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431.
Elena Liotta 《The Journal of analytical psychology》1997,42(2):317-324
Calling attention to what the author calls the 'maternalization of our profession', a warning is sounded to psychotherapists, and women practitioners in particular, not to neglect their own creativity in the course of professional development undertaken to take better care of patients. Development of the animus, here reformulated as 'an archetype of the capacity for non-relationship', is seen as a balancing alternative to the usual training in the capacity to contain object relations. A literary parallel can be found in Ibsen's play, The Woman from the Sea. It is hoped, too, that through her own initiation into a creative life, the analyst will be better able to help the analysand find a connection with a 'creative centre'. 相似文献
432.
N. E. Downing and K. L. Roush [(1985) “From Passive Acceptance to Active Commitment: A Model of Feminist Identity Development,”The Counseling Psychologist, Vol. 13, pp. 695–709] proposed a five-level developmental model of feminist identity that charts development from passive
acceptance of traditional gender roles toward active commitment to feminist ideals and an egalitarian society. A Bargad and
J. S. Hyde [(1991) “Women’s Studies: A Study of Feminist Identity Development in Women,”Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 15, pp. 181–201] and K. M. Rickard [(1989) “The Relationship of Self-Monitored Dating Behaviors to Level of Feminist
Identity on the Feminist Identity Scale,Sex Roles, Vol. 20, pp. 213–226] developed questionnaires to measure the Downing and Roush levels. The goal of the present study was
to further explore the reliability and validity of the two feminist identity development scales. Participants included 198
female students who were taking either a women’s studies class or a general psychology class. They were administered Rickard’s
and Bargad and Hyde’s scales of feminist identity development and a measure of cognitive development both at the beginning
and end of the semester. Sixty-six percent of the participants classified themselves as Caucasian, 13% as Asian, 7% as African
American, 4% as Hispanic, 3% as Indian, 5% as Other, and 2% left the item blank. Within this framework, we demonstrated support
for (1) the psychometric/statistical properties of each scale, including (a) internal consistency and reliability, (b) component
structure, (c) the relationship among the two scales, and (d) discrimination from social desirability; and (2) construct validity,
as determined by (a) distinction between general psychology students who were interested in taking a women’s studies class
in the future and those who were not, (b) the impact of a women’s studies class on feminist identity development, and (c)
relationship of the scales to a measure of cognitive development.
The authors wish to thank Richard Ashmore and Erich Labouvie for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper.
We also would like to thank the instructors of the general psychology and women’s studies classes, especially Barbara Balliet,
for allowing us to recruit participants in their classes. 相似文献
433.
434.
This study describes the family aggregation of gyral morphology in the posterior perisylvian region in families that contain one or more children with a developmental language disorder. The probands in these families were 8 male and 2 female children referred through therapy programs and schools for children with language and reading problems. Family members included both biological parents (10 m, 10 f) and all available siblings (6 m, 4 f). Gyral morphology in the members of these families was compared with control subjects (10 m, 10 f) who were without a personal or family history of developmental language disorders. Gyral morphology was evaluated using T1-weighted sagittal scans from a GE Signa 1.5T magnet, 5 mm consecutive slices through the full brain volume. A less common type of Sylvian fissure morphology was more frequently found in the hemispheres of language-disordered subjects and their first-degree relatives than in control subjects. In addition, the pattern of Sylvian fissure morphology across generations within the families suggests that this feature might be inherited from either parent. The elevated rate of extra gyri in the posterior perisylvian region in families affected by language disorder links an anomaly within a language-related brain region with familial risk for this disorder. 相似文献
435.
Elena Samoylenko Stephen McAdams Valery Nosulenko 《International journal of psychology》1996,31(6):255-278
A method of verbal protocol analysis is presented in which verbal units used to compare sound events are extracted from the protocols and analysed from three general points of view: (1) their logical sense, (2) their stimulus-relatedness, and (3) their semantic content. At each level, several analysis steps progressively label the verbal units from hierarchically superior to inferior levels (with increasing differentiation as one descends the hierarchy). The technique shows great reliability across analyses by independent experts. It was applied to an investigation of timbre comparisons in which Russian nonmusician subjects rated the dissimilarity of timbres presented in pairs and described verbally their similarities and differences. The technique demonstrates an effectiveness in revealing differences in focus on perceptual attributes of timbre that contribute to inter- and intra-subject discrepancies in dissimilarity ratings. Further, as concerns identification of the sound sources producing the events, there is evidence that basic categories are very general in nature in these nonmusician subjects. 相似文献
436.
Do self-monitoring processes influence (1) the correspondence between assessed personality and expressive masculinity-femininity, and (2) the cross-channel consistency (face, body, voice) of expressive masculinity-femininity? To answer these questions, 36 male and 36 females completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) and Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale, and then were videotaped as teachers. Five groups of naive judges rated these stimulus subjects on expressive masculinity-femininity, basing their respective ratings on: video pictures and voices, just pictures, just faces, just bodies, or just voices. A sixth group of judges rated subjects on physical attractiveness. The results indicated that judged physical attractiveness was significantly correlated with judged masculinity-femininity, with men being judged more masculine and females more feminine the more attractive they were. BSRI femininity correlated strongly with judged masculinity-femininity, and BSRI masculinity, less so. Finally, self-monitoring did prove to moderate the correspondence between personality and expressive behavior, and the cross-channel consistency of masculinity-femininity cues: however, these moderating effects were different for males and females. 相似文献
437.
Data were collected from a sample of 81 6th-, 7th- and 8th-grade children from intact and non-intact families. The self-concepts of the children from both the intact and non-intact families were measured through the use of the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale. The data were analyzed through the multiple-regression approach; demographic variables describing the children, the children's family structures and the number of years since the divorce were built into the analysis. Contrary to much of the clinical literature, the self-concepts of the children in the non-intact families were found not to be negative. 相似文献
438.
Itzhak Fried Peter E. Tanguay Elena Boder Catherine Doubleday Marcia Greensite 《Brain and language》1981,12(1):14-22
Event-related potentials (ERPs) to word and to musical-chord stimuli were recorded in 13 dyslexic boys and 13 age-matched normal readers. Normal readers and dyslexics whose reading handicaps involved visual-spatial processing deficits had greater word versus musical-chord ERP waveform differences over the left as compared to the right hemisphere. Dyslexics whose reading difficulties were related to auditory-verbal processing deficits did not exhibit this asymmetry. These results are interpreted as supportive of the hypothesis that the latter group of dyslexics has failed to develop normal left hemisphere specialization for processing of auditory-linguistic material. 相似文献
439.
Juan Carlos Torrego-Seijo Presentación Ángeles Caballero-García Elena M. Lorenzo-Llamas 《The British journal of educational psychology》2021,91(3):928-949
Increasing the students' academic achievement in the international evaluation arena is a challenge for our country, and cooperative learning and emotional intelligence may be a solution for this problem. The link between cooperative learning, emotional intelligence, and academic achievement has been poorly studied so far. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the influence of cooperative learning on trait emotional intelligence and academic achievement. The methodology used was a quasi-experimental design with pre/post-measurements and experimental/control groups. The participants were primary education students (n = 692) and teachers (n = 24) from eight public schools in Madrid, Spain. The instruments used were the Emotional Quotient-Youth Version questionnaire and internal and external assessment tests. Our results indicated that cooperative learning improved scores of one dimension of trait emotional intelligence, change adaptability, and students' academic achievement (Mathematics and Spanish Language). We discussed the possible implications of these outcomes for educational practice. 相似文献
440.
Julia Paola Menichetti Delor Lidia Borghi Eugenia Cao di San Marco Ivan Fossati Elena Vegni 《International journal of psychology》2021,56(4):498-511
A proportion of persons affected by coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) die and do so in extraordinary circumstances. This can make grief management extremely challenging for families. The Clinical Psychology unit of an Italian hospital offered a bereavement follow-up call to such families. This study aimed to explore the families' experiences and needs collected during these calls, and the role that the psychologists played through the call. A total of 246 families were called over 3 months. Multiple qualitative methods included: (i) written reports of the calls with relatives of patients who died at the hospital for COVID-19; (ii) qualitative semi-structured interviews with psychologists involved in the calls; (iii) observation of psychologists' peer group discussions. A thematic analysis was conducted. Six themes emerged: without death rituals, solitary, unexpected, unfair, unsafe, coexisting with other stressors. Families' reactions were perceived by psychologists as close to a traumatic grief. Families' needs ranged from finding alternative rituals to giving meaning and expressing different emotions. The psychologists played both a social-institutional and a psychological-human role through the calls (e.g., they cured disrupted communication or validated feelings and choices). This study highlighted the potential of traumatic grief of families of COVID-19 victims, and provided indications for supporting them within the space of a short phone call. 相似文献