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91.
92.
Several studies in the organisational citizenship behavior (OCB) literature have focused on the main effects of employee dispositions and job attitudes. The current study builds upon previous findings by examining whether core self‐evaluations (CSE) moderate the relationship between job attitudes and OCBs. Consistent with our hypotheses and with the notion that CSE contributes to one's general level of initiative and self‐confidence, data collected from 200 New Zealand workers found that the job attitude–OCB relationship was stronger for workers who were high in CSE than for workers who were low in CSE. 相似文献
93.
Weizhen Xie 《Cognition & emotion》2018,32(4):674-690
Although memories are more retrievable if observers’ emotional states are consistent between encoding and retrieval, it is unclear whether the consistency of emotional states increases the likelihood of successful memory retrieval, the precision of retrieved memories, or both. The present study tested visual long-term memory for everyday objects while consistent or inconsistent emotional contexts between encoding and retrieval were induced using background grey-scale images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). In the study phase, participants remembered colours of sequentially presented objects in a negative (Experiment 1a) or positive (Experiment 2a) context. In the test phase, participants estimated the colours of previously studied objects in either negative versus neutral (Experiment 1a) or positive versus neutral (Experiment 2a) contexts. Note, IAPS images in the test phase were always visually different from those initially paired with the studied objects. We found that reinstating negative context and positive context at retrieval resulted in better mnemonic precision and a higher probability of successful retrieval, respectively. Critically, these effects could not be attributed to a negative or positive context at retrieval alone (Experiments 1b and 2b). Together, these findings demonstrated dissociable effects of emotion on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of visual long-term memory retrieval. 相似文献
94.
采用回归分析和结构方程建模技术探讨了708名普通高中和职业高中学生的家庭功能、生存质量和社会责任心的差异及其关系。结果发现:(1)普通高中学生的家庭功能、生存质量和社会责任心均显著优于职业高中学生;(2)普高、职高学生的家庭功能和生存质量对其社会责任心的预测效应不尽一致,普高学生社会责任心受家庭功能亲密度和适应性两维度及生存质量心理功能和社会功能两维度的复合影响,而职高学生社会责任心主要受家庭功能亲密度及生存质量的社会功能维度的影响;(3)普高学生的家庭功能通过中介变量生存质量间接影响社会责任心,而职高学生的家庭功能直接影响社会责任心和生存质量。 相似文献
95.
Falcone DC Wood EM Xie SX Siderowf A Van Deerlin VM 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(4):384-395
The most common genetic contributor to late-onset Parkinson disease (PD) is the LRRK2 gene. In order to effectively integrate LRRK2 genetic testing into clinical practice, a strategy tailored to the PD population must be developed. We assessed 168 individuals
with PD for baseline knowledge of genetics, perceived risk, and interest and opinions regarding genetic counseling and testing.
Most participants felt that they were familiar with general genetics terms but overall knowledge levels were low, with an
average score of 55%. The majority of participants thought it was likely they inherited a PD gene (72%), believed genetic
testing for PD would be useful (86%), and were interested in genetic testing (59%) and genetic counseling (56%). However,
only a few participants had heard of any genetic tests for PD (29%) or LRRK2 (10%). There appears to be a significant level of interest in genetics and genetic testing within the PD population, but
a considerable deficit in genetics knowledge and an over-estimation of risk. Genetic education and counseling tools to address
these needs were developed to provide patients with the ability to make informed and knowledgeable genetic testing decisions. 相似文献
96.
Li Q Liu XS Zeng QW Xue QS Cao XH Liu J Ren Y Yu BW 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2011,96(3):492-497
Considerable evidence indicates that the noradrenergic system of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) participates in the consolidation of various types of emotionally arousing memories. We previously reported that administration of an anesthetic-dose of sevoflurane immediately after continuous multiple-trail inhibition avoidance (CMIA) training impaired memory consolidation. This experiment investigated whether posttraining noradrenergic activation of the BLA is sufficient to reverse the memory impairing effect of sevoflurane. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral injections of norepinephrine (NE 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 μg/0.5 μl) or normal saline (NS 0.5 μl) immediately after training in a CMIA paradigm. Subsequently, the rats were exposed to sevoflurane (2% inspired) or air for 2h. Norepinephrine produced a dose-dependent enhancement of memory consolidation on a 24-h retention test. The highest dose of NE tested (3.0 μg/0.5 μl) blocked sevoflurane-induced impairment of memory consolidation and reversed the inhibitory effect of sevoflurane on activity-regulated cytoskeletal protein (Arc) expression in the hippocampus 2h after training. These findings provide evidence that the mechanism mediating the memory-impairing effect of sevoflurane involves a network interaction between the BLA noradrenergic system and modulation of Arc protein expression in the hippocampus. 相似文献
97.
A cGMP-dependent protein kinase gene, foraging, modifies habituation-like response decrement of the giant fiber escape circuit in Drosophila 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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The Drosophila giant fiber jump-and-flight escape response is a model for genetic analysis of both the physiology and the plasticity of a sensorimotor behavioral pathway. We previously established the electrically induced giant fiber response in intact tethered flies as a model for habituation, a form of nonassociative learning. Here, we show that the rate of stimulus-dependent response decrement of this neural pathway in a habituation protocol is correlated with PKG (cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase) activity and foraging behavior. We assayed response decrement for natural and mutant rover and sitter alleles of the foraging (for) gene that encodes a Drosophila PKG. Rover larvae and adults, which have higher PKG activities, travel significantly farther while foraging than sitters with lower PKG activities. Response decrement was most rapid in genotypes previously shown to have low PKG activities and sitter-like foraging behavior. We also found differences in spontaneous recovery (the reversal of response decrement during a rest from stimulation) and a dishabituation-like phenomenon (the reversal of response decrement evoked by a novel stimulus). This electrophysiological study in an intact animal preparation provides one of the first direct demonstrations that PKG can affect plasticity in a simple learning paradigm. It increases our understanding of the complex interplay of factors that can modulate the sensitivity of the giant fiber escape response, and it defines a new adult-stage phenotype of the foraging locus. Finally, these results show that behaviorally relevant neural plasticity in an identified circuit can be influenced by a single-locus genetic polymorphism existing in a natural population of Drosophila. 相似文献
98.
“佛法非宗教非哲学”的思想是近代佛学大师欧阳渐先生提出来的。该文考察了欧阳渐对“佛法”的理解,并在对“如何正确理解”、“如何客观评判”、“如何合理发扬”欧阳渐“佛法”思想等问题展开讨论的同时,简要分析了该思想的成因、价值及其学术意义。该文认为:要客观评判欧阳渐的“佛法”思想,应该正确区分“佛法”与“佛教”、“佛学”的关系,全面理解其“佛法”思想,并根据“佛法”的实际来加以评价;佛法非宗教非哲学而始终为人类所必需,乃是欧阳渐“佛法”思想留给我们的有益启示,值得在深入思考和研究的基础上加以发扬。 相似文献
99.
100.
关于异种器官移植的问题 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
谢蜀生 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》1999,20(2):17-19
随着器官移植的广泛开展,器官短缺的问题日渐突出,80年代末起异种器官移植的应用引起人们的重视,并形成热潮。但研究表明,克服异种移植排斥非易事,异种器官移植可能引起的病毒性疾病的传播,以及异种器官分子不相容性造成的种属屏障,都使异种器官移植的前景难料。 相似文献