理表征问题。目标刺激为高频透明、高频不透明、低频透明、低频不透明词各12个和48个假词,被试任务为即既又准的判断目标刺激是否是一个词。结果发现,高频词的词汇判断速度快于低频词,透明词的词汇判断速度快于不透明词,词频和语义透明度有显著的交互作用。透明度对低频词的识别所起的作用大于对高频词的识别所起的作用。  相似文献   
385.
Gao  Shan 《Synthese》2019,196(1):299-311
Synthese - It has been realized that the measurement problem of quantum mechanics is essentially the determinate-experience problem, and in order to solve the problem, the physical state...  相似文献   
386.
    
A fundamental question in reading research concerns whether attention is allocated strictly serially, supporting lexical processing of one word at a time, or in parallel, supporting concurrent lexical processing of two or more words (Reichle, Liversedge, Pollatsek, & Rayner, 2009). The origins of this debate are reviewed. We then report three simulations to address this question using artificial reading agents (Liu & Reichle, 2010; Reichle & Laurent, 2006) that learn to dynamically allocate attention to 1–4 words to “read” as efficiently as possible. These simulation results indicate that the agents strongly preferred serial word processing, although they occasionally attended to more than one word concurrently. The reason for this preference is discussed, along with implications for the debate about how humans allocate attention during reading.  相似文献   
387.
388.
    
The authors’ goals were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Child Social Preference Scale (CSPS; R. J. Coplan, K. Prakash, K. O'Neil, & M. Armer, 2004) and examine the links between both shyness and unsociability and indices of socioemotional functioning in young Chinese children. Participants included of two samples recruited from kindergarten classes in two public schools in Shanghai, China. Both samples included children 3–5 years old (Sample 1: n = 350, Mage = 4.72 years, SD = 0.58 years; Sample 2: n = 129, Mage = 4.40 years, SD = 0.58 years). In both samples, mothers rated children's social withdrawal using the newly created Chinese version of the CSPS, and in Sample 2, teachers also provided ratings of socioemotional functioning. Consistent with previous findings from other cultures, results from factor analyses suggested a 2-factor model for the CSPS (shyness and unsociability) among young children in China. In contrast to findings from North America, child shyness and unsociability were associated with socioemotional difficulties in kindergarten. Some gender differences were also noted. Results are discussed in terms of the assessment and implications of social withdrawal in early childhood in China.  相似文献   
389.
    
A telehealth system was developed to monitor risk following hospitalization for suicidal ideation. We hypothesized that 3 months of telehealth monitoring will result in a greater reduction in suicidal ideation. Veterans with schizophrenia admitted with recent suicidal ideation and/or a suicidal attempt were recruited into a discharge program of VA Usual Care with daily Health Buddy© monitoring (HB) or Usual Care (UC) alone. Fifteen of 25 were randomized to HB and 10 received UC. Daily adherence in the use of the HB system during months 1–3 was, respectively, 86.9%, 86.3%, and 84.1%. There were significant improvements in Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation scores in HB participants. There were no changes in depressive symptoms. Telehealth monitoring for this population of patients appears to be feasible.  相似文献   
390.
    
We show that time priming leads consumers to adopt an alternative-based evaluation strategy, whereas money priming elicits the use of an attribute-based evaluation strategy. In Experiment 1, we used process tracing in Mouselab to test this proposition, and the results suggested that the effect of time versus money priming on the choice of product-evaluation strategy was mediated by a holistic versus piecemeal information-processing. The results of Experiments 2A and 2B showed that the use of time versus money priming to trigger the choice of an alternative-based versus attribute-based evaluation strategy may result in systematic preference reversals. Specifically, when time (versus money) was primed, the participants were found to be more likely to choose a product dominating on a verbally described (versus numerically described) attribute (Experiment 2A), and one dominating on a non-alignable (versus alignable) attribute (Experiment 2B).  相似文献   
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