从系统论视角看全身炎症反应综合征

全身炎症反应综合征已经成为当前危重病医学所面临重大挑战.本文从系统论的角度出发,通过阐述全身炎症反应综合征的发病机制、病理过程及治疗进展,浅谈系统论在全身炎症反应综合征基础研究和临床治疗中的指导作用.     

对脊柱结核诊疗策略的思考

脊柱结核是临床常见病,其诊疗策略主要包括正确的诊断思路、合适的治疗选择.尤其重视非典型性脊柱结核的诊断,治疗方面要重视药物治疗、营养支持、休息制动等手段.对于需要手术治疗的患者,需个体化选择最适合的术式,且应完整理解并客观评估新技术的应用.     

Role of personal endorsement of outgroup members' distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in attitude towards the outgroup

The present study was designed to examine the role of the perceived culture of the outgroup and the perceiver's cognitive style on the intergroup process. We conducted a survey among mainland Chinese college students to discover the role of their personal endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese's distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in predicting their attitude towards the Hong Kong Chinese outgroup. Results showed that mainland Chinese who gave a higher endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese values were more likely to show a positive attitude towards Hong Kong Chinese, especially for people with a higher need for cognitive closure. These results were discussed in terms of the function of shared social reality on the formation of positive intergroup attitude. Future directions for intergroup research were proposed based on these findings.     

Statistical power analysis for growth curve models using SAS

Power analysis is critical in research designs. This study discusses a simulation-based approach utilizing the likelihood ratio test to estimate the power of growth curve analysis. The power estimation is implemented through a set of SAS macros. The application of the SAS macros is demonstrated through several examples, including missing data and nonlinear growth trajectory situations. The results of the examples indicate that the power of growth curve analysis increases with the increase of sample sizes, effect sizes, and numbers of measurement occasions. In addition, missing data can reduce power. The SAS macros can be modified to accommodate more complex power analysis for both linear and nonlinear growth curve models.     

职业生涯探索的结构、方法及影响因素

职业生涯探索是指个体在探索动机推动下,对于自我和职业发展相关的环境进行探索,形成一定技能、获得相应的认知和情感反馈的过程,其最终目的在于自我的发展和整合。此领域的研究主要集中于职业生涯探索的概念、结构划分、测量方法和影响因素几方面。关于结构的研究有内容和过程两种取向;影响因素的研究主要从家庭和个体两方面展开。明确职业生涯探索结构、进一步完善测量工具及深入了解职业生涯探索的原因机制是未来研究的趋向     

前额皮层肾上腺素能受体在工作记忆中的作用

前额皮层去甲肾上腺素能神经支配主要来自脑干蓝斑核。前额皮层存在不同类型的肾上腺素能受体。其中突触后α2及β2肾上腺素能受体的激活提高工作记忆;α1及β1肾上腺素能受体的激活损害工作记忆。不同受体是通过激活不同的信号通路发挥对工作记忆的调节作用。来自人类被试的研究结果与对动物的研究结果之间尚存在不一致。了解前额皮层不同肾上腺素受体的作用为开发治疗与前额皮层功能失调相关疾病的药物提供了新的方向。     

论人格特质“大七”因素模型

概要介绍和评价了人格特质“大七”因素模型。该模型继承了传统特质分类研究中的“词汇假设”思想和因素分析方法．并在选词标准及方法的客观性上有所改进和提高．在“大五”基础上增加了两个评价维度。文章指出“大七”存在一些问题。     

佛教文献中的假设连词"若也"

本文运用社会语言学的方法,全面考察假设连词"若也"在佛典文献与藏外文献中的使用情况,发现"若也"是一个以佛教社团为背景的词汇成分,它产生于汉语,没有外来影响,主要在唐宋时期使用.     

To buy or to sell: cultural differences in stock market decisions based on price trends

Four studies compared the stock market decisions of Canadians and Chinese. In two studies using simple stock market trends, compared with Chinese, Canadians were more willing to sell and less willing to buy falling stock. But when the stock price was rising, the opposite occurred: Canadians were more willing to buy and less willing to sell. A third study showed that for complex stock price trends, Canadians were strongly influenced by the most recent price trends: they tended to predict that recent trends would continue and made selling decisions without considering the rest of the trend patterns; whereas the Chinese made reversal predictions for the dominant trends and made decisions that took both recent and early trends into consideration. Study 4 replicated the finding with experienced individual investors. These findings are consistent with the previous literature on different lay theories of change held by Chinese and North Americans. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

O rem 自护理论消除帕金森退化反应的应用前景

由于帕金森的发病率逐年上升,并对患者生理、心理、社会等方面造成影响,本文对国内外O rem自护理论消除退化反应的相关文献以及在帕金森疾病中的应用前景进行报道。使用检索电子数据库以及查阅期刊文献。结果发现随着疾病的进展,帕金森会诱发机体一系列的退化反应,这严重影响了患者的生理、心理以及生活质量。大量文献报道了O rem自护理论在消除高血压、糖尿病等慢性疾病退化反应中的应用,但很少文献提及O rem自护理论在消除帕金森退化反应中的应用。笔者认为O rem自护理论有望在消除帕金森退化反应中应用。