A parameter analysis method for the weight‐set to satisfy preference orders of alternatives in additive multi‐criteria value models

In the context of the additive multi‐criteria value model, this paper investigates how the set of criteria weights (weight‐set hereafter) can be determined according to the preference orders of alternatives given by the decision maker. A construction method is proposed for the weight‐set for different intervals of β, where β is a differential amount of value between the preference information on two alternatives. The results of this paper are important for sensitivity analysis in multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) problems and multi‐criteria group decision analysis. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Materialism and the Bright and Dark Sides of the Financial Dream in Spain: The Positive Role of Money Attitudes—The Matthew Effect

Research suggests that materialism leads to the dark side of the financial dream. In this study, we treat love of money as a mediator and test a theoretical model's direct path (Materialism to Financial Satisfaction) and indirect path (Materialism to Love of Money to Financial Satisfaction) simultaneously using the whole sample and across several demographic variables based on 1,011 citizens in Spain. Results for the whole sample showed that the positive indirect effect suppressed the negative direct effect creating an overall small positive effect. Furthermore, we found a significant negative direct path for rural dwellers, the 30–44‐year‐old age group, and married people, but a positive indirect path for rural residents, the 45–59‐year‐old age group, married, males, and urban dwellers. Overall, those in the 30–44 age group, rural residents, and married people experienced the dark side of the financial dream, whereas old (over‐60 age group), unmarried, urban, and young people (18–29 age group) enjoyed the bright side of their financial optimism. People's money attitudes and demographic variables play a positive role in our understanding of materialism and financial satisfaction, i.e. the Matthew Effect. Our novel, counterintuitive, and original theoretical, empirical, and practical contributions foster theory development and testing and improved practice.     

Multiperspectival designs and processes in interpretative phenomenological analysis research

ABSTRACT

Researchers using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) within applied research typically use homogenous samples exploring shared perspectives on a single phenomenon of interest. This article explores the challenges and opportunities involved with developing rigorous and epistemologically coherent research designs for capturing more complex and systemic experiential phenomena, through the use of multiple perspectives to explore the same phenomenon. We outline a series of multiple perspective designs and analytic procedures that can be adapted and used across many diverse settings and populations. Whilst building upon existing approaches within qualitative methods and IPA, these designs and procedures are intended to scaffold clear routes to practical application, psychological intervention, the design of behaviour change interventions, and other recommendations for policy and practice. We discuss a variety of conceptual antecedents which situate these designs within phenomenology, pluralistic idiography, qualitative psychology, and wider debates within psychology and other social and behavioural sciences.     

作为社会管理主体的行政及其伦理取向

从存在意义上说,行政对应的是社会,是社会管理的主体,所以,行政角色来源于社会的规定.行政只是社会的填充型结构,它置身社会之中,利用专业知识判断为社会服务.如果它不能被证明是有效且公正地完成其职能的话,行政的合法性就会受到挑战.行政伦理取向就在于服务社会,以促成社会活力和社会功能合理化.社会性的角色也要求行政伦理应为解决行政过程中引起的伦理冲突创造一个对话的平台,保证每一个相关人员的充分介入,进行有深度的交流,才能达成具有普遍意义且令当事人满意的伦理共识.     

女性人格特征的服装服饰刻板印象研究

采用服装服饰偏好语义区分量表对与女性人格特征相关联的服装服饰刻板印象进行了研究。实验由１０７名男女大学生，针对给定的刺激人物的四种不同人格特征，在服装服饰量表上作出印象判断。结果证实，存在与不同人格特点相关联的服装服饰刻板印象，并揭示出在四种人格特征的服装服饰刻板印象中，所存在的具体的服饰符号特征。实验还发现，服装服饰刻板印象中存在着性别差异。作为知觉者的女性对女性刺激人物的印象较作为知觉者的男性表现出极端化的特点。