The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in patients with rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A number of studies have reported the suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempts (SA) of patients with rheumatic diseases. However, the estimated prevalence of those disorders varies substantially between studies. This systematic review aimed to describe the prevalence of SI and SA in rheumatic diseases. Literature search was done using Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane database library, PubMed and CNKI database through June 2017. Studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and the qualities of included studies were evaluated. The data was analyzed using STATA version 12.0. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted on all eligible data. A total of 17 identified studies matched the inclusion criteria, involving 5174 participants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fibromyalgia (FM). Meta-analysis showed that rheumatic diseases patients have high prevalence of SI (26%, 95% CI: 19%-32%, I²=96.2%) and SA (12%, 95% CI: 3%-21%, I²=96.6%). We also found the prevalence of SI and SA in females may be higher than in males. All of these indicated that rheumatologists should screen for SI and SA in their patients. Early appropriate intervention is therefore essential to promote the patients’ good mental health.     

面孔识别的眼动研究

采用眼动记录法探讨面孔识别的加工过程。在实验一中,通过记录被试识别面孔图片和非面孔图片时的即时加工过程,考查被试在知觉面孔与一般物体时的眼动差异。在实验二中,考察被试在知觉熟悉面孔与陌生面孔时的眼动差异与时间进程的差异。结果表明:(1)个体在加工面孔时倾向于首先在双眼间平移而后向嘴巴运动,完成面孔识别,而在识别物体图片时则没有固定的运动轨迹。(2)在知觉熟悉面孔时被试倾向于只注视眼睛,而在知觉陌生面孔图片时则与实验一的面孔图片眼动轨迹相似。     

对世界反理性主义的挑战--介绍《从历史的角度考察世俗人文主义者的前景》一文

美国的世俗人文主义委员会(Council for Secular Humanism简称CSH)主席、美国纽约 州立大学荣誉教授、哲学家保罗·库尔兹(Paul Kurtz),以他30多年推动人文主义运动发展的经 验,敏锐地观察到了一种逆向态度的增长,终于 2003年在《自由探索》 (Free Inquiry)杂志 第23卷第四期冬季卷发表了长文《从历史的角度 考察世俗人文主义者的前景》。文章对我们认识今 天世界的宗教、科学和道德等问题,以及如何在世 界宗教高涨的背景下坚持科学理性的人义主义,有 很大的启发作用。     

从历史的角度考察世俗人文主义者的前景

现代人文主义对于人类未来具有巨大的把握能 力。但是,在最近的几年里尤其是在美国却发生了 很多烦扰的变化,使得人文主义者的承诺很难实 现。无疑,文化战争将继续强化。虽然目前我们已 经在国家最高机构的决定中获得了很大进展,但现 代人文主义者的观点仍然要面对接连不断的挑战。     

论山东文物资源的产业化

山东省文物资源丰富,遗址众多。随着社会主义市场经济体系的确立,文化资源的产业化发展是文化市场发展的必然趋势。文物资源作为文化资源的主要部分,产业化开发与利用是其主要发展趋势。如何将其产业化开发与利用也是我们值得探讨的问题。结合山东文物资源的特点,我们对文物资源的产业化开发提出了具体思路与对策。     

概念性内隐记忆和外显记忆中熟悉性的关系研究

该文运用任务分离法和Remember/Know程序,以汉词为材料,研究集中注意和重度分散注意条件下概念性内隐记忆和熟悉性提取的关系。结果表明:(1)概念性内隐记忆和线索回忆中的熟悉性在两种注意水平下差异均显著,它们随注意负荷的增加而提高;(2)类别范例测验中不存在错误记忆,而线索回忆中出现了错误记得和错误知道。     

幼儿园组织氛围与教师专业发展结构模型研究

通过对317名教师的问卷调查,建立了幼儿园组织氛围与教师专业发展的结构模型。结果表明：（1）反思是幼儿园组织氛围作用于教师专业发展的重要中介变量;（2）幼儿园组织氛围对教师专业发展有直接或问接的影响,幼儿园支持氛围对教师职业倦怠的影响作用最大,研究氛围对教师专业认同的影响最大,支持氛围对教师教育效能感的影响最大;（3）幼儿园的支持氛围、研究氛围对教师专业发展的影响作用大于赋权氛围的影响。     

语词分析下结构式写作在应对负性生活事件中的作用

对以结构式写作处理负性生活事件的90份写作文本进行语词分析,以语词分析类别中心理历程四个维度的语词数为自变量,以被试写作后SF-36量表总分、社会功能、躯体功能和情感职能得分为因变量进行的回归分析表明,对写作文本的认知历程对被试总体身心健康、社会功能和躯体功能状况均有正向作用,社会历程对躯体功能状况呈负向作用．感知历程中的特征因素对被试情绪职能呈负向作用。研究证实了书面叙述对负性生活事件的积极处理效应,并对认知与社会互动因素的作用机制进行了初步探索。     

测试特异人娜达莎

娜达莎的特异功能美国探索频道(Discovery Channel)导演和制片莫尼卡·盖塞(Monica Garnsey),做了一期电视节目——“一个具有X射线眼的女孩”。为了这个电视片,她向CSICOP的理查德·怀斯曼(RichardWiseman),安德鲁·斯库尔尼克(Andrew Skolnick)和我提出,希望对自称能“阅读”(透视)人们身体内部器官的一个17岁的俄罗斯女孩——娜达莎·戴金娜(Natasha Demkina)进行相关的测试,来检验她的声称是否确实。据了解最近世界很多地方流传,一个17岁俄罗斯女孩娜达莎有一双能够透视的X射线眼,可以看到人体内部。她10岁的时候,做了一个修道…     

The regulation effects of anger rumination on different foci of anger

Previous studies have shown that anger rumination plays a critical role in increasing anger. The present study examined whether these effects were different with respect to different foci of anger. In Study 1, 96 participants were asked to ruminate about their shame-related or shame-unrelated anger experiences either in an analytical or an experiential way after recalling an autobiographical anger memory. In Study 2, either shame-related or shame-unrelated anger was evoked in participants (n = 176) by an accomplice, and then the participants were instructed to ruminate in one of the following ways: self-distanced analytical, self-distanced experiential, self-immersed analytical, and self-immersed experiential rumination. Study 1 showed significant interaction effects between the foci of anger and the mode of processing. Study 2 showed significant three-way interaction effects among the foci of anger, the mode of processing and the vantage perspective of rumination. Specifically, the results indicated that self-immersed analytical rumination was more useful than the other types of rumination in reducing shame-unrelated anger, while no difference was found regarding shame-related anger. These findings indicated that the effects of anger rumination are different regarding the foci of anger.