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141.
We investigated the conditions under which preparatory information presented 1 day before a novel event influenced 6-year-olds' recall 1 week later. Children were assigned to one of six experimental conditions. Three conditions involved preparatory information that described the event accurately but differed according to the presence and type of props (verbal, real props, and toy props). In two conditions, which also differed according to whether verbal information was supplemented with real props, half of the preparatory information described the event accurately, whereas the other half was thematically similar to, but inconsistent with, the event (misleading verbal and misleading props). Compared with the attentional control condition, all forms of preparation that described the event accurately increased correct recall. Preparation that included props improved photograph recognition. When half of the accurate information was replaced by misleading information, the positive benefit on recall was reduced, and when misleading props accompanied the misleading information, errors increased. The potential underlying mechanisms and implications for pediatric settings are discussed. 相似文献
142.
糖皮质激素是最有效的抗气道炎症药物,吸入糖皮质激素(ICS)是首选哮喘控制药物.由于治疗后达到哮喘临床控制(症状、肺功能)需要一定时间,ICS达到一定剂量后量效曲线较平坦,而全身不良反应却逐渐增加.因此,达到临床控制后在长期监测下至少维持哮喘控制3个月以上,开始减少50%ICS剂量,直至ICS减至最低维持剂量.如为ICS加另一种控制药(长效β2受体激动剂、白三烯调节剂、缓释茶碱)联合治疗达到控制者,在ICS减至最低剂量时再停用另一种控制药.应用最低剂量ICS维持控制达1年方可考虑停药. 相似文献
143.
21世纪的医疗保障制度改革与发展主要表现为:在理论上,强调医疗保障是人权的基本内容;在保障的对象上强调全民性和公平性;在保障的内容上更加重视预防保健;在医疗保障的运行机制上,强调政府主导与市场机制相结合;在服务模式方面,积极构建多层次网络化的社区卫生服务体系,推行医疗适宜技术;在筹资模式上,更注意建立以政府投入为主导的多元化筹资机制. 相似文献
144.
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146.
Xinzhong Yao 《Journal of Contemporary Religion》2007,22(2):169-185
Drawing on relevant data from surveys conducted in 1995 and 2005, this article explores the perceptible changes in religious beliefs and practices among the Han Chinese in urban areas during this ten-year period. Through analysing the survey data, the article attempts to examine these changes—the increasing awareness of religious others and the more revealing interaction between change and continuity—in the context of greater changes of society, economy, and politics. It concludes that, while commercialism and rationalism continue to dominate the ideological sky of urban China, spiritual beliefs and practices in various forms have also gained a strong footing in contemporary society and demonstrate a complex religiosity. 相似文献
147.
本研究选取852名被试,引人组别变量(下围棋组、对照组),探讨了下围棋对儿童注意力的影响.结果显示:(1)下围棋对儿童注意力具有积极影响,主要集中在稳定性、集中性和可持续性上;(2)进一步的性别、年级分析发现,性别主效应不显著,这说明男女在围棋活动前后没有显著性差异.年级主效应显著,表明一年级、五年级和八年级的注意力具有显著性差异,这是由于随着年龄的增长,儿童的注意力逐渐提升的缘故. 相似文献
148.
任务难度对前瞻记忆TAP效应影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
前瞻记忆中的TAP效应是指,当进行中任务和前瞻任务加工类型一致时,前瞻记忆成绩要好于两者工类型不一致时.该研究采用双重任务范式,以大学生为被试,探讨了进行中任务难度对前瞻记忆TAP效应的影响,以揭示注意资源在TAP效应产生中的关键作用.结果表明:当进行中任务难度较低时,没有出现TAP效应,即进行中任务和前瞻任务的加工类型是否一致不会对前瞻记忆成绩产生显著影响;当进行中任务难度较高时,TAP效应部分出现.进一步说,当进行中任务加工类型为语义型时,语义型的前瞻任务成绩要显著好于结构型的前瞻任务成绩;而当进行中任务加工类型为结构型时,前瞻任务的加工类型没有对前瞻记忆成绩产生显著影响. 相似文献
149.
150.
田平 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2009,4(4):604-615
The development of the semantic externalism in the 1970s was followed by a debate on the compatibility of externalism and
self-knowledge. Boghossian’s memory argument is one of the most important arguments against the compatibilist view. However,
some compatibilists attack Boghossian’s argument by pointing out that his understanding of memory is internalistic. Ludlow
and others developed the externalist view of memory to defend the compatibility of externalism and self-knowledge. However,
the externalist view of memory undermines the epistemic status of memory since it gives memory a burden that is too heavy
for it to carry. This paper argues that only if we take the content of memory to be narrow and take that of self-knowledge
to be wide and replace Cartesian self-knowledge with contextually constrained self-knowledge, can the compatibility of externalism
and self-knowledge be effectively defended. 相似文献