Log-Multiplicative Association Models as Item Response Models

Log-multiplicative association (LMA) models, which are special cases of log-linear models, have interpretations in terms of latent continuous variables. Two theoretical derivations of LMA models based on item response theory (IRT) arguments are presented. First, we show that Anderson and colleagues (Anderson &; Vermunt, 2000; Anderson &; Böckenholt, 2000; Anderson, 2002), who derived LMA models from statistical graphical models, made the equivalent assumptions as Holland (1990) when deriving models for the manifest probabilities of response patterns based on an IRT approach. We also present a second derivation of LMA models where item response functions are specified as functions of rest-scores. These various connections provide insights into the behavior of LMA models as item response models and point out philosophical issues with the use of LMA models as item response models. We show that even for short tests, LMA and standard IRT models yield very similar to nearly identical results when data arise from standard IRT models. Log-multiplicative association models can be used as item response models and do not require numerical integration for estimation.     

The Utilization of Exercise to Decrease Depressive Symptoms in Young Adult Women

Depression is a prevalent issue for women on college campuses. Undergraduate women participated in (a) an aerobic exercise class, (b) a weight‐lifting class, or (c) a control group to determine the effect of exercise on depressive symptoms. Participants in the aerobic exercise group exhibited a significant decrease in depressive symptoms. Implications for college counselors are discussed.     

学习不良儿童的策略信念与理解水平

使用结构访谈法对120名儿童(其中学习不良儿童60名)的策略信念与策略理解水平进行了研究。结果显示:学习不良儿童组与一般儿童组的差异更多体现在对具体策略的元认知因果解释水平上,他们更多持有较低水平的“信息获得”解释,而对照组儿童则更多持有较高水平的“信息加工”解释,提示对策略理解水平的差异可能是导致学习不良儿童难以将新学到的策略主动应用到其它情景中去的一个重要原因。     

面孔吸引力研究方法综述

面孔吸引力研究是目前西方认知心理学、社会心理学以及文化心理学研究者们所共同关注的一个崭新的研究领域。众多研究表明,面孔的平均化、对称性和性别二态性是影响面孔吸引力的三个主要生物学因素。这些发现得益于各种面孔图像处理技术的发展和应用,其中包括多次曝光摄影技术、漫画和反漫画技术、Morph技术、“凯米拉”合成法以及面部特征测量法等。     

社会支持与主观幸福感关系研究综述

文章针对社会支持对主观幸福感的影响及其影响机制的研究进行了较为系统的梳理,并分析和探讨了现存的问题和今后的研究方向,旨在为未来的研究提供新的思路和视角。     

偏向句子语境中不同类型歧义词的歧义消解

采用眼动记录的方法,考察在偏向句子语境中,不同类型的词汇歧义消解的不同。结果发现,歧义词不同意义的相对频率影响了不同类型歧义词的加工。当语境支持歧义词的主要意义时,被试加工同形同音歧义词要快于同形异音歧义词;当语境支持歧义词的次要意义时,被试加工同形同音歧义词要慢于同形异音歧义词。无论语境支持歧义词的主要意义还是次要意义,被试都要为同形同音歧义词从语境中寻找更多的信息来通达词义。实验证明,在偏向语境中,同形同音歧义词与同形异音歧义词的歧义消解过程不同。     

基于文档重排列的中文信息检索系统(英文)

对于文本信息检索,用户都希望从被检索出来的前N篇文章中得到更多的相关信息。本文介绍一个基于文档重排列的中文信息检索系统。为了通过重排列初检索文本来提高检索结果的精确率,该系统按照初检索结果中前100个排列文档中的关键词的分布对结果中的所有1000个文档进行重排列。实验中使用NTCIR-3正式的中文测试数据作为测试集,结果表明,该系统对中文文本检索精确率的提高取得一定的效果。     

首届五台山论坛综述

2009年8月12—15日在世界佛教圣地五台山举行了由山西省政协民族宗教委员会、山西省宗教事务局、忻州市政府、五台县政府、五台山风景名胜区政府和五台山研究会共同主办,由五台山风景名胜区政府和五台山研究会共同承办的“首届五台山论坛”。参加这次论坛的有来自全国各地的专家学者、高僧大德和我省各级领导,以及台湾、日本有志研究五台山的专家学者150余人,收到论文27篇,计30余万字。     

女性之身体审美时尚的生命伦理沉思——以女性主义为视角

女性追求身体之美的行为中与生命存续之间存在的多重紧张关系表明,女性的审美时尚已日益摆脱了对男性的依附关系.但是,女性崇美行为中仍然存在的男权价值观意味着潜在的生命伦理危机.在女性生命伦理问题上,必须注意利用女性主义对女性生命意识的积极影响,同时防止女性生命意识的畸变与生命伦理危机.     

Identification of biological neurons using adaptive observers

This paper is to investigate the use of adaptive observers for the modeling of biological neurons and networks. Assuming that a neuron can be modeled as a continuous-time nonlinear system, it is possible to determine its unknown parameters using adaptive observer, based on the concept of adaptive synchronization. The same technique can be extended for the identification of an entire biological neural network. Some conventional observer designs are studied in this paper and satisfactory results are obtained, yet with some restrictions. To further extend the applicability of adaptive observers for the modeling process, a new design is suggested. It is based on a combination of linear feedback control approach and the dynamical minimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the designed adaptive observer is confirmed with simulations.