社会实践在卫生法教学中的应用

在卫生法教学中采用社会实践的方法尤为重要,通过开展社会调查等实践活动,有利于激发学生的积极性和创造性,提高学生的创新能力、实践能力,提高学生的素质.从而为社会提供合适的人才,满足社会的需要.     

一个带有事务管理的动态偏好逻辑

问题对偏好的变化会有影响。本文在偏好逻辑的背景下考虑事务管理并提出了一个新的带有事务管理的动态偏好逻辑。我们的逻辑表明它能把其他情况均同的偏好（ceteris paribus preference）与普通的偏好联系起来并将其动态化和显性化。并且,通过引入混合逻辑使得我们能在同一层次谈论命题和对象之间的偏好,除提问这个行动之外,我们还在逻辑系统的动态部分考虑了解决、建议和软公开宣告等行动。在对这四种行动的不同影响进行比较后,我们证明了这个动态系统的完全性。     

哥德尔的一阶逻辑完全性证明的原始版本

哥德尔的一阶逻辑完全性定理（1929）是数理逻辑的基石。当代的逻辑学学生学习数理逻辑时大都直接接触Henkin（1949）的改良证法,该法简明扼要,并将原证法的“关于可数语言的限制”扩展至“任意基数的语言”。本文用改进的当代逻辑学术语简要重述了哥德尔的一阶逻辑完全性定理的原始证明,这一证明在很大程度上已经为人所遗忘。作者并择要指出原证明中未声明地使用了Konig引理（1926）。     

医学院校自然辩证法教学中的例证探析

目前在《自然辩证法》的教学中还存在一些问题,如教材老化、师资力量不足,学生人文素质背景较薄弱等,为了切实使理论和实践相结合,使学生认识到该课程的重要性而学有所用,以医学院校为例,论述了如何将有关医学实例结合到《自然辩证法》的教学过程中去,以切实有效地提高这门课的教学效果。     

恒河猴对多边形边(角)数识别极限的实验研究

两只恒河猴在实验条件下以正多边形和不规则多边形的边数为刺激实体进行数量辨别训练,以最后测得恒河猴对多边形边(角)数识别的极限。实验结果表明,恒河猴在多边形边数相差为1的条件下,其辨别上限为7:8。这与以前以白色卡片上黑色圆点为刺激实体所得到的实验结果是一致的。     

Outcomes of training in supervision: Randomised controlled trial

There is little controlled research on the impact of supervisor training on supervision. The current study examined the effects of supervision training in a sample of 46 supervisor–supervisee pairs of mental health practitioners. It compared Immediate 2‐day workshop training of the pair, a wait‐list control in which workshop training was delayed 3 months, and a condition in which supervisors were trained 3 months before their partners (Split). Benefits of Immediate training were restricted to supervisors reporting fully specified agreements, and to reduction of some perceived problems. Self‐efficacy in providing effective supervision fell in the Split condition, relative to the other conditions. Across conditions in general there was a fall from baseline to post‐test assessment in the proportion of sessions where recommended supervision strategies were used, perhaps partly because the controlled trial extended across the summer vacation period. Results are consistent with other observations of the limited impact of workshop training on practice.     

Characterizing the motivational orientation of students in higher education: A naturalistic study in three Hong Kong universities

Background . Consideration of motivation in higher education has often been drawn upon theories and research that were based upon school or workplace studies. Aims . This paper reports an open naturalistic study to better characterize the motivational orientation of students in higher education. Method . Open semi‐structured individual interviews were conducted with 36 students from three universities in Hong Kong. The analysis used an exploratory grounded theory approach. Results . Motivation was characterized as a framework with six continua with positive and negative poles. On enrolment, students had positions on the six facets of motivation, which shifted as they progressed through their degree, according to perceptions of their teaching and learning environment. The positive poles of the six continua were given labels: compliance, individual goal setting, interest, career, sense of belonging and university lifestyle. Conclusion . The formulation of motivational orientation is consistent with contemporary social cognitive theories of motivation in that it has been characterized as a multifaceted phenomenon, with students expressing context‐dependent multiple motives.     

从系统论看肿瘤的生物靶向性治疗

肿瘤的生物靶向性治疗是恶性肿瘤治疗的新方法,其试图通过在基因水平上调节与肿瘤发生、发展有密切联系的生命物质来达到治愈肿瘤的目的。但临床运用中,生物靶向性治疗的疗效与我们的想象相去甚远。本文运用系统论的观点,分析目前生物靶向性治疗中存在的问题及寻求可能解决的方法。