"大一统"理念辨析

本文对古典儒家提出的与大一统有关的三种观念进行了分析:第一种是公羊学,主要是董仲舒提出的作为宪法秩序之建立程序的大一统,第二种是董仲舒要求确立儒术为新王官学的大一统,第三种是孟子提出的强调仁德对于治理之绝对价值的"定于一"。这三种大一统观念均与近代以来人们基于民族国家理念而形成的"领土统一"观念无关,而恰恰足以消解后者。     

主动性人格与工作绩效：个体-组织匹配的调节作用

本研究的目的：考察主动性人格在中国企业内对工作绩效的预测性及个体-组织匹配在其中的调节作用。方法：研究以三家中国本土企业的253名员工为被试,使用修订过的主动性人格量表。结果：（1）除了大五人格和社会赞许性之外,主动性人格还可以解释工作绩效8．5％的方差变异;（2）整体分析时只有团队导向因素显著,单独分析时高新独资企业中注重细节因素、团队导向因素和结果导向因素有显著的调节作用;民营企业中尊重员工因素有显著的调节作用;国有企业中革新性因素和团队导向因素有显著的调节作用。结论：主动性人格可以有效地预测工作绩效,个体-组织匹配则根据不同的企业组织,不同的因素在主动性人格和工作绩效的关系中起调节作用。关于本研究的贡献与不足以及未来的研究方向都有所讨论。     

Socially oriented values and reciprocity norm predict organizational commitment

The current research concerns the predictors and organizational outcomes of normative commitment in Chinese companies. In Study 1, using a semi-structured interview, we identified internalization of socially oriented value and reciprocity norm as two possible predictors of normative commitment. Survey results confirm the factorial independence of these two predictors. Study 2 examined the predictive relationship of these predictors with employee job satisfaction, turnover intention, in-role performance, and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The results showed that value internalization predicts higher job satisfaction and weaker turnover intentions via normative commitment, whereas reciprocity predicts higher job satisfaction, weaker turnover intention, and more frequent display of OCB via normative commitment. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for future research and management practices.     

齐鲁饮食文化形态中的儒学思想

齐鲁饮食文化深受儒学思想的影响,形成了一定文化形态的饮食观念,影响人们的日常生活,并在一定的时间和空间范围内起着促进或制约社会发展的作用。齐鲁饮食习俗中“上顺天道、适时进食”的自然生态观,“长幼有序、进食有礼”的礼俗观,“敬天爱人”和谐观,“孝敬父母、以和为贵”伦理观,“以大惟美”待客观,是齐鲁饮食文化形态的主要特征,是儒学思想实现社会统治方略和社会管理的具体体现。新的历史时期,齐鲁饮食文化不断与时俱进,加强自身发展与对外交流,去粗存精引领社会饮食文化健康和谐发展。     

Concurrent validity in Taiwan of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers who were full-term infants

This study investigated the concurrent validity of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers (CDIIT) with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (BSID-II) in full-term infants. 106 full-term infants ages 6 to 18 months (63 boys, 43 girls) were recruited as a convenience sample. One tester administered the CDIIT and BSID-II to all children. The Developmental Ages and Developmental Quotients of the motor and the mental scales from both tests were analyzed with Pearson correlations and quadratic weighted kappa tests. The results showed that correlation coefficients for Developmental Ages between both tests on cognitive and motor subtests were high (r = .91-.95) and for Developmental Quotients were moderate (r = .57-.67). Moderate classification agreement was found in the two scales (quadratic weighted kappa = .50-.53). Developmental Quotients classification for the CDIIT tended to be a little higher than for the BSID-II. It was concluded that although acceptable concurrent validity was found for the Motor and Cognitive subtests of the CDIIT, the tester should be cautious to compare Developmental Quotients obtained from the above two tests in clinical or in research settings.     

The Confucian Self and Experiential Spirituality

Since the publication of his book on Zhongyong (Tu 1976), Tu Weiming has worked for more than 30 years on an anthropocosmic reconstruction of the Confucian universe, in which self-transformation is defined both as the starting point and as the necessary vehicle for one’s spiritual journey. This article is primarily intended to examine Tu’s attempts to reconstruct Confucian spirituality but further to take a step forward to argue that in the spiritual world as construed by Confucius and Mencius, the experiential functions as transcendental by which the self initiates and empowers the transformative process. Through exploring the spiritual significance of Confucian experiences, this essay will conclude that although “transcendental experience” is only one of many dimensions in other religious or intellectual traditions, it is the most important path for Confucians by which the self is enabled to become fully integrated with ultimate reality.     

试论西方马克思主义心理学取向的特点及成就

当今西方心理学研究中盛行着形形色色的马克思主义流派, 除了传统的精神分析马克思主义、人本心理学马克思主义和辩证法心理学等思潮之外, 还涌现出了实证主义心理学的马克思主义、女权主义心理学的马克思主义、批判心理学的马克思主义和多元主义辩证法等新取向, 其中批判心理学已成为发展的主流。马克思主义是我们的立国之本, 随着世界范围内马克思主义研究运动的日益高涨, 如何认识西方马克思主义的心理学理论资源, 是我们中国心理学研究需要进一步探讨的一个重要理论和现实问题。     

近代中国国家主义与基督教

本文考察了近代中国的国家主义者对基督教的批判,以及基督教学者从基督教的国家观、基督徒的爱国问题和世界主义(大同主义)等方面所做的回应。这种考察,既可以让我们了解到基督教在中国历史上与某种政治思潮的纠缠,也可以为我们在当今全球化背景下审视基督教与国家的关系提供借鉴。基督教的普世主义可以纠正国家主义的偏狭,国家主义的思想刺激基督教不得不考虑本土化和处境化的问题。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病健康教育的作用及面临的问题

将82例稳定期COPD患者随机分为两组,治疗组接受为期半年的健康教育,对照组不接受健康教育。观察半年前后两组的吸烟比例、呼吸困难评分、吸入治疗比例及正确率和半年内急性发作次数;并比较半年前后的生活质量评分、疗效评估和肺功能指标。发现：半年的健康教育可增加稳定期COPD患者的戒烟率,减少反复急性发作,从而提高生活质量。缺乏经济效益及未受到足够的重视和宣传,制约了健康教育的普及,因此发展社区卫生医疗服务势在必行。     

加强青年医师素质培养进一步提高临床教学水平

探讨青年医师应具备的临床素质:优秀的道德品质、较高的文化素养、扎实的专业知识、较强的身心素质和不断的创新意识.分析目前存在的问题,高学历与实际能力不符、轻视临床思维分析、功利主义思想严重.指出如何强化青年医师的素质培养,规范化培训、注重学习和实践、制定合理政策.